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Activation and signaling of the p38 MAP kinase pathway

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Cell Research 2005年第1期15卷 11-18页

作者： tyler ZARUBIN La Jolla USA Department of Immunology 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road The Scripps Research Institute CA 92037

The family members of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases mediate a wide variety of cellular behaviors in response to extracellular stimuli. One of the four main sub-groups, the p38 group of MAP kinases, serve as a nexus for signal transduction and play a vital role in numerous biological processes. In this review, we highlight the known characteristics and components of the p38 pathway along with the mechanism and consequences of p38 activation. We focus on the role of p38 as a signal transduction mediator and examine the evidence linking p38 to inflammation, cell cycle, cell death, development, cell differentiation, senescence and tumorigenesis in specific cell types. Upstream and downstream components of p38 are described and questions remaining to be answered are posed. Finally, we propose several directions for future research on p38.

关键词： p38 MAP kinase signaling pathway nexus inflammation differentiation senescence tumorigenesis.

Endoscopic ultrasound for the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第23期16卷 2841-2850页

作者： tyler Stevens Mansour A Parsi Digestive Disease Institute Cleveland Clinic Foundation

Endoscopic ultrasound(EUS) has become a well accepted test for the diagnosis of chronic *** include its ability to detect subtle and severe changes of the pancreatic duct and parenchyma,and its relative safety compared with endoscopic retrograde *** include inter-and intraobserver variability,operator dependence,and an incomplete understanding of its true *** Rosemont classif ication has recently been proposed as a weighted,standardized method that may improve EUS chronic pancreatitis *** paper reviews the published evidence regarding the accuracy of EUS in chronic pancreatitis diagnosis,and enumerates the emerging technologies that have been recently studied which may ultimately improve endosonographic imaging of the pancreas.

关键词： Chronic pancreatitis Contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound Diagnosis Digital image analysis Elastography Endoscopic ultrasound Pancreatic function testing Rosemont classification

Predicting the temporal transferability of model parameters through a hydrological signature analysis

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2020年第1期14卷 110-123页

作者： Dilhani Ishanka JAYATHILAKE tyler SMITH Institute for a Sustainable Environment Clarkson UniversityPotsdamNY 13699USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Clarkson UniversityPotsdamNY 13699USA

Attention has recently increased on the use of hydrological signatures as a potential tool for assessing the fidelity of model structures and providing insights into the transfer of model *** utility of hydrological signatures as model performance/reliability indicators in a calibration-validation testing scenario(i.e.,the temporal transfer of model parameters)is the focus of this *** Probability Distributed Model,a flexible conceptual hydrological model,is used to test the approach across a number of catchments included in the MOPEX data set We explore the change in model performance across calibration and validation time periods and contrast it to the corresponding change in several hydrological signatures to assess signature *** are explored in finer detail by utilizing a moving window approach to calibration and validation time *** results of this study indicated that the most informative signature can vary,both spatially and temporally,based on physical and climatic characteristics and their interaction to the model ***,one signature could not adequately illustrate complex watershed behaviors nor predict model performance in new analysis periods.

关键词： streamflow hydrological signature validation testing model calibration

Investigating bee dietary preferences along a gradient of floral resources:how does resource use align with resource availability?

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Insect Science 2021年第2期28卷 555-565页

作者： tyler T.Kelly Elizabeth Elle Evolutionary and Behavioural Ecology Research Group Department of Biological SciencesSimon Fraser UniversityBurnabyCanada

Bee dietary preferences,or the floral resources that they consistently collect,likely impact where a species can *** this reason it is likely that bee dietary preferences are dependent upon the composition of the plant *** this study,we evaluated floral visits and pollen loads of the mining bee,Andrena angustitarsata Viereck,across a 630 km north-south range to understand dietary preferences along a floral resource *** research,in a more geographically limited area,suggested this species was an eclectic oligolege on predominantly Apiaceae and in part *** the present study we found the species predominately visited and collected pollen from Apiaceae and Rosaceae,but visited 12 flower families and collected pollen from 32,distinguishing them as generalist *** frequency of Apiaceae pollen on the bees and the species-level specialization index(a measure of visit specialization)were higher in regions with higher Apiaceae *** addition Apiaceae and Rosaceae were the only plant families significantly preferred for pollen collection,regardless of floral *** conclude that across our study region *** has a generalist dietary breadth,but also has dietary preference for Apiaceae and *** study indicates that while bees may overall make generalist foraging decisions they may still prefer and likely benefit from selecting fewer flower taxa.

关键词： andrenidae dietary breadth ecoregions oak-savanna pollen specialization

The Paradigm of Power Bounded High-Performance Computing

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2023年第1期38卷 87-102页

作者： Rong Ge Xizhou Feng Pengfei Zou tyler Allen School of Computing Clemson UniversityClemsonSC 29634U.S.A. Meta Platform Inc.Menlo ParkCA 94025U.S.A. Amazon Inc.SeattleWA 98170U.S.A. University of North Carolina at Charlotte NC 27599U.S.A.

Modern computer systems are increasingly bounded by the available or permissible power at multiple layers from individual components to data *** cope with this reality,it is necessary to understand how power bounds im-pact performance,especially for systems built from high-end nodes,each consisting of multiple power hungry *** placing an inappropriate power bound on a node or a component can lead to severe performance loss,coordinat-ing power allocation among nodes and components is mandatory to achieve desired performance given a total power *** this article,we describe the paradigm of power bounded high-performance computing,which considers coordinated power bound assignment to be a key factor in computer system performance analysis and *** apply this paradigm to the problem of power coordination across multiple layers for both CPU and GPU *** several case studies,we demonstrate how the principles of balanced power coordination can be applied and adapted to the inter-play of workloads,hardware technology,and the available total power for performance improvement.

关键词： power bounded computing cross-component power coordination hierarchical power allocation

Emerging role of microRNAs in lipid metabolism

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2015年第2期5卷 145-150页

作者： Zhihong Yang tyler Cappello Li Wang Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and the Institute for Systems Genomics University of Connecticut Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System Department of Internal Medicine Section of Digestive Diseases Yale University

micro RNAs(mi RNAs or mi Rs) are small non-coding RNAs that are involved in posttranscriptional regulation of their target genes in a sequence-specific manner. Emerging evidence demonstrates that mi RNAs are critical regulators of lipid synthesis, fatty acid oxidation and lipoprotein formation and secretion. Dysregulation of mi RNAs disrupts gene regulatory network, leading to metabolic syndrome and its related diseases. In this review, we introduced epigenetic and transcriptional regulation of mi RNAs expression. We emphasized on several representative mi RNAs that are functionally involved into lipid metabolism, including mi R-33/33 n, mi R122, mi R27a/b, mi R378/378 n, mi R-34 a and mi *** the function of mi RNAs in lipid homeostasis may provide potential therapeutic strategies for fatty liver disease.

关键词： Lipid metabolism microRNAs Nuclear receptors

The Moduli Space in the Gauged Linear Sigma Model

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2017年第4期38卷 913-936页

作者： Huijun FAN tyler JARVIS Yongbin RUAN School of Mathematical Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China. Department of Mathematics Brigham Young University Provo UT 84602 USA. Department of Mathematics University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48105 USA.

This is a survey article for the mathematical theory of Witten's Gauged Linear Sigma Model, as developed recently by the authors. Instead of developing the theory in the most general setting, in this paper the authors... 详细信息

关键词： Landau-Ginzburg Calabi-Yau Gromov-Witten GLSM Moduli Phase Variation of geometric invariant theory Symplectic reduction

Intersystem crossing and exciton–defect coupling of spin defects in hexagonal boron nitride

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 537-544页

作者： tyler JSmart Kejun Li Junqing Xu Yuan Ping Department of Physics University of CaliforniaSanta CruzCAUSA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCAUSA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of CaliforniaSanta CruzCAUSA

Despite the recognition of two-dimensional(2D)systems as emerging and scalable host materials of single-photon emitters or spin qubits,the uncontrolled,and undetermined chemical nature of these quantum defects has been a roadblock to further *** the design of extrinsic defects can circumvent these persistent issues and provide an ultimate ***,we established a complete theoretical framework to accurately and systematically design quantum defects in wide-bandgap 2D *** this approach,essential static and dynamical properties are equally considered for spin qubit *** particular,many-body interactions such as defect–exciton couplings are vital for describing excited state properties of defects in ultrathin 2D ***,nonradiative processes such as phonon-assisted decay and intersystem crossing rates require careful evaluation,which competes together with radiative *** a thorough screening of defects based on firstprinciples calculations,we identify promising single-photon emitters such as SiVV and spin qubits such as TiVV and MoVV in hexagonal boron *** work provided a complete first-principles theoretical framework for defect design in 2D materials.

关键词： defect hexagonal boron

Update on endoscopic pancreatic function testing

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第35期17卷 3957-3961页

作者： tyler Stevens Mansour A Parsi Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Digestive Disease Institute The Cleveland Clinic FoundationCleveland OH 44195 United States

Hormone-stimulated pancreatic function tests (PFTs) are considered the gold standard for measuring pancreatic exocrine function. PFTs involve the administration of intravenous secretin or cholecystokinin, followed by collection and analysis of pancreatic secretions. Because exocrine function may decline in the earliest phase of pancreatic fibrosis, PFTs are considered accurate for diagnosing chronic pancreatitis. Unfortunately, these potentially valuable tests are infrequently performed except at specialized centers, because they are time consuming and complicated. To overcome these limitations, endoscopic PFT methods have been developed which include aspiration of pancreatic secretions through the suction channel of the endoscope. The secretin endoscopic pancreatic function test (ePFT) involves collection of duodenal aspirates at 15, 30, 45 and 60 min after secretin stimulation. A bicarbonate concentration greater than 80 mmol/L in any of the samples is considered a normal result. The secretin ePFT has demonstrated good sensitivity and specificity compared with various reference standards, including the "Dreiling tube" secretin PFT, endoscopic ultrasound, and surgical histology. Furthermore, a standard autoanalyzer can be used for bicarbonate analysis, which allows the secretin ePFT to be performed at any hospital. The secretin ePFT may complement imaging tests like endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in the diagnosis of early chronic *** paper will review the literature validating the use of ePFT in the diagnosis of exocrine insufficiency and chronic pancreatitis. Newer developments will also be discussed, including the feasibility of combined EUS/ ePFT, the use of cholecystokinin alone or in combination with secretin, and the discovery of new protein and lipid pancreatic juice biomarkers which may complement traditional fluid analysis.

关键词： Endoscopic pancreatic function test Pancreatic function testing Chronic pancreatitis Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency