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Polyethylene glycol has immunoprotective effects on sciatic allografts, but behavioral recovery and graft tolerance require neurorrhaphy and axonal fusion

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1192-1206页

作者： tyler A.Smith liwen Zhou Cameron l.Ghergherehchi Michelle Mikesh Cathy Z.Yang Haley O.Tucker JuliAnne Allgood Jared S.Bushman George D.Bittner Department of Molecular Biosciences University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Department of Neuroscience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of WyomingLaramieWYUSA

Behavioral recovery using(viable)peripheral nerve allografts to repair ablation-type(segmental-loss)peripheral nerve injuries is delayed or poor due to slow and inaccurate axonal ***,such peripheral nerve allografts undergo immunological rejection by the host immune *** contrast,peripheral nerve injuries repaired by polyethylene glycol fusion of peripheral nerve allografts exhibit excellent behavioral recovery within weeks,reduced immune responses,and many axons do not undergo Wallerian *** relative contribution of neurorrhaphy and polyethylene glycol-fusion of axons versus the effects of polyethylene glycol per se was unknown prior to this *** hypothesized that polyethylene glycol might have some immune-protective effects,but polyethylene glycol-fusion was necessary to prevent Wallerian degeneration and functional/behavioral *** examined how polyethylene glycol solutions per se affect functional and behavioral recovery and peripheral nerve allograft morphological and immunological responses in the absence of polyethylene glycol-induced axonal ***-type sciatic nerve injuries in outbred Sprague–Dawley rats were repaired according to a modified protocol using the same solutions as polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,but peripheral nerve allografts were loose-sutured(loose-sutured polyethylene glycol)with an intentional gap of 1–2 mm to prevent fusion by polyethylene glycol of peripheral nerve allograft axons with host *** to negative control peripheral nerve allografts not treated by polyethylene glycol and in contrast to polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,animals with loose-sutured polyethylene glycol peripheral nerve allografts exhibited Wallerian degeneration for all axons and myelin degeneration by 7 days postoperatively and did not recover sciatic-mediated behavioral functions by 42 days *** morphological signs of rejection,such as col

关键词： allograft rejection axotomy macrophage myelin nerve repair polyethylene glycol(PEG) sciatic nerve T cell transplantation Wallerian degeneration

A General Algorithm for Calculating Irreducible Brillouin Zones

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Communications in Computational Physics 2022年第2期31卷 495-515页

作者： Jeremy J.Jorgensen John E.Christensen tyler J.Jarvis Gus l.W.Hart Department of Physics and Astronomy Brigham Young UniversityProvoUtah84602USA Department ofMathematics BrighamYoungUniversityProvoUtah84602USA

Calculations of properties of materials require performing numerical integrals over the Brillouin zone(BZ).Integration points in density functional theory codes are uniformly spread over the BZ(despite integration error being concentrated in small regions of the BZ)and preserve symmetry to improve computational *** points over an irreducible Brillouin zone(IBZ),a rotationally distinct region of the BZ,do not have to preserve crystal symmetry for greater *** freedom allows the use of adaptive meshes with higher concentrations of points at locations of large error,resulting in improved algorithmic *** have created an algorithm for constructing an IBZ of any crystal structure in 2D and *** algorithmuses convex hull and half-space representations for the BZ and IBZ to make many aspects of construction and symmetry reduction of the BZ *** algorithm is simple,general,and available as open-source software.

关键词： Brillouin zone irreducible Brillouin zone

Significant lifetime Enhancement in QlEDs by Reducing Interfacial Charge Accumulation via Fluorine Incorporation in the ZnO Electron Transport layer

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Nano-Micro letters 2022年第12期14卷 432-446页

作者： Dong Seob Chung tyler Davidson-Hall Giovanni Cotella Quan lyu Peter Chun Hany Aziz Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Waterloo Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of Waterloo200 University Avenue WestWaterlooON N2L 3G1Canada Ipswich Research Centre Huawei Technologies Research&Development(UK)Ltd.Phoenix House(B55)Adastral ParkIpswich IP53REUK Ottawa IC laboratory Huawei Canada19 Allstate ParkwayMarkhamON L3R 5B4Canada

ZnO nanoparticles are widely used for the electron transport layers(ETls)of quantum dots light emitting devices(QlEDs).In this work we show that incorporating fluorine(F)into the ZnO ETl results in significant enhancement in device electroluminescence stability,leading to lT50 at 100 cd m^(−2) of 2,370,000 h in red QlED,47X longer than the control devices.X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy,time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy,photoluminescence and electrical measurements show that the F passivates oxygen vacancies and reduces electron traps in *** photoluminescence versus bias measurements and capacitance-voltage-luminance measurements reveal that the CF4 plasma-treated ETls lead to increased electron concentration in the QD and the QD/hole transport layer interface,subsequently decreasing hole accumulation,and hence the higher *** findings provide new insights into the critical roles that optimizing charge distribution across the layers play in influencing stability and present a novel and simple approach for extending QlED lifetimes.

关键词： Colloidal quantum dots Quantum dots light emitting device Device stability Zinc oxide nanoparticles Fluorine

Microbial electrosynthesis of acetate from CO_(2)under hypersaline conditions

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2023年第1期13卷 86-95页

作者： Xiaoting Zhang tyler Arbour Daijun Zhang Shiqiang Wei Korneel Rabaey College of Resources and Environment Southwest UniversityChongqing400715China Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology(CMET) Ghent UniversityCoupure Links 6539000GhentBelgium State Key laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China Center for Advanced Process Technology for Urban Resource Recovery(CAPTURE) Frieda Saeysstraat 19052GhentBelgium

Microbial electrosynthesis(MES)enables the bioproduction of multicarbon compounds from CO_(2)using electricity as the *** high salinity can improve the energetic performance of bioelectrochemical systems,acetogenic processes under elevated salinity are poorly *** MES under 35e60 g l^(-1)salinity was *** production in two-chamber MES systems at 35 g l^(-1)salinity(seawater composition)gradually decreased within 60 days,both under-1.2 V cathode potential(***/AgCl)and^(-1).56 A m^(-2)reductive *** precipitation on cathodes(mostly CaCO3)likely declined the production through inhibiting CO_(2)supply,the direct electrode contact for acetogens and H2 *** decreasing Ca2t and Mg2t levels in three-chamber reactors,acetate was stably produced over 137 days along with a low cathode apparent resistance at 1.9±0.6 mU m^(2)and an average production rate at 3.80±0.21 g m^(-2)d^(-1).Increasing the salinity step-wise from 35 to 60 g l^(-1)gave the most efficient acetate production at 40 g l^(-1)salinity with average rates of acetate production and CO_(2)consumption at 4.56±3.09 and 7.02±4.75 g m^(-2)d^(-1),*** instantaneous coulombic efficiency for VFA averaged 55.1±31.4%.Acetate production dropped at higher salinity likely due to the inhibited CO_(2)dissolution and acetogenic *** up to 78%was enriched on cathodes as the main acetogen at 35 g l^(-1).Under high-salinity selection,96.5%Acetobacterium dominated on the cathode along with 34.0%Sphaerochaeta in *** research provides a first proof of concept that MES starting from CO_(2)reduction can be achieved at elevated salinity.

关键词： Carbon capture and utilization High salinity Carbonate precipitates Acetogenesis Marine bacteria

Hydrogen-rich water exerts anti-tumor effects comparable to 5-fluorouracil in a colorectal cancer xenograft model

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第1期14卷 242-252页

作者： Fereshteh Asgharzadeh Alex Tarnava Asma Mostafapour Majid Khazaei tyler W leBaron Department of Physiology Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad ***Iran Drink HRW New WestminsterBC V3j0b6 Canada Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad ***Iran Centre of Experimental Medicine Institute for Heart Research Slovak Academy of SciencesBratislava 984104Slovakia Department of Kinesiology and Outdoor Recreation Southern Utah UniversityUT 84720United States Biological Research Molecular Hydrogen InstituteUT 84721United States Department of Physical Science Southern Utah UniversityUT 84720United States

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the *** removal remains the preferred frontline treatment;however,effective non-surgical interventions remain a high priority.5-fluorouracil(5-FU)is a widely used chemotherapy agent,and molecular hydrogen(H2)has been recognized for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects,with research also suggesting its potential anti-tumor ***,H2 dissolved in water[hydrogen-rich water(HRW)],with or without 5-FU,may present itself as a novel therapeutic for *** To investigate the effects of HRW,with or without 5-FU,as a novel therapeutic for *** CRC was induced in the left flank of inbred Balb/c mice.A total of 24 mice bearing tumors were randomly divided into four groups(n=6 per group)and treated as follows:(1)Control group;(2)5-FU group that received intraperitoneal injection of 5-FU(5 mg/kg)every other day;(3)H2 group that received HRW,created and delivered via dissolving the H2-generating tablet in the animals’drinking water,with 200μl also delivered by oral gavage;and(4)The combination group,H2(administered in same way as for group three)combined with 5-FU administered same way as group *** Administration of HRW+5-FU significantly improved tumor weight,tumor size,collagen content and fibrosis as compared to the CRC control ***,HRW attenuated oxidative stress(OS)and potentiated antioxidant activity(AA),whereas 5-FU treatment exacerbated OS and blunted *** combination of HRW+5-FU significantly reduced tumor weight and size,as well as reduced collagen deposition and the degree of fibrosis,while further increasing OS and decreasing AA compared to administration of 5-FU *** Administration of HRW,with or without 5-FU,may serve as a therapeutic for treating CRC.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Molecular hydrogen 5-fluorouracil Oxidative stress Antioxidants Inflammation

Hepatic pseudotumor associated with Strongyloides infection:A case report

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World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第12期15卷 1338-1343页

作者： Jessica P Gialanella tyler Steidl Kokkola Korpela Miral S Grandhi Russell C langan H Richard Alexander Rachel M Hudacko Brett l Ecker Department of Surgical Oncology Rutgers Cancer Institute of New JerseyNew BrunswickNJ 08901United States Rutgers New Jersey Medical School NewarkNJ 07103United States Department of Infectious Disease Cooperman Barnabas Medical CenterLivingstonNJ 07039United States Department of Pathology and labratory Medicine Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNJ 08901United States

BACKGROUND Strongyloides sterocoralis is a parasitic infection caused by a roundworm that is transmitted through soil contaminated with *** can infrequently cause hepatic abscesses in immunocompromised patients and is rarely reported to form hepatic lesions in immunocompetent *** SUMMARY We present a case study of a 45-year-old female who presented with right upper quadrant abdominal pain and constitutional symptoms for several *** imaging identified several malignant-appearing liver *** investigation,including serological testing and histopathologic examination,revealed the presence of serum Strongyloides antibodies and hepatic granulomas with extensive *** treatment with ivermectin for 2 wk,there was complete resolution of the liver lesions and associated *** This case highlights the importance of considering parasitic infections,such as Strongyloides,in the differential diagnosis of hepatic *** recognition and appropriate treatment can lead to a favorable outcome and prevent unnecessary invasive *** awareness among clinicians is crucial to ensure the timely diagnosis and management of such cases.

关键词： Hepatic tumor liver mass Strongyloides sterocoralis Parasitology Case report

Update on endoscopic pancreatic function testing

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第35期17卷 3957-3961页

作者： tyler Stevens Mansour A Parsi Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Digestive Disease Institute The Cleveland Clinic FoundationCleveland OH 44195 United States

Hormone-stimulated pancreatic function tests (PFTs) are considered the gold standard for measuring pancreatic exocrine function. PFTs involve the administration of intravenous secretin or cholecystokinin, followed by collection and analysis of pancreatic secretions. Because exocrine function may decline in the earliest phase of pancreatic fibrosis, PFTs are considered accurate for diagnosing chronic pancreatitis. Unfortunately, these potentially valuable tests are infrequently performed except at specialized centers, because they are time consuming and complicated. To overcome these limitations, endoscopic PFT methods have been developed which include aspiration of pancreatic secretions through the suction channel of the endoscope. The secretin endoscopic pancreatic function test (ePFT) involves collection of duodenal aspirates at 15, 30, 45 and 60 min after secretin stimulation. A bicarbonate concentration greater than 80 mmol/l in any of the samples is considered a normal result. The secretin ePFT has demonstrated good sensitivity and specificity compared with various reference standards, including the "Dreiling tube" secretin PFT, endoscopic ultrasound, and surgical histology. Furthermore, a standard autoanalyzer can be used for bicarbonate analysis, which allows the secretin ePFT to be performed at any hospital. The secretin ePFT may complement imaging tests like endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in the diagnosis of early chronic *** paper will review the literature validating the use of ePFT in the diagnosis of exocrine insufficiency and chronic pancreatitis. Newer developments will also be discussed, including the feasibility of combined EUS/ ePFT, the use of cholecystokinin alone or in combination with secretin, and the discovery of new protein and lipid pancreatic juice biomarkers which may complement traditional fluid analysis.

关键词：功能测试胰腺炎内镜胆囊收缩素分泌功能参考标准碳酸氢盐自动分析仪

Modeling the influence of livestock grazing pressure on grassland bird distributions

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Ecological Processes 2020年第1期9卷 488-498页

作者： Rachel R.Fern Michael l.Morrison William E.Grant Hsiaohsuan Wang tyler A.Campbell Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences Texas A&M UniversityWFES Building2258 TAMU534 John Kimbrough BlvdCollege StationTX 77843-2258USA East Foundation San AntonioTX 78216USA

Background:The influence of vegetative changes due to livestock grazing on grassland birds is well-recognized because these birds are heavily influenced by vegetative ***,species distribution models(SDMs)use direct variables,resources that the animal consumes or requires to persist in an area(e.g.,water)to define and project a species’niche and *** variables,which are features the animal does not consume or require for persistence but with which it may still interact,are often *** objective was to improve the traditional SDMs projecting the distribution of three summer resident South Texas grassland birds(Northern Bobwhite Colinus virginianus,Eastern Meadowlark Sturnella magna,and Cassin’s Sparrow Peucaea cassinii)by incorporating livestock grazing pressure,an indirect variable,into five SDM algorithms:BioClim,generalized linear model,MaxEnt,boosted regression tree,and random *** collected data from the Coloraditas Grazing Research and Demonstration Area(CGRDA),a 7684-ha area located on the San Antonio Viejo Ranch(SAV)in South *** used several relevant environmental characteristics to build SDMs and compared model performance(AUC and TSS)with and without grazing pressure as an indirect ***:Machine learning models(MaxEnt and random forest)had the highest predictive performance for all species,with random forest being the most consistent for each *** and generalized linear model remained constant or only marginally improved with the addition of the grazing ***:Our findings suggest that model selection for SDM should include consideration of species prevalence,and machine-learning algorithms should be preferred when the target species is of low or unknown ***,livestock grazing has measurable influence on grassland bird species’distributions and should be included in SDMs as an indirect variable in addition to associated vegetative changes.

关键词： Birds Grassland Grazing livestock Species distribution model Texas

Subcutaneous fatty acid composition of steers finished as weanlings or yearlings with and without growth promotants

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2014年第1期5卷 98-105页

作者： Cletos Mapiye tyler D Turner John A Basarab Vern S Baron Jennifer l Aalhus Michael ER Dugan Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Lacombe Research Centre 6000 C & E Trail Lacombe Alberta T4L 1 W1 Canada Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development Lacombe Research Centre 6000 C & E Trail Lacombe Alberta T4L 1 W1 Canada

Background： The current study evaluated the subcutaneous fatty acid （FA） composition of calf- and yearling-fed steer with or without growth promoting implants. Crossbred steers （n = 112; 267 ± 5.0 kg） of the same contemporary group were allocated to one of four production system and implant strategy based treatments in a completely randomized design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Results： There were no interactions （P 〉 0.05） between production systems and growth promoting implants for the total and individual subcutaneous FA. Yearling as opposed to calf finishing reduced （P 〈 0.05） subcutaneous proportions of C20：3n-6, trans （t）l 2-18：1, C14：0, several minor cis-monounsaturated FA （c-MUFA; c9-14：1, c11-16：1, cl 1-18：1, cl 2-18：1, cl 3-18：1, c9-20：1 and cl 1-20：1）, and increased （P 〈 0.05） subcutaneous proportions of tl 1 cl 5-18：2, total and individual branched-chain FA. Subcutaneous fat from steers implanted with growth promotants had higher （P 〈 0.05） proportions of total polyunsaturated FA （PUFA）, total n-6 PUFA, C18：2n-6 and individual t-18：1 isomers （t6 to tl0） compared to non-implanted steers. Conclusions： Overall, current findings show that production systems and growth promotants led to only minor differences in subcutaneous FA composition of beef steers.

关键词： Age at feedlot entry Beef Fatty acids Growth implant Steers