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Mannose metabolism normalizes gut homeostasis by blocking the TNF-α-mediated proinflammatory circuit

Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第2期20卷 119-130页

作者： Peng Xiao Ziwei Hu Jiaheng Lang Tianyuan Pan Randall tyler Mertens Huilun Zhang Ke Guo Manlu Shen Hongqiang Cheng Xue Zhang Qian Cao Yuehai Ke Department of Gastroenterology Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Department of Gastroenterology at Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Immunological Disease Research Center Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Key Laboratory for Immunity and Inflammatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province HangzhouChina Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Department of General Medicine The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Department of Immunology Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems and Precision Medicine Zhejiang University Medical CenterHangzhouChina

Mannose is a naturally occurring sugar widely consumed in the daily diet;however,mechanistic insights into how mannose metabolism affects intestinal inflammation remain ***,we reported that mannose supplementation ameliorated colitis development and promoted colitis ***-secreted inflammatory cytokines,particularly TNF-α,induced pathological endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)in intestinal epithelial cells(IECs),which was prevented by mannose via normalization of protein *** preserving epithelial integrity,mannose reduced the inflammatory activation of colonic *** the other hand,mannose directly suppressed macrophage TNF-αproduction translationally by reducing the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate level,thus promoting GAPDH binding to TNF-α***,we found dysregulated mannose metabolism in the colonic mucosa of patients with inflammatory bowel ***,we revealed that activating PMM2 activity with epalrestat,a clinically approved drug for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy,elicited further sensitization to the therapeutic effect of ***,mannose metabolism prevents TNF-α-mediated pathogenic crosstalk between IECs and intestinal macrophages,thereby normalizing aberrant immunometabolism in the gut.

关键词： Colitis Mannose Macrophages Intestinal epithelial cells TNF-alpha Endoplasmic reticulum stress

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垂向和侧向非均质性的半定量分类——一种提高常规采收率的预测手段

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地质科技通报 1991年第4期 67-68页

作者： N.tyler 李蕙生

按现代技术和发展水平,得克萨斯州石油储层的最终采收率预计是原地石油的36％。因此,在证实储量回采之后,在全州范围内已发现的165×10～9桶石油,有106×10～9桶目前仍残留在储层中。这种剩余储量包括残余油(71×10～9桶)和可动油(35×1... 详细信息

按现代技术和发展水平,得克萨斯州石油储层的最终采收率预计是原地石油的36％。因此,在证实储量回采之后,在全州范围内已发现的165×10～9桶石油,有106×10～9桶目前仍残留在储层中。这种剩余储量包括残余油(71×10～9桶)和可动油(35×10～9桶)。残余可动油通常也可被回采,但由于储层内隔层或界面的存在,而被阻止运移到井孔内。

关键词：非均质性垂向储层构型侧向采收率

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Predicting densities and elastic moduli of SiO_(2)-based glasses by machine learning

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 1455-1467页

作者： Yong-Jie Hu Ge Zhao Mingfei Zhang Bin Bin tyler Del Rose Qian Zhao Qun Zu Yang Chen Xuekun Sun Maarten de Jong Liang Qi Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Department of Statistics Pennsylvania State UniversityState CollegePA 16802USA Fariborz Maseeh Department of Mathematics and Statistics Portland State UniversityPortlandOR 97207USA Sinoma Science&Technology Co. Ltd.210012 NanjingJiangsuChina Continental Technology LLC IndianapolisIN 46033USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA Space Exploration Technologies(SpaceX) HawthorneCA 90250USA

Chemical design of SiO_(2)-based glasses with high elastic moduli and low weight is of great ***,it is difficult to find a universal expression to predict the elastic moduli according to the glass composition before synthesis since the elastic moduli are a complex function of interatomic bonds and their ordering at different length *** we show that the densities and elastic moduli of SiO_(2)-based glasses can be efficiently predicted by machine learning(ML)techniques across a complex compositional space with multiple(>10)types of additive oxides besides SiO_(2).Our machine learning approach relies on a training set generated by high-throughput molecular dynamic(MD)simulations,a set of elaborately constructed descriptors that bridges the empirical statistical modeling with the fundamental physics of interatomic bonding,and a statistical learning/predicting model developed by implementing least absolute shrinkage and selection operator with a gradient boost machine(GBM-LASSO).

关键词： glasses moduli bridges

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美国新毕业家庭医生寻找产科相关工作的体验

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中国全科医学 2020年第22期23卷 2749-2756页

作者： Aimee R Eden tyler Barreto Elizabeth Rose Hansen Department of Research and Policy American Board of Family MedicineLexingtonKentuckyUSA Family and Community Medicine University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA

背景足够的产科家庭医生对于确保患者获取必需的产科服务至关重要。然而,既往研究表明执业范围包含产科的家庭医生数量正在逐年减少,如今从事新生儿接生工作的家庭医生不到10%。目的旨在探究希望将产科纳入其执业范围的新毕业家庭医生... 详细信息

背景足够的产科家庭医生对于确保患者获取必需的产科服务至关重要。然而,既往研究表明执业范围包含产科的家庭医生数量正在逐年减少,如今从事新生儿接生工作的家庭医生不到10%。目的旨在探究希望将产科纳入其执业范围的新毕业家庭医生如何发现和选择工作,并进一步了解当前就业形势对家庭医生的执业范围,特别是产科、新生儿接生方面的影响。方法于2017年进行问卷调查和定性访谈的混合方法研究。对美国家庭医生进行电子问卷调查并在目的性子抽样后对这些医生进行深度半结构化电话访谈。问卷调查总结了家庭医生未从事产科工作的原因,为进一步明确选择从事产科工作的家庭医生的具体情况,采用基于群体的沉浸式方法来转译定性访谈的结果。本研究向2098例毕业于2014—2016年并希望从事新生儿接生工作的美国家庭医学专业实习医生发送调查问卷,回复1016份,回复率48.43%,其中56例接受了电话访谈。结果问卷调查结果显示,未能找到工作范围包含产科的工作是希望从事产科工作的家庭医学毕业生未从事该工作的主要原因。定性访谈结果显示,家庭医生通常通过人脉关系或人才招聘的途径找到产科相关工作,并根据地理位置偏好、家庭义务及生活方式要求等个人考虑因素做出选择。同时,求职过程和择业决策也受到工作结构、执业特点及缺乏产科相工作经验等因素的限制。结论虽然个人意向决定大部分医学生的工作选择,但其选择仍受到多种不可控因素限制,特别是家庭医学工作提供产科相关工作的能力。美国毕业医学生从医院实习生到执业医师的转变同时影响着毕业生的求职选择和医疗机构患者寻求医疗服务的质量。因此,了解就业情况对家庭医生就业范围的影响方式,有助于进一步明确如何协助家庭医生在其希望从事的范围内工作并对其进行相应协助,从而确保每一个家庭可以获得更好的医疗服务。

关键词：混合方法学家庭医生产科毕业生美国

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Intrinsic carrier multiplication in layered Bi_(2)O_(2)Se avalanche photodiodes with gain bandwidth product exceeding 1 GHz

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Nano Research 2021年第6期14卷 1961-1966页

作者： Vinod K.Sangwan Joohoon Kang David Lam J.tyler Gish Spencer A.Wells Jan Luxa James P.Male GJeffrey Snyder Zdenek Sofer Mark C.Hersam Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL60208USA Department of Inorganic Chemistry University of Chemistry and Technology PragueTechnicka 516628Prague 6Czech Republic Department of Chemistry Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL60208USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL60208USA

Emerging layered semiconductors present multiple advantages for optoelectronic technologies including high carrier mobilities,strong light-matter interactions,and tunable optical absorption and ***,metal-semiconductor-metal avalanche photodiodes(APDs)are fabricated from Bi2O2Se crystals,which consist of electrostatically bound[Bi2O2]2+and[Se]2−*** resulting APDs possess an intrinsic carrier multiplication factor up to 400 at 7 K with a responsivity gain exceeding 3,000 A/W and bandwidth of~400 kHz at a visible wavelength of 515.6 nm,ultimately resulting in a gain bandwidth product exceeding 1 *** to exceptionally low dark currents,Bi2O2Se APDs also yield high detectivities up to 4.6×1014 Jones.A systematic analysis of the photocurrent temperature and bias dependence reveals that the carrier multiplication process in Bi2O2Se APDs is consistent with a reverse biased Schottky diode model with a barrier height of~44 meV,in contrast to the charge trapping extrinsic gain mechanism that dominates most layered semiconductor *** this manner,layered Bi2O2Se APDs provide a unique platform that can be exploited in a diverse range of high-performance photodetector applications.

关键词： layered semiconductor photodetector high-frequency Schottky diode impact ionization

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Effect of New Auxin Herbicide Formulations on Control of Herbicide Resistant Weeds and on Microbial Activities in the Rhizosphere

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第17期7卷 2429-2439页

作者： Vijay K. Nandula Heather L. tyler Crop Production Systems Research Unit U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Stoneville MS USA

Widespread distribution of glyphosate-resistant weeds in soybean-growing areas across Mississippi has economically affected soybean planting and follow-up crop management operations. New multiple herbicide-resistant crop (including soybean) technologies with associated formulations will soon be commercialized. The objectives of this research were to determine the efficacy of new 2,4-D + glyphosate and dicamba formulations on herbicide resistant weeds, and to determine the impact of the new 2,4-D + glyphosate formulation on microbial communities in the soybean rhizosphere involved in nutrient cycling. New 2,4-D + glyphosate and dicamba formulations registered for use on 2,4-D and dicamba-resistant soybean, respectively, adequately controlled glyphosate resistant and susceptible pigweeds (Palmer amaranth and tall waterhemp) and common ragweed. The 2,4-D + glyphosate formulation did not significantly impact soil microbial activities linked to nutrient cycling in the soybean rhizosphere. These results indicate these new 2,4-D + glyphosate and dicamba formulations can be effective in controlling glyphosate resistant and other herbicide resistant weeds while not having adverse effects on the activities of beneficial soil microorganisms.

关键词： 2 4-D Dicamba Glyphosate Resistance Soil Microbiology Soybean

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Central endoscopy reads in inflammatory bowel disease clinical trials:The role of the imaging core lab

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Gastroenterology Report 2014年第3期2卷 201-206页

作者： Harris Ahmad tyler M.Berzin Hui Jing Yu Christopher S.Huang Daniel S.Mishkin Medical Affairs BioClinica Inc.NewtownPennsylvaniaUSA Division of Gastroenterology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBoston MAUSA Section of Gastroenterology Boston Medical CenterBoston University School of MedicineBostonMAUSA Division of Gastroenterology Granite Medical GroupBoston Medical CenterBostonMAUSA

Clinical trials in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)are evolving at a rapid pace by employing central reading for endoscopic mucosal assessment in a field that was,historically,largely based on assessments by local *** transition from local to central reading carries with it numerous technical,operational,and scientific challenges,many of which can be resolved by imaging core laboratories(ICLs),a concept that has a longer history in clinical trials in a number of diseases outside the realm of *** IBD trials,ICLs have the dual goals of providing objective,consistent assessments of endoscopic findings using central-reading paradigms whilst providing important expertise with regard to operational issues and regulatory *** review focuses on current approaches to using ICLs for central endoscopic reading in IBD trials.

关键词： inflammatory bowel disease clinical trials imaging core laboratorie

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Living in the environment 13th ed.

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2004年

作者： Miller G. tyler

本书为影印教材，其原版教材广泛应用于世界各地。本书以“可持续性”为主线阐述了人类及其活动与环境的关系。全书包含6个部分的内容。第一部分介绍人类与可持续发展的关系；第二部分介绍相关的科学原理和理念；第三部分为人口、资源... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)7040155907

本书为影印教材，其原版教材广泛应用于世界各地。本书以“可持续性”为主线阐述了人类及其活动与环境的关系。全书包含6个部分的内容。第一部分介绍人类与可持续发展的关系；第二部分介绍相关的科学原理和理念；第三部分为人口、资源与可持续性的关系；第四部分主要阐述环境质量与环境问题，包括大气污染、气候变化、臭氧层破坏、水污染、农药与害虫防治、固体及危险废物；第五部分阐述保护生物多样性及城市发展等问题；第六部分为环境与社会。全书资料极为丰富、数据新，并配以生动、形象、有趣的插图，深受广大读者喜爱，以致于该书连续再版，至今已达到13版。本书配有光盘1张，利用彩色的图表和动画生动地表现了教材中重要的知识点。此外，为便于教师教学，该书另配有电子教案、习题库；为便于学生进一步掌握相关的知识，网上设有学习指南、在线测试等教学辅助栏目。本书可作为大学生环境教育教材，也可作为环境类专业学生专业英语教材。

关键词： Environmental policy.

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冕环膨胀过程中激波与间断面形成机理的双流体模拟研究

冕环膨胀过程中激波与间断面形成机理的双流体模拟研究

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作者： tyler Edward Bagwell 浙江大学

学位级别：硕士

各种观测表明太阳耀斑、日冕物质抛射、以及日冕加热等日冕大气活动与冕环膨胀密切相关。本论文将利用理想双流体（电子-离子）模拟研究在光球层剪切流作用下冕环膨胀所导致的各种动力学过程。我们发现,在外环区,双流体数值模拟的结果... 详细信息

各种观测表明太阳耀斑、日冕物质抛射、以及日冕加热等日冕大气活动与冕环膨胀密切相关。本论文将利用理想双流体（电子-离子）模拟研究在光球层剪切流作用下冕环膨胀所导致的各种动力学过程。我们发现,在外环区,双流体数值模拟的结果与早期磁流体模拟存在显著差异。在冕环膨胀过程中,在冕环锋面区域相对独立的电子与离子运动导致电荷分离。此电荷分离引起的静电场在冕环膨胀过程中会持续增强。这个额外的静电场力,与磁压和热压力一起,驱动冕环加速膨胀,使得冕环锋面逐渐变得越来越陡峭的间断面。当冕环锋面膨胀的速度超过当地磁声波时,间断面演变成为垂直快激波。另外,还发现在垂直快激波有利于对离子加热。在数值模拟研究中,由于计算条件的限制,我们所选取的某些参数与实际观测数据有较大距离,所以我们对相关参数进行了参数扫描。发现:（1）最大剪切速度的大小不影响快激波的形成和传播速度但是会影响激波的强度;（2）离子与电子的质量比mi/me与电荷分离强度呈线性相关,但基本不改变激波的传播速度;（3）光速和光球层处阿尔芬速度的比值c/v0不影响归一化后的静电场以及激波的演变过程;（4）归一化离子惯性长度的大小基本不影响激波的形成和传播速度。

关键词：激波间断面日冕冕环双流体

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Assessment of an Outdoor Large Sports Event

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Journal of Sports Science 2014年第1期2卷 27-31页

作者： tyler Tapps Timothy Baghurst Jennifer Volberding School of Applied Health and Educational Psychology Northwest Missouri State University Maryville MO 64468 USA School of Applied Health and Educational Psychology Oklahoma State University Stillwater OK 74078 USA

The purpose of this manuscript was to discuss the findings and results of a large scale assessment of an outdoor sports event. An additional purpose was to develop a step-by-step methodology for instructor on how to implement an evaluation of a large recreation event in order to assist other organizations wishing to host or improve upon their own large-scale events. Large scale events have the potential to attract a large audience which can lead to many benefits for the instructors or organizers. The example used in this study was a large-scale event called the Oklahoma Wildlife Expo, which is the largest annual event hosted by the ODWC （Oklahoma Department of Wildlife and Conservation）. Its purpose is to emphasize the importance of wildlife conservation and provide an opportunity for the public to experience various outdoor recreation activities such as fishing, shooting, archery, and canoeing. Since visitors＇ assessment of the event is essential for future improvement, The Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation has collaborated with academic institutions in order to conduct impartial research on visitors＇ perceptions regarding their experience at the event. The sample for this study suggested that all of the participants were highly satisfied with their overall experience. Findings are discussed and best-practices are suggested in order to assist other evaluators in their large-scale events in improving their data collection methodology as well as their event in general.

关键词： Outdoor sports assessment event planning.

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