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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第1期14卷 39-42页

作者： tyler j.dause Elizabeth D.Kirby Department of Psychology The Ohio State University Department of Neuroscience The Ohio State University Chronic Brain Injury Program The Ohio State University

Cognitive impairment is a consequence of the normal aging process that effects many species, including humans and rodent models. Decline in hippocampal memory function is especially prominent with age and often reduces quality of life. As the aging population expands, the need for interventional strategies to prevent cognitive decline has become more pressing. Fortunately, several major lifestyle factors have proven effective at combating hippocampal aging, the most well-known of which are environmental enrichment and exercise. While the evidence supporting the beneficial nature of these factors is substantial, a less well-understood factor may also contribute to healthy cognitive aging: social engagement. We review the evidence supporting the role of social engagement in preserving hippocampal function in old age. In elderly humans, high levels of social engagement correlate with better hippocampal function, yet there is a dearth of work to indicate a causative role. Existing rodent literature is also limited but has begun to provide causative evidence and establish candidate mechanisms. Summed together, while many unanswered questions remain, it is clear that social engagement is a viable lifestyle factor for preserving cognitive function in old age. Social integration across the lifespan warrants more investigation and more appreciation when designing living circumstances for the elderly.

关键词：生活方式年龄相关社会衰落啮齿类动物优雅老化过程动物模型

A General Algorithm for Calculating Irreducible Brillouin Zones

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Communications in Computational Physics 2022年第2期31卷 495-515页

作者： jeremy j.jorgensen john E.Christensen tyler j.jarvis Gus L.W.Hart Department of Physics and Astronomy Brigham Young UniversityProvoUtah84602USA Department ofMathematics BrighamYoungUniversityProvoUtah84602USA

Calculations of properties of materials require performing numerical integrals over the Brillouin zone(BZ).Integration points in density functional theory codes are uniformly spread over the BZ(despite integration error being concentrated in small regions of the BZ)and preserve symmetry to improve computational *** points over an irreducible Brillouin zone(IBZ),a rotationally distinct region of the BZ,do not have to preserve crystal symmetry for greater *** freedom allows the use of adaptive meshes with higher concentrations of points at locations of large error,resulting in improved algorithmic *** have created an algorithm for constructing an IBZ of any crystal structure in 2D and *** algorithmuses convex hull and half-space representations for the BZ and IBZ to make many aspects of construction and symmetry reduction of the BZ *** algorithm is simple,general,and available as open-source software.

关键词： Brillouin zone irreducible Brillouin zone

Hydrogen-rich water exerts anti-tumor effects comparable to 5-fluorouracil in a colorectal cancer xenograft model

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World journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第1期14卷 242-252页

作者： Fereshteh Asgharzadeh Alex Tarnava Asma Mostafapour Majid Khazaei tyler W LeBaron Department of Physiology Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad ***Iran Drink HRW New WestminsterBC V3j0b6 Canada Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad ***Iran Centre of Experimental Medicine Institute for Heart Research Slovak Academy of SciencesBratislava 984104Slovakia Department of Kinesiology and Outdoor Recreation Southern Utah UniversityUT 84720United States Biological Research Molecular Hydrogen InstituteUT 84721United States Department of Physical Science Southern Utah UniversityUT 84720United States

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the *** removal remains the preferred frontline treatment;however,effective non-surgical interventions remain a high priority.5-fluorouracil(5-FU)is a widely used chemotherapy agent,and molecular hydrogen(H2)has been recognized for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects,with research also suggesting its potential anti-tumor ***,H2 dissolved in water[hydrogen-rich water(HRW)],with or without 5-FU,may present itself as a novel therapeutic for *** To investigate the effects of HRW,with or without 5-FU,as a novel therapeutic for *** CRC was induced in the left flank of inbred Balb/c mice.A total of 24 mice bearing tumors were randomly divided into four groups(n=6 per group)and treated as follows:(1)Control group;(2)5-FU group that received intraperitoneal injection of 5-FU(5 mg/kg)every other day;(3)H2 group that received HRW,created and delivered via dissolving the H2-generating tablet in the animals’drinking water,with 200μL also delivered by oral gavage;and(4)The combination group,H2(administered in same way as for group three)combined with 5-FU administered same way as group *** Administration of HRW+5-FU significantly improved tumor weight,tumor size,collagen content and fibrosis as compared to the CRC control ***,HRW attenuated oxidative stress(OS)and potentiated antioxidant activity(AA),whereas 5-FU treatment exacerbated OS and blunted *** combination of HRW+5-FU significantly reduced tumor weight and size,as well as reduced collagen deposition and the degree of fibrosis,while further increasing OS and decreasing AA compared to administration of 5-FU *** Administration of HRW,with or without 5-FU,may serve as a therapeutic for treating CRC.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Molecular hydrogen 5-fluorouracil Oxidative stress Antioxidants Inflammation

Forces and energetics of intermittent swimming

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2017年第4期33卷 725-732页

作者： Daniel Floryan tyler Van Buren Alexander j.Smits Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544 USA

Experiments are reported on intermittent swimming motions. Water tunnel experiments on a nominally two-dimensional pitching foil show that the mean thrust and power scale linearly with the duty cycle, from a value of 0.2 all the way up to continuous motions, indicating that individual bursts of activity in intermittent motions are independent of each other. This conclusion is corroborated by particle image velocimetry（PIV） flow visualizations, which show that the main vortical structures in the wake do not change with duty cycle. The experimental data also demonstrate that intermittent motions are generally energetically advantageous over continuous motions. When metabolic energy losses are taken into account, this conclusion is maintained for metabolic power fractions less than 1.

关键词： intermittent swimming maintained conclusion cycle thrust favorable producing aquatic circles

Diagnostic and therapeutic direct peroral cholangioscopy using an intraductal anchoring balloon

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第30期18卷 3992-3996页

作者： Mansour A Parsi tyler Stevens john j Vargo Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Digestive Disease InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States

AIM:To report our experience using a recently introduced anchoring balloon for diagnostic and therapeutic direct peroral cholangioscopy(DPOC).METHODS:Consecutive patients referred for diagnostic or therapeutic peroral cholangioscopy were evaluated in a prospective cohort *** patients underwent DPOC using an intraductal anchoring balloon,which was recently introduced to allow consistent access to the biliary tree with an ultraslim upper *** device was later voluntarily withdrawn from the market by the ***:Fourteen patients underwent DPOC using the anchoring *** access with an ultraslim upper endoscope was accomplished in all 14 *** 12(86%) patients,ductal access required sphincteroplasty with a 10-mm dilating *** placement of the ultraslim upper endoscope allowed satisfactory visualization of the biliary mucosa to the level of the confluence of the right and left hepatic ducts in 13 of 14 patients(93%).Therapeutic interventions by DPOC were successfully completed in all five attempted cases(intraductal biopsy in one and DPOC guided laser lithotripsy in four).Adverse events occurred in a patient on immunosuppressive therapy who developed an intrahepatic biloma at the site of the anchoring *** required hospitalization and *** endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography 8 wk after the index procedure showed resolution of the ***:Use of this anchoring balloon allowed consistent access to the biliary tree for performance of diagnostic and therapeutic DPOC distal to the biliary bifurcation.

关键词：住院治疗气球胆道诊断口服锚固管内显示分辨率

Machine learning guided discovery of ternary compounds involving La and immiscible Co and Pb elements

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 2462-2470页

作者： Renhai Wang Weiyi Xia tyler jSlade Xinyu Fan Huafeng Dong Kai-Ming Ho Paul C.Canfield Cai-Zhuang Wang School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Guangdong University of Technology510006GuangzhouChina Department of Physics and Astronomy Iowa State UniversityAmesIA50011USA Ames Laboratory-USDOE Iowa State UniversityAmesIA50011USA Department of Physics University of Science and Technology of China230026HefeiChina

Ternary compounds with an immiscible pair of elements are relatively unexplored but promising for novel quantum materials *** what third element and its ratio that can be added to make stable ternary compounds out of an immiscible pair of elements remains a great *** this work,we combine a machine learning(ML)method with ab initio calculations to efficiently search for the energetically favorable ternary La-Co-Pb compounds containing immiscible elements Co and *** previously reported structures are correctly captured by our ***,we predict a ground state La_(3)CoPb compound and 57 low-energy La-Co-Pb ternary *** to synthesize La_(3)CoPb via multiple techniques produce mixed or multi-phases samples with,at best,ambiguous signals of the predicted lowest-energy La_(3)CoPb and the second lowest-energy La_(18)Co_(28)Pb_(3)*** calculated results of Gibbs free energy are consistent with experiments,and will provide very useful guidance for further experimental synthesis.

关键词： elements immiscible ternary

Radiographic features and behaviors of neuroendocrine tumors:can we judge a book by its cover?

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2021年第4期10卷 573-574页

作者： tyler j.Mouw Charles R.Scoggins Hiram C.Polk JrMD Department of SurgeryDivision of Surgical OncologyUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA

Gastrointestinal and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors are uncommon diseases which can have a varied clinical *** category of tumor includes functional and non-functional variants and despite the common developmental pathway for the cells of origin,the tumor subtypes can demonstrate strikingly different *** to the rarity and heterogeneous courses of this family of tumors.

关键词： tumors neuroendocrine diseases

Intersystem crossing and exciton–defect coupling of spin defects in hexagonal boron nitride

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 537-544页

作者： tyler jSmart Kejun Li junqing Xu Yuan Ping Department of Physics University of CaliforniaSanta CruzCAUSA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCAUSA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of CaliforniaSanta CruzCAUSA

Despite the recognition of two-dimensional(2D)systems as emerging and scalable host materials of single-photon emitters or spin qubits,the uncontrolled,and undetermined chemical nature of these quantum defects has been a roadblock to further *** the design of extrinsic defects can circumvent these persistent issues and provide an ultimate ***,we established a complete theoretical framework to accurately and systematically design quantum defects in wide-bandgap 2D *** this approach,essential static and dynamical properties are equally considered for spin qubit *** particular,many-body interactions such as defect–exciton couplings are vital for describing excited state properties of defects in ultrathin 2D ***,nonradiative processes such as phonon-assisted decay and intersystem crossing rates require careful evaluation,which competes together with radiative *** a thorough screening of defects based on firstprinciples calculations,we identify promising single-photon emitters such as SiVV and spin qubits such as TiVV and MoVV in hexagonal boron *** work provided a complete first-principles theoretical framework for defect design in 2D materials.

关键词： defect hexagonal boron

Mechanistic insights of enhanced spin polaron conduction in CuO through atomic doping

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npj Computational Materials 2018年第1期4卷 154-161页

作者： tyler j.Smart Allison C.Cardiel Feng Wu Kyoung-Shin Choi Yuan Ping Department of Physics University of CaliforniaSanta CruzCA 95064USA Department of Chemistry University of WisconsinMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of CaliforniaSanta CruzCA 95064USA

The formation of a“spin polaron”stems from strong spin-charge-lattice interactions in magnetic oxides,which leads to a localization of carriers accompanied by local magnetic polarization and lattice *** example,cupric oxide(CuO),which is a promising photocathode material and shares important similarities with high Tc superconductors,conducts holes through spin polaron hopping with flipped spins at Cu atoms where a spin polaron has *** formation of these spin polarons results in an activated hopping conduction process where the carriers must not only overcome strong electron−phonon coupling but also strong magnetic ***,these effects cause low carrier conduction in CuO and hinder its *** overcome this fundamental limitation,we demonstrate from first-principles calculations how doping can improve hopping conduction through simultaneous improvement of hole concentration and hopping mobility in magnetic oxides such as ***,using Li doping as an example,we show that Li has a low ionization energy that improves hole concentration,and lowers the hopping barrier through both the electron−phonon and magnetic couplings'reduction that improves hopping ***,this improved conduction predicted by theory is validated through the synthesis of Li-doped CuO electrodes which show enhanced photocurrent compared to pristine CuO *** conclude that doping with nonmagnetic shallow impurities is an effective strategy to improve hopping conductivities in magnetic oxides.

关键词： conduction doping polaron

Outcomes after arthroscopic repair of rotator cuff tears in the setting of mild to moderate glenohumeral osteoarthritis

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World journal of Orthopedics 2022年第7期13卷 631-643页

作者： Ian S Hong Allison j Rao tyler L CarlLee joshua D Meade Daniel j Hurwit Gregory Scarola David P Trofa Shadley C Schiffern Nady Hamid Patrick M Connor james E Fleischli Bryan Michael Saltzman Department of Orthopedic Surgery Atrium Health Musculoskeletal InstituteCharlotteNC 28207United States Department of Sports Medicine Orthocarolina Research InstituteCharlotteNC 28207United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew York CityNY 10032United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Carolinas Medical CenterCharlotteNC 28207United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery OrthoCarolina Sports Medicine CenterCharlotteNC 28207United States

BACKGROUND Rotator cuff pathology is a very common source of shoulder ***,osteoarthritis of the glenohumeral joint can cause shoulder pain and produce similar *** management can be indicated for both pathologies,however,outcomes data is limited when examining rotator cuff repair(RCR) in the setting of glenohumeral arthritis(GHOA).Thus,this study sought to determine outcomes for patients who undergo RCR in the setting of *** To evaluate if a relationship exists between outcomes of RCR in the setting of *** This was a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with concurrent glenohumeral osteoarthritis between *** were stratified based on rotator cuff tear size and glenohumeral osteoarthritis *** were paired 1:1 with patients without glenohumeral *** included had a minimum two year *** of conversion to total shoulder arthroplasty,complication rates following initial surgery,and patient-reported outcome measures were *** A total of 142 patients were *** number of patients that required total shoulder arthroplasty within two years after index surgery was low.2/71(2.8%) patients with GHOA,and 1/71(1.4%) without *** rotator cuff repair,both groups showed favorable patientreported *** Patients with glenohumeral osteoarthritis who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair showed comparable outcomes to patients without glenohumeral osteoarthritis.

关键词： Rotator cuff repair Rotator cuff tear Glenohumeral osteoarthritis Shoulder Arthroscopic Outcomes