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Defect suppression and energy level alignment in formamidinium-based perovskite solar cells

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第4期31卷 65-72页

作者： Yi Wang Xiaobing Wang Chenhui Wang Renying Cheng Lanxin Zhao Xu Wang Xuewen Zhang Jingzhi Shang Huang Zhang Lichen Zhao Yongguang tu Wei Huang Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics(IFE)&Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072ShaanxiChina Engineering Research Centre of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials Ministry of EducationFujian Engineering Research Centre of Green Functional MaterialsHuaqiao UniversityXiamen 361021FujianChina Honors College Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072ShaanxiChina State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics School of PhysicsFrontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics&Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum MatterPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics(KLoFE)&Institution of Advanced Materials(IAM) Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials(SICAM)Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816JiangsuChina Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics&Information Displays(KLOEID)&Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM) Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023JiangsuChina

The vast majority of high-performance perovskite solar cells(PSCs) are based on a formamidinium lead iodide(faPbI_(3))-dominant composition. Nevertheless, the fa-based perovskite films suffer from undesirable phase transition and defects-induced non-ideal interfacial recombination, which significantly induces energy loss and hinders the improvement of device performance. Herein, we employed 4-fluorophenylmethylammonium iodide(F-PMAI) to modulate surface structure and energy level alignment of the fa-based perovskite films. The superior optoelectronic films were obtained with reduced trap density, pure α-phase faPbI_(3) and favorable energy band bending. The lifetime of photogenerated charge carriers increased from 489.3 ns to 1010.6 ns, and a more “p-type” perovskite film was obtained by the post-treatment with F-PMAI. Following this strategy, we demonstrated an improved power conversion efficiency of 22.59% for the fa-based PSCs with an open-circuit voltage loss of 399 m V.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells Defect suppression Energy level alignment Phase transition 4-Fluorophenylmethylammonium iodide

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Partial least squares regression and principal component analysis:similarity and differences between two popular variable reduction approaches

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General Psychiatry 2022年第1期35卷 67-71页

作者： Chenyu Liu Xinlian Zhang Tanya T Nguyen Jinyuan Liu Tsungchin Wu Ellen Lee Xin M tu Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity ScienceUC San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA Department of Psychiatry Stein Institute for Research on AgingUC San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA

SUMMARY In many statistical applications,composite variables are constructed to reduce the number of variables and improve the performances of statistical analyses of these variables,especially when some of the variables are highly *** component analysis(PCA)and factor analysis(fa)are generally used for such *** the variables are used as explanatory or independent variables in linear regression analysis,partial least squares(PLS)regression is a better *** PCA and fa,PLS creates composite variables by also taking into account the response,or dependent variable,so that they have higher correlations with the response than composites from their PCA and fa *** this report,we provide an introduction to this useful approach and illustrate it with data from a real study.

关键词： composite composites component

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New Matrix Lie Algebra, a Powerful Tool for Constructing Multi-component C-KdV Equation Hierarchy

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2006年第4期45卷 587-592页

作者： YU fa-Jun ZHANG Hong-Qing Department of Applied Mathematics Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China

A set of new multi-component matrix Lie algebra is constructed,which is devoted to obtaining a new loopalgebra _(2M).It follows that an isospectral problem is *** making use of tu scheme,a Liouville integrablemulti-component hierarchy of soliton equations is generated,which possesses the multi-component Hamiltonian *** its reduction cases,the multi-component C-KdV hierarchy is ***,the multi-component integrablecoupling system of C-KdV hierarchy is presented through enlarging matrix spectral problem.

关键词：矩阵代数学 Liouville可积分可积耦合

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失效汽车尾气催化剂的取样、富集和测定方法探讨

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贵金属 2022年第S1期43卷 163-169页

作者：张颖孙树臣肖发新涂赣峰东北大学冶金学院沈阳110819

失效汽车尾气催化剂(TWC)在含贵金属的二次资源中占有重要地位,对其处理回收不但具有显著的经济价值,还具有重要环保意义。TWC中严重存在贵金属分布不均匀、含量低,难以精准检测的问题。贵金属的精准检测是TWC综合利用的前提条件。本文... 详细信息

失效汽车尾气催化剂(TWC)在含贵金属的二次资源中占有重要地位,对其处理回收不但具有显著的经济价值,还具有重要环保意义。TWC中严重存在贵金属分布不均匀、含量低,难以精准检测的问题。贵金属的精准检测是TWC综合利用的前提条件。本文重点讨论了富集取样法和均匀取样法在TWC贵金属精准检测中的应用。此外,针对此类物料的特点提出了取样点数有高代表性的取样装置。取样后进行酸溶或微波消解溶样,再结合电感耦合等离子体光谱/质谱法(ICP-AES/MS)完成检测分析,是未来TWC中贵金属含量精准检测的发展方向。

关键词：失效汽车尾气催化剂贵金属富集取样均匀取样取样装置

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Microwave absorption and bandwidth study of Y_(2)Co_(17)rare earth soft magnetic alloy with easy-plane anisotropy

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Chinese Physics B 2023年第8期32卷 310-318页

作者：马云国乔亮郑祖应郝宏波王浩孙哲涂成发王涛杨正李发伸 Institute of Applied Magnetism Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of Ministry of EducationLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China State Key Laboratory of Baiyunobo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization Baotou 014000China

The easy-plane anisotropy of the Y_(2)Co_(17)rare earth soft magnetic alloy has high saturation magnetization and operating frequency,and good impedance ***,it is expected to become a kind of high-performance microwave absorbing *** this paper,Y_(2)Co_(17)alloy was prepared by a reduction-diffusion method,and its micropowder was prepared as polyurethane(PU)based composite absorbing materials(Y_(2)Co_(17)/PU composites).The microwave properties of composites with different volume fractions were *** composites showed outstanding absorption characteristics in the range of 20-30 vol%,and the minimum reflection loss(RL)was less than-50 d *** the volume fraction was25%,the effective absorption bandwidth could cover the X-band at a thickness of 1.5 mm,and the Ku-band at a thickness of1.08 *** absorption mechanism was analyzed by the interface reflection *** RL absorption peak bandwidth mechanism was discussed by using the amplitude relation and calculating the effective absorption bandwidth at different *** effective absorption bandwidth values were in good agreement with the theoretical expectation.

关键词： reduction-diffusion method microwave absorption interface reflection model effective absorption bandwidth

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自然保护区森林资源连续清查改进方法

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北京林业大学学报 2016年第8期38卷 111-115页

作者：涂磊崔国发北京林业大学自然保护区学院

森林资源连续清查是为掌握宏观森林资源现状和动态而开展的重要工作。为了使森林资源清查工作更贴近自然保护区的日常管理需求,本文结合我国自然保护区特点,对保护区内森林资源清查工作的调查因子、调查方法和记录表格等进行了优化,修... 详细信息

森林资源连续清查是为掌握宏观森林资源现状和动态而开展的重要工作。为了使森林资源清查工作更贴近自然保护区的日常管理需求,本文结合我国自然保护区特点,对保护区内森林资源清查工作的调查因子、调查方法和记录表格等进行了优化,修订并增加了所有动植物名称、植物多度和生活力、动物活体、痕迹和巢穴数量等调查因子;改进了下木、植被和天然更新等的野外调查和统计方法,并优化了其野外调查记录表。并于2015年7—8月份对北京市6个自然保护区内的森林资源连续清查固定样地进行了调查测试,改进后生物多样性信息量明显增加,调查记录的灌木种类平均每块样地增加了150%,草本种类平均每块样地增加了700%。采用改进的调查方法所调查样地结果能够更好地体现自然保护区内生物多样性的现状,以期能为自然保护区的森林资源连续清查工作的完善提供借鉴和参考。

关键词：自然保护区森林资源连续清查生物多样性

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Impact of cap-assisted colonoscopy during transendoscopic enteral tubing:A randomized controlled trial

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第39期26卷 6098-6110页

作者： Quan Wen Kang-Jian Liu Bo-Ta Cui Pan Li Xia Wu Min Zhong Lu Wei Hua tu Yu Yuan Da Lin Wen-Hung Hsu Deng-Chyang Wu Hong Yin fa-Ming Zhang Medical Center for Digestive Diseases The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210011Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhan 430061Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhou 510080Guangdong ProvinceChina Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineKaohsiung Medical University HospitalKaohsiung 807Taiwan Department of Gastroenterology Zigong Fourth People’s HospitalZigong 643000Sichuan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Colonic transendoscopic enteral tubing(TET)requires double cecal intubation,raising a common concern of how to save cecal intubation time and make the tube *** hypothesized that cap-assisted colonoscopy(CC)might reduce the second cecal intubation time and bring potential benefits during the TET *** To investigate if CC can decrease the second cecal intubation time compared with regular colonoscopy(RC).METHODS This prospective multicenter,randomized controlled trial was performed at four ***≥7 years needing colonic TET were recruited from August 2018 to January *** subjects were randomly assigned to two *** primary outcome was the second cecal intubation *** outcomes included success rate,insertion pain score,single clip fixation time,purpose and retention time of TET tube,length of TET tube inserted into the colon,and all procedurerelated(serious)adverse *** A total of 331 subjects were randomized to the RC(n=165)or CC(n=166)*** median time of the second cecal intubation was significantly shorter for CC than RC(2.2 min vs 2.8 min,Ptubation in the CC group(n=50)was shorter than that in the RC group(n=43)(2.6 min vs 3.8 min,P=0.004).However,no difference was observed in the CC(n=42)and RC(n=46)groups of ulcerative colitis patients(2.0 min vs 2.5 min,P=0.152).The insertion pain score during the procedure in CC(n=14)was lower than that in RC(n=19)in unsedated colonoscopy(3.8±1.7 vs 5.4±1.9;P=0.015).Multivariate analysis revealed that only CC(odds ratio[OR]:2.250,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.161-4.360;P=0.016)was an independent factor affecting the second cecal intubation time in difficult *** did not affect the colonic TET tube’s retention time and length of the tube inserted into the ***,multivariate analysis found that only endoscopic clip number(OR:2.201,95%CI:1.541-3.143;P<0.001)was an independe

关键词： Transendoscopic enteral tube Endoscopy Colonoscopy Fecal microbiota transplant Washed microbiota transplant Colon

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Extension of the High-Order Space-Time Discontinuous Galerkin Cell Vertex Scheme to Solve Time Dependent Diffusion Equations

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Communications in Computational Physics 2012年第5期11卷 1503-1524页

作者： Shuangzhang tu Gordon W.Skelton Qing Pang Department of Computer Engineering Jackson State UniversityJacksonMS 39217USA

In this paper,the high-order space-time discontinuous Galerkin cell vertex scheme(DG-CVS)developed by the authors for hyperbolic conservation laws is extended for time dependent diffusion *** the extension,the treatment of the diffusive flux is exactly the same as that for the advective *** to the Riemannsolver-free and reconstruction-free features of DG-CVS,both the advective flux and the diffusive flux are evaluated using continuous information across the cell *** a result,the resulting formulation with diffusive fluxes present is still consistent and does not need any extra ad hoc techniques to cure the common“variational crime”problem when traditional DG methods are applied to diffusion *** this reason,DG-CVS is conceptually simpler than other existing DG-typed *** numerical tests demonstrate that the convergence order based on the L_(2)-norm is optimal,i.e.O(h^(p+1))for the solution and O(h^(p))for the solution gradients,when the basis polynomials are of odd *** even-degree polynomials,the convergence order is sub-optimal for the solution and optimal for the solution *** same odd-even behaviour can also be seen in some other DG-typed methods.

关键词： High-order method space-time method discontinuous Galerkin(DG)method cellvertex scheme(CVS) diffusion equations

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A Compact High Order Space-Time Method for Conservation Laws

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Communications in Computational Physics 2011年第2期9卷 441-480页

作者： Shuangzhang tu Gordon W.Skelton Qing Pang Department of Computer Engineering Jackson State UniversityJacksonMS 39217USA

This paper presents a novel high-order space-time method for hyperbolic conservation *** important concepts,the staggered space-time mesh of the space-time conservation element/solution element(CE/SE)method and the local discontinuous basis functions of the space-time discontinuous Galerkin(DG)finite element method,are the two key ingredients of the new *** staggered spacetime mesh is constructed using the cell-vertex structure of the underlying spatial *** universal definitions of CEs and SEs are independent of the underlying spatial mesh and thus suitable for arbitrarily unstructured *** solution within each physical time step is updated alternately at the cell level and the vertex *** this solution updating strategy and the DG ingredient,the new scheme here is termed as the discontinuous Galerkin cell-vertex scheme(DG-CVS).The high order of accuracy is achieved by employing high-order Taylor polynomials as the basis functions inside each *** present DG-CVS exhibits many advantageous features such as Riemann-solver-free,high-order accuracy,point-implicitness,compactness,and ease of handling boundary *** numerical tests including the scalar advection equations and compressible Euler equations will demonstrate the performance of the new method.

关键词： High order method space-time method cell-vertex scheme(CVS) conservation laws

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一个新的玉米细胞核雄性不育突变体ms6的鉴定与基因定位

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作物学报 2023年第8期49卷 2077-2087页

作者：王兴荣张彦军涂奇奇龚佃明邱法展甘肃省农业科学院作物研究所甘肃兰州730070 湖北洪山实验室湖北武汉430070

玉米雄性不育基因的定位、克隆和功能机理研究,不仅能够加深我们对玉米雄花生长发育的分子调控机理的认识,而且能够有效推动雄性不育技术体系的发展及在玉米育种和种子生产中的运用。本研究以玉米自交系Mo17为野生型背景材料,经EMS诱变... 详细信息

玉米雄性不育基因的定位、克隆和功能机理研究,不仅能够加深我们对玉米雄花生长发育的分子调控机理的认识,而且能够有效推动雄性不育技术体系的发展及在玉米育种和种子生产中的运用。本研究以玉米自交系Mo17为野生型背景材料,经EMS诱变获得了一个玉米雄性不育突变体,命名为ms6(malesterile6)。表型鉴定结果表明,ms6突变体植株能够正常抽雄,但雄花颖壳不能正常开裂和散粉,花粉粒干瘪,表现为无花粉型不育。同时,ms6与Mo17野生型(wildtype,WT)在株型、穗部性状以及籽粒粒形等相关性状上无显著差异,说明该基因突变后,仅影响植株的育性,而不影响其他农艺性状。细胞学观察显示,ms6不育突变体的小孢子发育晚期出现异常,表现为绒毡层细胞提前降解,小孢子不能进行有丝分裂并逐渐裂解。扫描电镜观察表明,ms6花药外壁皱缩,内壁无完整的花粉粒,无乌氏小体的存在。遗传学分析表明,ms6突变性状受1对隐性核基因控制。以ms6×B73 F2遗传定位群体,利用全基因组约200对多态性SSR分子标记,结合表型与基因型连锁分析,将ms6初定位于玉米6号染色体C6-19与C6-30两个标记之间,进一步利用区间内10对新开发的多态性标记,最终将ms6定位在分子标记M13~M14之间约480kb的区间范围内。转录组测序结合qRT-PCR试验验证结果,初步将Zm00001d035201确定为ms6的关键候选基因。Zm00001d035201基因编码一个酸性核糖体蛋白。本研究结果为ms6后续基因功能的研究打下了坚实的基础。同时ms6作为一个新的核不育突变体也为将来玉米新型核不育基因的生产应用提供了重要材料支持。

关键词：玉米雄性不育 ms6 基因定位候选基因鉴定

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