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动物学报 2007年第2期53卷 195-200页

作者： tsewang namgail Wildlife Institute of India P.O. Box18ChandrabaniDehradun 2248001UttaranchalIndia

在几个动物类群中开展的许多行为研究中发现,个体的警觉水平与群体大小存在着负相关关系。一般认为,这种关系是由于个体在一个较大的群体中被捕杀的概率小。在本研究中,我研究了濒危的印度喜马拉雅地区西藏盘羊(Ovis ammon hodgsoni)的... 详细信息

在几个动物类群中开展的许多行为研究中发现,个体的警觉水平与群体大小存在着负相关关系。一般认为,这种关系是由于个体在一个较大的群体中被捕杀的概率小。在本研究中,我研究了濒危的印度喜马拉雅地区西藏盘羊(Ovis ammon hodgsoni)的警戒行为与群体大小和逃逸地形的关系。我假设小群体中的、位于悬崖旁的盘羊比那些大群体中的、开阔地带(逃逸地形)中的盘羊的警戒水平高。结果发现随着群体增大,盘羊的警戒水平下降,但是,逃逸地形与盘羊的警戒水平没有关系。盘羊的不同性别、年龄组之间的时间预算存在显著差异。与雄性和亚成年个体比较,雌性用于警觉的时间多,它们比雄性采食时间长,移动少。因此。

关键词：西藏盘羊警觉稀释效应拉达克地区喜马拉雅山区

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Distributional congruence of mammalian herbivores in the Trans-Himalayan Mountains

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Current Zoology 2013年第1期59卷 116-124页

作者： tsewang namgail Sipke E. van WIEREN Herbert H.T. PRINS Resource Ecology Group Wageningen University Droevendaalsesteeg 3a 6708 PB Wageningen The Netherlands U.S. Geological Survey Las Vegas Field Station 160 N Stephanie Street Henderson 89074 NV USA

Large-scale distribution and diversity patterns of mammalian herbivores, especially less charismatic species in alpine environments remain little understood. We studied distributional congruence of mammalian herbivores in the Trans-Himalayan region of Ladakh to see if the distributions of less prominent and smaller herbivores can be determined from those of larger and more prominent herbivores like ungulates. Using a similarity index, we assessed shared distributions of species in 20x20 km2 grid-cells in an area of about 80,000 km2. We used the Unweighted Pair-Group Method with Arithmetic Average （UPGMA） to classify mammalian herbivores into groups with similar distributions. We then used the G-test of independence to look for statistical significance of the groups obtained. We identified six groups of mammalian herbivores with distributions more similar than ex- pected at random. The largest group was composed of nine species whereas the other large group comprised six species. Canonical Correspondence Analysis （CCA）, used to relate the groups with environmental features, showed that the largest group occurred in higher and flatter areas, while the other large group occurred in lower and steeper areas. Large herbivores like ungulates can be used as surrogate for less prominent small herbivores while identifying areas for latter＇s protection in the inaccessible mountainous re- gions of the Trans-Himalaya [Current Zoology 59 （1）： 116-124, 2013].

关键词： Mountain ungulates rodents lagomorphs UPGMA biogeography Trans-Himalaya

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Space use of wintering waterbirds in India： Influence of trophic ecology on home-range size

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Current Zoology 2014年第5期60卷 616-621页

作者： tsewang namgail John Y. TAKEKAWA Sivananinthaperumal BALACHANDRAN Ponnusamy SATHIYASELVAM Taej MUNDKUR Scott H. NEWMAN U. S. Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Station 505 Azuar Drive Vallejo California 94592 USA Moss Landing Marine Laboratories 8272 Moss Landing Road Moss Landing California 95039 USA Bombay Natural History Society Mumbai 400 001 India Wetlands International NL-6700 AL Wageningen Netherlands Emergency Center for Transboundary Animal Diseases Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations Hanoi Vietnam

Relationship between species＇ home range and their other biological traits remains poorly understood, especially in migratory birds due to the difficulty associated with tracking them. Advances in satellite telemetry and remote sensing techniques have proved instrumental in overcoming such challenges. We studied the space use of migratory ducks through satellite telemetry with an objective of understanding the influence of body mass and feeding habits on their home-range sizes. We marked 26 indi- viduals, representing five species of migratory ducks, with satellite transmitters during two consecutive winters in three Indian states. We used kernel methods to estimate home ranges and core use areas of these waterfowl, and assessed the influence of body mass and feeding habits on home-range size. Feeding habits influenced the home-range size of the migratory ducks. Carnivorous ducks had the largest home ranges, herbivorous ducks the smallest, while omnivorous species had intermediate home-ranges. Body mass did not explain variation in home-range size. To our knowledge, this is the first study of its kind on migratory ducks, and it has important implications for their conservation and management [Current Zoology 60 （5）： 616-621, 2014].

关键词： Anatidae Garganey Gadwall Northern Shoveler Chilika India

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