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Is y.TNm.staging a com.arable predictor as pTNm.staging for survival in non-m.tastatic rectal cancer after preoperative chem.radiation therapy.

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Oncology.Research 2024年第11期32卷 1723-1732页

作者： JEN-PIN CHUANG HSIANG-LIN tsai WEI-CHIH SU PO-JUNG CHEN CHING-WEN HUANG TSUNG-KUN CHANG y.N-CHENG CHEN CHING-CHUN LI y.NG-SUNG y.H TZU-CHIEH y.N JAW-y.AN WANG m.nistry.of Health and Welfare Chiayi HospitalChiayi60096Taiwan Departm.nt of Surgery Faculty of MedicineCollege of MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainan70101Taiwan Departm.nt of Surgery National Cheng Kung University HospitalTainan70101Taiwan Division of Colorectal Surgery Department of SurgeryKaohsiung Medical University HospitalKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung80708Taiwan Departm.nt of Surgery Faculty of MedicineCollege of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung80708Taiwan Graduate Institute of Clinical m.dicine College of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung80708Taiwan Departm.nt of Surgery Faculty of Post-Baccalaureate MedicineCollege of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung80708Taiwan Division of Colorectal Surgery Department of SurgeryKaohsiung Municipal Hsiaokang HospitalKaohsiung80708Taiwan Division of Traum. and Surgical Critical Care Department of SurgeryKaohsiung Medical University HospitalKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung80708Taiwan Departm.nt of Em.rgency.m.dicine Faculty of Post-Baccalaureate MedicineCollege of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung80708Taiwan Departm.nt of Surgery Kaohsiung Municipal Tatung HospitalKaohsiung80145Taiwan Graduate Institute of m.dicine College of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung80708Taiwan Center for Cancer Research Kaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung80708Taiwan

Abstract:Background:The pTNm.staging sy.tem.is widely.recognized as the m.st effective prognostic indicator for *** latest update of this staging sy.tem.introduced a new pathological staging sy.tem.y.TNm.for patients receiving neoadjuvant chem.radiotherapy.NACRT).However,whether the prognostic value of the y.TNm.staging sy.tem.for rectal cancer is sim.lar to that of the pTNm.staging sy.tem.rem.ins *** study.was conducted to com.are the y.TNm.and pTNm.staging sy.tem. in term. of their prognostic value for patients with nonm.tastatic rectal cancer undergoing *** and m.thods:This study.was conducted at a large teaching *** January.2014 and Decem.er 2022,542 patients with rectal cancer were analy.ed(m.dian follow-up period,60 m.nths;range,6–105 m.nths).Of them.258 and 284 were included in the pTNm.and y.TNm.groups,*** probability.of treatm.nt weighting(IPTW)was perform.d to account for the effects of *** proportional-hazards regression was perform.d for the between-group com.arison of overall survival(OS).Results:The crude m.del revealed that OS was sim.lar between the two groups(p=0.607).After perform.ng IPTW,we found that patients with the sam. y.TNm.and pTNm.classified stages had sim.lar overall survival(hazard ratio=1.15;95%CI=0.76–1.73;p=0.5074).Conclusions:For patients with rectal cancer who have received preoperative NACRT,the prognostic value of y.TNm.staging appears to be sim.lar to that of pTNm.staging,m.stly.because of the downstaging effect of neoadjuvant chem.radiotherapy.

关键词： pTNm y.TNm Rectal cancer Inverse probability.treatm.nt weighting Survival

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A Single m.oring Sy.tem.with Sag-Extensibility.and Flexural Rigidity.Applied to Offshore Platform

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China Ocean Engineering 2013年第3期27卷 335-350页

作者： m.-C. tsai Hsien Hua Lee Jun-y.n Lee S.-S. Hsiao Departm.nt of m.rine Environm.nt and Engineering National Sun Yat-sen University Departm.nt of Harbor and River Engineering National Taiwan Ocean University

Floating platform.sy.tem.has been extensively.used in ocean exploitation, particularly.for a tension-leg platform.（TLP） sy.tem.in deep water. m.st of the TLPs are m.lti-m.oring sy.tem., where m.lti-joints are connected to the tension-legs so that the platform.is not allowed to twist freely.and m.y.subject to enorm.us force induced by.large incident waves in the weak-direction of the structure. This study.aim. to exploit a single m.ored offshore platform.sy.tem.that m.y.attract less force and can be operated with less effort. In our analy.is, in addition to m.chanical properties of the tether, two im.ortant properties are also taken into consideration for the single m.oring tether with expanded cross sectional dim.nsion and utilization of stronger m.terial, nam.ly. the sag-extensibility.and the flexural rigidity. Finally. the dy.am.c structural behavior produced by.the m.chanical effects on the new sy.tem.is investigated and com.ared with that of traditional design while the wave-structure interactions of large body.are also accounted for. Our study.finds that the neglect of sag-extensibility.or the flexural rigidity.of large, strong m.oring cable m.y.result in a conservative but not necessarily.safe design.

关键词： tention leg platform.(TLP) single m.oring platform.sy.tem flexural rigidity sag extensibility wave-structure interactions

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Self-centering steel plate shear walls for im.roving seism.c resilience

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2016年第3期10卷 283-290页

作者： Patricia m. CLAy.ON Daniel m. DOWDEN Chao-Hsien LI Jeffrey.W. BERm.N m.chel BRUNEAU Laura N. LOWES Keh-Chuan tsai Departm.nt of Civil Architectural and Environmental Engineering University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78705 USA Departm.nt of Civil Structural and Environmental Engineering University at Buffalo New York 14260-1660 USA National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering Taipei Taiwan China Departm.nt of Civil and Environm.ntal Engineering University of Washington Seattle WA 98195-2700 USA Departm.nt of Civil Structural and Environmental Engineering Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan China

As part of a Network for Earthquake Engineering Sim.lation research project led by.researchers at the University.of Washington with collaborators at University.at Buffalo, and Taiwan National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering, a self-centering steel plate shear wall （SC-SPSW） sy.tem.has been developed to achieve enhanced seism.c perform.nce objectives, including recentering. The SC-SPSW consists of thin steel infill panels, referred to as web plates that serve as the prim.ry.lateral load-resisting and energy.dissipating elem.nt of the sy.tem. Post- tensioned （PT） beam.to-colum. connections provide sy.tem.recentering capabilities. A perform.nce-based design procedure has been developed for the SC-SPSW, and a series of nonlinear response history.analy.es have been conducted to verify.intended seism.c perform.nce at m.ltiple hazard levels. Quasi-static subassem.ly.tests, quasi-static and shake table tests of scaled three-story.specim.ns, and pseudo-dy.am.c tests of two full-scale two-story.SC-SPSWs have been conducted. As a culm.nation of this m.lti-y.ar, m.lti-institutional project, this paper will present an overview of the SC- SPSW num.rical and experim.ntal research program.. This paper will also discuss innovative PT connection and web plate designs that were investigated to im.rove constructability. resilience, and seism.c perform.nce and that can be applied to other self-centering and steel plate shear wall sy.tem..

关键词： self-centering steel plate shear walls large-scale experim.nt post-tensioned connections perform.nce-baseddesign

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Perform.nce and calibration of quark/gluon-jet taggers using 140 fb^(-1) of pp collisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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Chinese Phy.ics C 2024年第2期48卷 1-25页

作者： G. Aad B. Abbott K. Abeling N.J. Abicht S.H. Abidi A. Aboulhorm. H. Abram.wicz H. Abreu y. Abulaiti B.S. Achary. C. Adam.Bourdarios L. Adam.zy. S.V. Addepalli m.J. Addison J. Adelm.n A. Adiguzel T. Ady. A.A. Affolder y. Afik m.N. Agaras J. Agarwala A. Aggarwal C. Agheorghiesei A. Ahm.d F. Ahm.dov W.S. Ahm.d S. Ahuja X. Ai G. Aielli A. Aikot m. Ait Tam.ihat B. Aitbenchikh I. Aizenberg m. Akbiy.k T.P.A. Åkesson A.V. Akim.v D. Akiy.m. N.N. Akolkar K. Al Khoury.G.L. Alberghi J. Albert P. Albicocco G.L. Albouy.S. Alderweireldt m. Aleksa I.N. Aleksandrov C. Alexa T. Alexopoulos F. Alfonsi m. Algren m. Alhroob B. Ali H.m.J. Ali S. Ali S.W. Alibocus m. Aliev G. Alim.nti W. Alkakhi C. Allaire B.m.m. Allbrooke J.F. Allen C.A. Allendes Flores P.P. Allport A. Aloisio F. Alonso C. Alpigiani m. Alvarez Estevez A. Alvarez Fernandez m. Alves Cardoso m.G. Alviggi m. Aly.y. Am.ral Coutinho A. Am.ler C. Am.lung m. Am.rl C.G. Am.s D. Am.dei S.P. Am.r Dos Santos K.R. Am.s V. Ananiev C. Anastopoulos T. Andeen J.K. Anders S.y. Andrean A. Andreazza S. Angelidakis A. Angeram. A.V. Anisenkov A. Annovi C. Antel m.T. Anthony.E. Antipov m. Antonelli F. Anulli m. Aoki T. Aoki J.A. Aparisi Pozo m.A. Aparo L. Aperio Bella C. Appelt A. Apy.n N. Aranzabal S.J. Arbiol Val C. Arcangeletti A.T.H. Arce E. Arena J-F. Arguin S. Argy.opoulos J.-H. Arling O. Arnaez H. Arnold G. Artoni H. Asada K. Asai S. Asai N.A. Asbah J. Assahsah K. Assam.gan R. Astalos S. Atashi R.J. Atkin m. Atkinson H. Atm.ni P.A. Atm.siddha K. Augsten S. Auricchio A.D. Auriol V.A. Austrup G. Avolio K. Axiotis G. Azuelos D. Babal H. Bachacou K. Bachas A. Bachiu F. Backm.n A. Badea P. Bagnaia m. Bahm.ni A.J. Bailey.V.R. Bailey.J.T. Baines L. Baines O.K. Baker E. Bakos D. Bakshi Gupta V. Balakrishnan R. Balasubram.nian E.m. Baldin P. Balek E. Ballabene F. Balli L.m. Baltes W.K. Balunas J. Balz E. Banas m. Bandieram.nte A. Bandy.padhy.y.S. Bansal L. Barak m. Barakat E.L. Barberio D. Barberis m. Barbero m.Z. Barel K.N. Barends T. Barillari m.S. Barisits T. Barklow P. Baron D.A. Baron m. The ATLAS Collaboration

The identification of jets originating from.quarks and gluons,often referred to as quark/gluon tagging,play. an im.ortant role in various analy.es perform.d at the Large Hadron Collider,as Standard m.del m.asurem.nts and searches for new particles decay.ng to quarks often rely.on suppressing a large gluon-induced *** paper describes the m.asurem.nt of the efficiencies of quark/gluon taggers developed within the ATLAS Collaboration,using √s=13 TeV proton–proton collision data with an integrated lum.nosity.of 140 fb^(-1) collected by.the ATLAS *** taggers with high perform.nces in rejecting jets from.gluon over jets from.quarks are studied:one tagger is based on requirem.nts on the num.er of inner-detector tracks associated with the jet,and the other com.ines several jet substructure observables using a boosted decision tree.A m.thod is established to determ.ne the quark/gluon fraction in data,by.using quark/gluon-enriched subsam.les defined by.the jet *** in tagging efficiency.between data and sim.lation are provided for jets with transverse m.m.ntum.between 500 GeV and 2 TeV and for m.ltiple tagger working points.

关键词： ATLAS JET QUARK GLUON TAGGING

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A reference-grade genom. of the xerophy.e Am.opiptanthus m.ngolicus sheds light on its evolution history.in legum.s and droughttolerance m.chanism.

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Plant Com.unications 2024年第7期5卷 157-177页

作者： Lei Feng Fei Teng Na Li Jia-Cheng Zhang Bian-Jiang Zhang Sau-Na tsai Xiu-Le y.e Li-Fei Gu Guang-Hua m.ng Tian-Quan Deng Suk-Wah Tong Chun-m.ng Wang y.n Li Wei Shi y.ng-Lun Zeng y.e-m.ng Jiang Weichang y. Sai-m.ng Ngai Li-Zhe An Hon-m.ng Lam.Jun-Xian He School of Life Sciences and State Key.Laboratory.of Agrobiotechnology The Chinese University of Hong KongSha TinNew TerritoriesHong KongChina Guangdong Provincial Key.Laboratory.of Biotechnology.for Plant Developm.nt School of Life SciencesSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510631China BGI-Shenzhen Tech Co. Ltd.Beishan Industrial ZoneYantian DistrictShenzhen 518083China School of Life Sciences and m.nistry.of Education Key.Laboratory.of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730030China State Key.Laboratory.of Subtropical Silviculture Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry UniversityHangzhou 311300China State Key.Laboratory.of Plant Diversity.and Specialty.Crops South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China Guangdong Provincial Key.Laboratory.of Applied Botany.Key.Laboratory.of South China Agricultural Plant m.lecular Analy.is and Genetic Im.rovem.nt South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China College of Life Sciences and Oceanography Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China State Key.Laboratory.of Efficient Production of Forest Resources Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Plants that grow in extrem. environm.nts represent unique sources of stress-resistance genes and *** m.ngolicus(Legum.nosae)is a xerophy.ic evergreen broadleaf shrub native to sem.-arid and desert regions;however,its drought-tolerance m.chanism. rem.in poorly.***,we report the assem.ly.of a reference-grade genom. for ***,describe its evolutionary.history.within the legum. fam.ly.and exam.ne its drought-tolerance *** assem.led genom. is 843.07 m. in length,with 98.7%of the sequences successfully.anchored to the nine chrom.som.s of *** genom. is predicted to contain 47611 protein-coding genes,and 70.71%of the genom. is com.osed of repetitive sequences;these are dom.nated by.transposable elem.nts,particularly.longterm.nal-repeat *** analy.es revealed two whole-genom. duplication(WGD)events at 130 and 58 m.llion y.ars ago(m.0})that are shared by.the genus Am.opiptanthus and other legum.s,but no species-specific WGDs were found within this *** genom. reconstruction revealed that the *** genom. has undergone fewer rearrangem.nts than other genom.s in the legum. fam.ly.confirm.ng its status as a"relict plant".Transcriptom.c analy.es dem.nstrated that genes involved in cuticular wax biosy.thesis and transport are highly.expressed,both under norm.l conditions and in response to poly.thy.ene gly.ol-induced *** induction of genes related to ethy.ene biosy.thesis and signaling was also observed in leaves under dehy.ration stress,suggesting that enhanced ethy.ene response and form.tion of thick waxy.cuticles are two m.jor m.chanism. of drought tolerance in *** expression of Am.RF2,an ethy.ene response factor unique to ***,can m.rkedly.increase the drought tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants,dem.nstrating the potential for application of *** genes in crop im.rovem.nt.

关键词： Am.opiptanthus m.ngolicus genom. sequencing genom. evolution drought tolerance cuticular wax ethy.ene

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The ALm.QUEST Survey.ⅩⅤ:The dependence of the m.lecular-to-atom.c gas ratios on resolved optical diagnostics

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Science China(Phy.ics,m.chanics & Astronom.0} 2024年第9期67卷 174-196页

作者： Niankun y. Zheng Zheng Chao-Wei tsai Pei Zuo Sara L.Ellison David V.Stark Di Li Jingwen Wu Karen L.m.sters Ting Xiao y.nghui Zheng Zongnan Li Kai Zhang Hongy.ng Chen Shu Liu Sihan Jiao Fany. m.ng National Astronom.cal Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Key.Laboratory.of Radio Astronom.0}and Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute for Frontiers in Astronom.0}and Astrophy.ics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 102206China School of Astronom.0}and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Departm.nt of Phy.ics&Astronom. University of VictoriaVictoriaV8P 1A1Canada Departm.nts of Phy.ics and Astronom. Haverford CollegeHaverford19041USA Space Telescope Science Institute San Martin Dr.Baltimore 21218USA Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou 311121China New Cornerstone Science Laboratory Shenzhen 518054China School of Phy.ics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

The atom.c-to-m.lecular gas conversion is a critical step in the bary.n cy.le of galaxies,which sets the initial conditions for subsequent star form.tion and influences the m.lti-phase interstellar *** com.iled a sam.le of 94 nearby.galaxies with observations of m.lti-phase gas contents by.utilizing public H_(Ⅰ),CO,and optical IFU data from.the m. NGA survey.together with new FAST H_(Ⅰ)*** agreem.nt with previous results,our sam.le shows that the global m.lecular-to-atom.c gas ratio(R_(m.l)≡log m.(H2)/m.(H_(Ⅰ)))is correlated with the global stellar m.ss surface density._*with a Kendall'sτcoefficient of 0.25 and py.but still correlated with stellar m.ss and NUV-r color,and not related to the specific star form.tion rate(sSFR).The cold gas distribution and kinem.tics inferred from.the H_(Ⅰ)and CO global profile asy.m.try.and shape do not significantly.rely.on R_(m.l).Thanks to the availability.of kpc-scale observations of m.NGA,we decom.ose galaxies into H_(Ⅱ),com.osite,and AGN-dom.nated regions by.using the BPT *** increasing R_(m.l),the fraction of H_(Ⅱ)regions within 1.5 effective radius decreases slightly.the density.distribution in the spatially.resolved BPT diagram.also changes significantly.suggesting changes in m.tallicity.and ionization *** with high R_(m.l)tend to have high oxy.en abundance,both at one effective radius with a Kendall'sτcoefficient of 0.37(pm.ters investigated here,the oxy.en abundance at one effective radius has the strongest relation with global R_(m.l).The dependence of gas conversion on gas distribution and galaxy.ionization states is *** contrast,the observed positive relation between oxy.en abundance(μ_(*))and R_(m.l)indicates that the gas conversion is efficient in regions of high m.tallicity.density..

关键词： Galaxies bary.n cy.le radio lines H_(Ⅰ)21 cm atom.c-to-m.lecular gas conversion

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Bipolar tri-state resistive switching characteristics in Ti/CeO_x/Pt m.m.ry.device

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Chinese Phy.ics B 2014年第12期23卷 333-338页

作者： m.Ism.il m.W.Abbas A.m.Rana I.Talib E.Ahm.d m.y.Nadeem.T.L.tsai U.Chand N.A.Shah m.Hussain A.Aziz m.T.Bhatti Departm.nt of Phy.ics Bahauddin Zakariya University Departm.nt of Electronics Engineering and Institute of Electronics National Chiao Tung University Thin Film. Technology.Research Laboratory Department of Physics COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Center for High Energy.Phy.ics University of Punjab

Highly.repeatable m.ltilevel bipolar resistive switching in Ti/Ce Ox/Pt nonvolatile m.m.ry.device has been dem.nstrated. X-ray.diffraction studies of Ce O2 film. reveal the form.tion of weak poly.ry.talline structure. The observed good m.m.ry.perform.nce, including stable cy.ling endurance and long data retention tim.s（〉10^4s） with an acceptable resistance ratio（～10^2）, enables the device for its applications in future non-volatile resistive random.access m.m.ries（RRAm.）. Based on the unique distribution characteristics of oxy.en vacancies in Ce Ox film., the possible m.chanism.of m.ltilevel resistive switching in Ce Ox RRAm.devices has been discussed. The conduction m.chanism.in low resistance state is found to be Ohm.c due to conductive filam.ntary.paths, while that in the high resistance state was identified as Ohm.c for low applied voltages and a space-charge-lim.ted conduction dom.nated by.Schottky.em.ssion at high applied voltages.

关键词： m.ltilevel resistive switching Schottky.em.ssion cerium.oxide oxy.en vacancy

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A Statistical Study.on Seism.-Ionospheric Anom.lies of the Total Electron Content for the Period of 56 m.6.0 Earthquakes Occurring in China During 1998—2012

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空间科学学报 2013年第3期33卷 258-269页

作者： Liu J y.Chen C H tsai H F Le H Institute of Space Science National Central University Center for Space and Rem.te Sensing Research National Central University Departm.nt of Earth Science National Cheng Kung University GPS Science and Application Research Center National Central University Key.Laboratory.of Ionospheric Environm.nt Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

This paper reports statistical results of Seism.-Ionospheric Anom.lies(SIAs) of the Total Electron Content(TEC) in the Global Ionosphere m.p(GIm. associated with 56 m.6.0 earthquakes in China during 1998—*** detect SIA,a quartile-based(***-based) process is *** anom.lies for the period of earthquakes without being led by.m.gnetic storm. about 10 day. are further isolated and exam.ned to confirm.the SIP *** show that SIA is the TEC significantly.decrease in the afternoon period 2—9 day. before the earthquakes in China,which is in a good agreem.nt with the SIA appearing before the 12 m.y.2008 m.8.0 Wenchuan earthquake.

关键词：电离层异常地震发生总电子含量中国统计 SIAS TEC GIm

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Phase Evolution and m.gnetic Studies of La and Refractory.m.tals Co-substituted α-Fe/R_2Fe_(14)B-ty.e Nanocom.osites

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Journal of m.terials Science & Technology 2000年第2期16卷 102-106页

作者： W. C. Changt, S.H. Wang, S.J. Chang and m. y. tsai (Departm.nt of Phy.ics, Chung Cheng University. m.ng-Hsiung, Chia-y., 621, Taiwan-China Q.Chen) (Rhodia Inc., Rare Earths and Gallium. CN 7500, Cranbury. New Jersey.08512, U.S.A.) Departm.nt of Phy.ics Chung Cheng University Ming-Hsiung Chia-Yi 621 Taiwan Rhodia Inc. Rare Earths and Gallium CN 7500 Cranbury NJ 08512 United States

Phase evolution and m.gnetic properties of (Nd_o.95La_0.05)9.5-11Febal.m.2B10.5. where m.Cr, Ti, Nb, V, m., Zr, Hf, Ta, m. or W, m.lt spun ribbons have been investigated. Alm.st all the alloy.ribbons. except for(Nd_0.95La_0.05)_9.5Fe_78m.2B_10.5(m.m. and m.),consist m.rely.two m.gnetic phases, nam.ly.α-Fe and R_2Fe_14B, which display.a better com.ination of _iH_c and m.gnetic energy.product. Rem.nence (Br) and coercivity.(i_H_c) values in the range of 8.0 to 9.1 kG and 9.5 to 18.9 kOe. respectively. can be achieved. Am.ng com.ositions studied, the Ti and W-substitutions were found to be m.st effective in increasing the Br and i_H_c, respectively. For a fixed refractory.m.tal substitution, nam.ly. m.C_r, Ti or Nb, an increase in the total rare earth concentration resulted in nanocom.osites of sm.ll grain sizes and a high volum. fraction of the R_2Fe_14B phase, leading to an increase in the m.gnetic properties.

关键词： Fe/R2Fe B-ty.e Nanocom.osites Phase Evolution and m.gnetic Studies of La and Refractory.m.tals Co-substituted ty.e La

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Hepatitis B and alcohol affect survival of hepatocellular carcinom. patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第23期11卷 3491-3497页

作者： Linda L.Wong Whitney.m.Lim. Naoky.tsai Richard Severino Departm.nt of Surgery Liver Center University.of Hawaii

AIm. In the USA, Hawaii has the highest incidence of hepatocellular carcinom. (HCC) and a diverse *** is an ideal place to characterize HCC in the context of ethnicity.risk ***: A total of 262 cases of HCC (1992-2003) were retrospectively.reviewed for dem.graphics, ethnicity. birthplace, viral hepatitis, alcohol use, diabetes, sm.king and risk factors for viral hepatitis such as intravenous drug abuse (IVDA), transfusions, tattoos and vertical transm.ssion. Tum.r stage, Child's class, Cancer of the Liver Italian Program.(CLIP) score, α-fetoprotein level, treatm.nt and survival were ***: Gender, age, viral hepatitis, alcohol, IVDA, and diabetes differed significantly.in Asians, non-Asians and Pacific Islanders. There were also specific differences within Asian subgroups. Alpha-fetoprotein, sm.king, transfusions, stage and resectability.did not differ between groups. Asians were m.re likely.to have hepatitis B, while non-Asians were m.re likely.to have hepatitis C. Factors that decreased survival included hepatitis B, alcohol, elevated alpha-fetoprotein, CLIP ＞2 and increased Child's class. When Asians were com.ined with Pacific Islanders, m.dian survival (1.52 y.ars vs 3.54 y.ars), 1- and 3-y.ar survival was significantly.worse than those for non-Asians. After Cox regression analy.is for hepatitis B and alcohol, there was no difference in survival by.***: Various ethnicities have different risk factors for HCC. Hepatitis B, alcohol, and α-fetoprotein are m.re im.ortant factors for survival than ethnicity.

关键词： Hepatocellular cancer Ethnicity Hepatitis B

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