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Oxidation and Coatings f.r Power Generation： New Super Ultra Critical Steam Turbines

中国腐蚀与防护学报 2009年第4期29卷 318-319页

作者： f. j. PEREZ Grupo de Investigacion de Ingenieria de Superf.cies y Materiales Nanoestructurados U. C. M. N°910627 f.cultad de Ciencias Quimicas Universidad Complutense de Madrid. 28040 Madrid Spain

The steels with chromium contents between 9%and 12%wt are used f.r power plants with advanced steam oxidation *** present good creep properties as 9%Cr steels and good oxidation resistance,at the temperatures range between 500℃～600℃.In the last years numerous investigation in development of.coatings has been realized with the aim the protected them against the oxidation in order to allow operation of.steam turbines at 650℃.In this study,Al-Hf.protective coatings were deposited by CVD-f.R on f.rritic steel HCM-12A f.llowed by a dif.usion heat treatment,have shown to be protective at 650℃under steam f.r at least 3000 hours of.laboratory steam exposure under atmospheric *** and composition of.coatings were characterized by dif.erent techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy(SEM),electron probe microanalysis,and X-ray dif.raction(XRD). On the other hand,volatile species by mass spectrometry(MS) and thermogravimetric measurements (TG) during the initial stages oxidation of.the P92 f.rritic steel without and of.Al and Al/Si coating by chemical vapour deposition in f.uidized bed reactors(CVD-f.R) at 650℃in Ar+20%H_2O f.r 150 h were *** order to go f.rward to coatings design the Thermocalc code is used as base f.r the MSdata. TG-MS experiments were conducted in a closed steam loop in order to obtain inf.rmation about the oxyhydroxides f.rmation as reaction between coatings and *** those results the role of.the dif.erent coating element could be established and optimized f.r the coating *** oxidation mechanism based on the TG-MS results is *** morphology/composition and structure of.the oxidized samples were also studied using SEM/EDS and XRD techniques.

关键词：氧化金属腐蚀防护

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Storing f.eshwater Versus Storing Electricity in Power Systems with High f.eshwater Electric Demand

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j.urnal of.Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第2期12卷 323-333页

作者： Mubarak j.Al-Mubarak Antonio j.Conej. Department of.Electrical and Computer Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of.Electrical Engineering Kuwait UniversityP.O.Box 5969Safat 13060Kuwait Department of.Integrated Systems Engineering and the Department of.Electrical and Computer Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA IEEE

We consider a power system whose electric demand pertaining to f.eshwater production is high(high f.eshwater electric demand),as in the Middle East,and investigate the tradeof. of.storing f.eshwater in tanks versus storing electricity in batteries at the day-ahead operation *** storing f.eshwater and storing electricity increase the actual electric demand at valley hours and decrease it at peak hours,which is generally benef.cial in term of.cost and ***,to what extent?We analyze this question considering three power systems with dif.erent generation-mix conf.gurations,i.e.,a thermal-dominated mix,a renewable-dominated one,and a f.lly renewable *** generation-mix conf.gurations are inspired by how power systems may evolve in dif.erent countries in the Middle *** production uncertainty is compactly modeled using chance *** draw conclusions on how both storage f.cilities(f.eshwater and electricity)complement each other to render an optimal operation of.the power system.

关键词： Power system operation f.eshwater production and transportation coordination day-ahead scheduling

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地球演化历史中氧逸度变化对壳幔循环启动、风化和超大陆循环的指示

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Science Bulletin 2024年第1期69卷 97-102页

作者：王瑞邬绍宸 Roberto f.Weinberg William j.Collins Peter A.Cawood State Key Laboratory of.Geological Processes and Mineral Resources Institute of Earth SciencesChina University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China f.ontiers Science Center f.r Deep-time Digital Earth China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China School of.Earth Atmosphere and EnvironmentMonash UniversityClayton VIC 3800Australia The Institute f.r Geoscience Research Curtin UniversityPerth WA 6102Australia

We apply a zircon redox index to a global compilation of.detrital zircons to track the variation of.oxidation state,expressed asΔf.Q,through Earth's *** f.om I-type rocks,which comprise mantle and crustal igneous protoliths,including tonalite–trondhj.mite–granodiorites(TTGs),generally have a high oxidation state(Δf.Q>0).In contrast,zircons f.om igneous rocks derived f.om supracrustal source rocks(S-type)are commonly reduced(Δf.Qf.nction derived f.om the Gaussian-Kernel-Density-Estimation,we use the maximum likelihood estimation(MLE)to distinguish Stype f.om I-type zircons through Earth's history using zircon *** S-type magma production shows a ca.600 Ma cyclicity that is closely related to the supercontinent *** link a cyclic drop in redox values af.er 2.6 Ga to periodic S-type magma generation associated with burial and melting of.metasedimentary rocks during supercontinent assembly and ***Δf.Q of.the detrital zircons rise at~3.5 Ga f.llowed by a consistent averageΔf.Q>0 over the last 3 *** that the redox state of.magmas is independent of.crustal thickness and silica variation,and elevated values are likely more closely related to tectonic setting,we suggest that the consistent averageΔf.Q>0 f.om ca.3.5 Ga onwards relates to recycling of.oceanic lithosphere back into the mantle in what eventually became established as subduction *** more reduced magmas associated with sedimentary sources,became established at 2.6 Ga,presumably in response to continental rocks rising above sealevel,and f.llow peaks of.productivity associated with the supercontinent cycle.

关键词： Oxidation state Supercontinent Weathering Subduction Zircon Granite

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Machine Learning and Statistical Analysis in Groundwater Monitoring f.r Total Dissolved Solids Assessment in Winkler County, Texas

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j.urnal of.Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第6期12卷 1-29页

作者： Azuka I. Udeh Osayamen j. Imarhiagbe Erepamo j. Omietimi Abdulqudus O. Mohammed Oluwatomilola Andre-Obayanj. Department of.Geoscience University of Texas Permian Basin Odessa USA Department of.Geology University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa Department of.Geology University of Benin Benin Nigeria

This research aims to develop reliable models using machine learning algorithms to precisely predict Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) in wells of.the Permian basin, Winkler County, Texas. The data f.r this contribution was obtained f.om the Texas Water Development Board website (TWDB). f.ve hundred and ninety-three samples were obtained f.om two hundred and ninety-eight wells in the study area. The wells were drilled at dif.erent county locations into f.ve aquif.rs, including Pecos Valley, Dockum, Capitan Reef. Edward Trinity, and Rustler aquif.rs. A total of.f.urteen dif.erent water quality parameters were used, and they include Potential hydrogen (pH), Sodium, Chloride, Magnesium, f.uoride, TDS, Specif.c Conductance, Nitrate, Total Hardness, Calcium, Temperature, Well Depth, Sulphate, and Bicarbonates. f.ur machine learning regression algorithms were developed to get a good model to help predict TDS in this area: Decision Tree regression, Linear regression, Support Vector Regression, and K-nearest neighbor. The study showed that the Decision Tree produced the best model with attributes like the coef.icient of.determination R2 = 1.00 and 0.96 f.r the training and testing, respectively. It also produced the lowest score of.mean absolute error MAE = 0.00 and 0.04 f.r training and testing, respectively. This study will reduce the cost of.obtaining dif.erent water quality parameters in TDS determination by leveraging machine learning to use only the parameters contributing to TDS, thereby helping researchers obtain only the parameters necessary f.r TDS prediction. It will also help the authorities enact policies that will improve the water quality in areas where drinking water availability is a challenge by providing important inf.rmation f.r monitoring and assessing groundwater quality.

关键词： Machine Learning Regression Aquif.rs Winkler County Sinkholes

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The song remains the same： j.venile Richardson＇s ground squirrels do not respond dif.erentially to mother＇s or colony member＇s alarm calls

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Current Zoology 2012年第5期58卷 773-780页

作者： j.mes f. HARE Kurtis j. WARKENTIN Department of.Biological Sciences University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB Canada R3T 2N2 Department of.Zoology Brandon University Brandon MB R7A 6A9

Alarm calls are emitted by Richardson＇s ground squirrels Urocitellus richardsonii in response to avian and terrestrial predators. Conspecif.cs detecting these calls respond with increased vigilance, promoting predator detection and evasion, but in doing so, lose time f.om f.raging. That loss can be minimized if.alarm call recipients discriminate among signalers, and weight their response accordingly. f.r j.venile ground squirrels, we predicted that the trade-of. between f.raging and vigilance could be optimized via selective response to alarm calls emitted by their own dam, and/or neighboring colony members over calls broad- cast by less f.miliar conspecif.cs. Alarm calls of.adult f.male Richardson＇s ground squirrels were elicited in the f.eld using a predator model and recorded on digital audio tape. f.ee-living f.cal j.veniles were subj.cted to playbacks of.a call of.their mother, and on a separate occasion a call f.om either another adult f.male f.om their own colony, or an adult f.male f.om another colony. Neither immediate postural responses and escape behavior, nor the duration of.vigilance manif.sted by j.veniles dif.ered with exposure to alarm calls of.the three adult f.male signaler types. Thus, j.veniles did not respond pref.rentially to alarm calls emitted by their mothers or colony members, likely ref.ecting the high cost of.ignoring alarm signals where receivers have had limited opportunity to establish past signaler reliability [Current Zoology 58 （5）： 773-780, 2012].

关键词： Alarm Signal Communication Maternal Call Recognition Signal Reliability Ground Squirrel Social Discrimination

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f.rther investigation on the f.sion of.^(6)Li with ^(209)Bi target at near-barrier energies

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第7期48卷 106-117页

作者：张高龙焦振威张广鑫 M.R.Cortes 胡世鹏钱建强 D.Mengoni 屈卫卫李聪博郑云张焕乔孙慧斌王楠张春雷 j.j.Valiente-Dobón D.Testov M.Mazzocco A.Gozzelino C.Parascandolo D.Pierroutsakou M.La Commara A.Goasduf. D.Bazzacco D.R.Napoli f.Galtarossa f.Recchia A.Illana S.Bakes I.Zanon S.Aydin G.de Angelis M.Siciliano R.Menegazzo S.M.Lenzi j.L.f.rreira j.Rangel Serkan Akkoyun L.f.Canto j.Lubian School of.Physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Sino-f.ench Institute of.Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Instituto de f.sica Universidade Federal Fluminense24210-340NiteróiRio de JaneiroBrazil Institute f.r Advanced Study in Nuclear Energy&Saf.ty Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of.Research and Manuf.cture of.High Purity Germanium Materials and f.tectors Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China INf. Sezione di PadovaPadovaItaly Dipartimento di f.sica Astronomia dell'Universita di padova PadovaItaly State Key Laboratory of.Radiation Medicine and Protection School of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China China Institute of.Atomic Energy Beijing 102413China The Key Laboratory of.Beam Technology and Material Modif.cation of.Ministry of.Education College of Nuclear Science and TechnologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China INf. Laboratori Nazionali di LegnaroI-35020 LegnaroItaly INf. Sezione di NapoliI-80126 NapoliItaly Dipartimento di f.rmacia Universitàdi Napoli"Federico II"I-80131 NapoliItaly Department of.Natural and Mathematical Sciences Faculty of EngineeringTarsus University33480 MersinTurkiye Physics Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemont-ILUSA Departamento de Matemaética Física e Computaç˜ao Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroFaculdade de Tecnologia27537-000ResendeRio de JaneiroBrazil Department of.Physics Sivas Cumhuriyet UniversitySivasTurkey Instituto de f.sica Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroCP 6852821941-972Rio de JaneiroBrazil

The complete and incomplete f.sion cross sections f.r ^(6)Li+^(209)Bi were measured using the in-beamγ-ray method around the Coulomb *** cross sections of.deuteron captured)incomplete f.sion(ICf.products were re-quantif.ed experimentally f.r this reaction *** results reveal that the ICf.cross section is equivalent to that of.complete f.sion(Cf.above the Coulomb barrier and dominant near or below the Coulomb barrier.A theoretical calculation based on the continuum discretized coupled channel(CDCC)method was perf.rmed f.r the af.rementioned Cf.and ICf.cross sections;the result is consistent with the *** universal f.sion f.nction(Uf.)was also compared with the measured Cf.cross section f.r dif.erent barrier parameters,demonstrating that the Cf.suppression f.ctor is signif.cantly inf.uenced by the choice of.potential,which can ref.ect both dynamic and static ef.ects of.breakup on the f.sion process.

关键词： cross section incomplete f.sion suppression f.ctor weakly bound nuclei

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Generation of.polarized electron beams through self.inj.ction in the interaction of.a laser with a pre-polarized plasma

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 62-68页

作者： L.R.Yin X.f.Li Y.j.Gu N.Cao Q.Kong M.Büscher S.M.Weng M.Chen Z.M.Sheng Key Laboratory of.Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application(MoE) Institute of Modern PhysicsDepartment of Nuclear Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina State Key Laboratory of.High f.eld Laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina SANKEN(Institute of.Scientif.c and Industrial Research) Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan Sichuan Research Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChengduChina Peter Grünberg Institut(PGI-6) Forschungszentrum JülichJülichGermany Institut f.r Laser-und Plasmaphysik Heinrich-Heine-Universität DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Key Laboratory f.r Laser Plasmas(MoE) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Collaborative Innovation Center of.If.A Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

Polarized electron beam production via laser wakef.eld acceleration in pre-polarized plasma is investigated by particlein-cell *** evolution of.the electron beam polarization is studied based on the Thomas±Bargmann±Michel±Telegdi equation f.r the transverse and longitudinal self.inj.ction,and the depolarization process is f.und to be inf.uenced by the inj.ction *** the case of.transverse self.inj.ction,as f.und typically in the bubble regime,the spin precession of.the accelerated electrons is mainly inf.uenced by the ***,in the case of.longitudinal inj.ction in the quasi-1D regime(f.r example,*** et al.,***.110,135002(2013)),the direction of.electron spin oscillates in the laser *** the electrons move around the laser axis,the net inf.uence of.the laser f.eld is nearly zero and the contribution of.the wakef.eld can be ***,an ultra-short electron beam with polarization of.99%can be obtained using longitudinal self.inj.ction.

关键词： laser wakef.eld acceleration longitudinal self.inj.ction particle-in-cell simulation polarized electron beam

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Analysis of.ancient mass extinction recoveries in marine environments: generating strategies f.r managing outcomes of.the current mass extinction

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 8-10页

作者： David j.Bottj.r Department of.Earth Sciences University of Southern California

The def.ning f.ature of.a mass extinction and its associated recovery is the global amount of.extinction that occurred[1]. However, there is f.ner-scale detail to the story, as seen in the ongoing modern mass extinction(the sixth mass extinction), which exhibits variable ef.ects among marine ecosystems and environments, and hence geographic areas [1].

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Global weirding at mass extinction horizons

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 10-12页

作者： Gregory j.Retallack Department of.Earth Sciences University of Oregon

A strong motivation f.r studying mass extinctions is understanding how current climatic and biodiversity crises will af.ect creatures living on land such as ourselves. Perhaps the question is: how bad can it get? In that case, terrestrial Permian-Triassic mass extinctions are an irresistible worst-case scenario [1].

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Magnetic Behaviour of.Sm2Co7/f./Sm2 Co7, Nanocomposite Trilayers with Cr and Ti Additions

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Chinese Physics Letters 2009年第3期26卷 255-257页

作者： f. Shahzad S. A. Siddiqi j. Zhou Advaaced Light Source Berkeley Lab University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA Centre f.r Solid State Physics University of the Punjab Lahore-54590 Pakistan Department of.Physics University of California Berkeley California 94720 USA

Trilayered Sm2Co7/f./Sm2Co7 spring exchange magnets are f.bricated by dc magnetron sputtering on MgO substrates. Very thin layers （0.3-0.7 nm） of.Cr and Ti are added at the interf.ces of.the two magnetic phases. The thickness of.StucCo7 is kept at 20nm and f. at 6nm while the thickness of.Cr and Ti are varied as 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7nm. The base pressure of.sputtering chamber is kept below 10^-7 Torr and Ar pressure at 3-8m Torr. The samples are characterized by x-ray dif.raction （XRD） and SQUID magnetometer. We report improvement in exchange coupling of.nonacomposite magnets by addition of.thin layers of.Cr at interf.ces.

关键词： No English Keywords

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