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Milk Replacer Acidification for Free-Access Feeding: Effects on the Performance and Health of Veal Calves

Open j.urnal of Animal Sciences 2016年第3期6卷 234-246页

作者： Cynthia G. Todd Ken E. Leslie Suzanne T. Millman j.n M. Sargeant Heather Migdal Kathleen Shore Neil G. Anderson trevor j. devries Department of Population Medicine Ontario Veterinary College University of Guelph Guelph ON Canada Department of Veterinary Diagnostic & Production Animal Medicine Iowa State University Ames IA USA Centre for Public Health and Zoonoses University of Guelph Guelph ON Canada Department of Animal Biosciences University of Guelph Guelph ON Canada Grober Nutrition Cambridge ON Canada Ontario Ministry of Agriculture Food and Rural Affairs Veterinary Science and Policy Unit Elora ON Canada

Obj.ctives of this study were to investigate the effects of milk replacer (MR) acidification for free- access feeding on pre- and post-weaning performance, morbidity and mortality of calves. Calves were randomly assigned to free-access feeding of acidified (ACID, n = 31) or non-acidified (NON, n = 31) MR, and weaned at 42 days. ACIDMR was prepared to pH 4.0 - 4.5 using formic acid. Intakes were measured daily and weights weekly. Samples of ACID and NON MR were analyzed for coliform and aerobic bacterial growth. After weaning, calves transitioned to a grain-fed veal diet, weighed every 2 weeks. At slaughter (approximately 6 months of age), lungs were evaluated for gross pathological changes and dressed carcass weights were obtained. Generalized linear mixed models were constructed to examine the effects of MR acidification. Differences by treatment group for pre- and post-weaning morbidity and mortality were tested using Pearson’s χ2 and Fisher’s exact tests. ACID calves consumed less MR than NON (10.6 vs. 11.7 L/d, P = 0.02). Acidification tended to promote earlier onset of starter ration consumption (32.0 vs. 39.5 d, hazard ratio = 1.5, P = 0.07), but did not affect average daily starter ration or water intakes across the pre-weaning period. ACID and NON calves did not differ for BW at weaning, pre- or post-weaning ADG or dressed carcass weight. ACID MR had less coliform (P < 0.001) and aerobic bacterial growth (P < 0.001) than NON MR, but odds of disease treatment and mortality did not differ. ACID calves tended to have lower odds of pulmonary lesions during post-mortem inspection than NON calves (OR = 0.3, P = 0.07). These results indicate that under free-access feeding conditions, acidification limited bacterial growth and MR intake, but there were no long-term impacts of acidification on calf performance or health. In conclusion, acidification to pH 4.0 - 4.5 will significantly reduce bacterial growth in milk fed to calves.

关键词： Acidified Milk Feeding Free-Access Milk Feeding Health Growth Veal Calves

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Effect of Laser Inj.ction Seeder on Rotationally Resolved Spectra of Benzonitrile

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Chinese Physics Letters 2010年第8期27卷 77-79页

作者：徐海峰 j.HNSON Philip M. SEARS trevor j. Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics 3ilin University~ Changchun 130012 Chemistry Department Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11974 USA Department of Chemistry Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA

High resolution lasers are necessary to derive the most information from molecular spectra. However, their use uncovers some photophysical processes that compromise the ability to resolve rotational structure. We study the influence of laser optical mode structure on the high resolution spectra of the S1 states of benzonitrile in a supersonic molecular beam using an Ar^＋ pumped cw ring dye laser which is amplified by a pulsed Nd： YA G laser. The latter could be operated either in one optical mode by inj.cting （seeding） its oscillator with a single mode diode laser, or with many optical modes by not using the seeder. Rotationally resolved lines are obtained when the oscillator of the YAG laser are operated in one single optical mode, but only a continuum is seen when the YAG laser has multiple modes. It is argued that the ac Stark effect is the most probable reason for broadening and blurring the rotational lines.

关键词： Lasers Uses Thinning

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Afterword to Semen Analysis in 21st Century Medicine special issue in Asian j.urnal of Andrology

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Asian j.urnal of Andrology 2010年第1期12卷 118-123页

作者： David j. Handelsman trevor G. Cooper Reproductive Endocrinology ＆ Andrology Director ANZA C Research Institute Sydney Australia Andrology Laboratory Institute of Reproductive Medicine of the University Munster Germany

We summarise and comment on the topics discussed by the contributors to this Special Issue. As an introduction, Ann j.quier＇s [ 1 ] generally positive assessment of the new-look manual was tempered with her res- ervations about reference values, on which other chapters dwelt at length. Aspects of laboratory technique were discussed by Charlene Brazil [2], whose offering gives a rare insight into the actual workings of andrology laboratories and highlights the need for greater involvement of laboratory directors （often clinicians） in assessing the quality of data provided.

关键词： no english key word

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Foreword to Semen Analysis in 21st Century Medicine special issue in Asian j.urnal of Andrology

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Asian j.urnal of Andrology 2010年第1期12卷 7-10页

作者： David j. Handelsman trevor G. Cooper Reproductive Endocrinology ＆ Andrology ANZA C Research Institute Sydney Australia Andrology Laboratory Institute of Reproductive Medicine of the University Munster Germany

Semen analysis as an integral part of infertility investigations has a surprisingly long history, emerging only slowly, from under a cloud of disrepute and occupying a solitary niche outside conventional pathology tests, until relatively recently. From origins in the 19th century when spermatozoa were only identified as present or absent in cervical mucus samples from postcoital tests, even then a practice deemed ＂... dabbling incompatible with decency and self-respect...＂（cited in [1]）.

关键词： no english key word

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Falling sperm counts and global estrogenic pollution： what have we learned over 20 years？

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Asian j.urnal of Andrology 2013年第2期15卷 159-161页

作者： David j.Handelsman trevor G Cooper ANZAC Research Institute Concord Hospital & University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales 2139 Australia Tuen Mun NT Hong Kong SAR PR ChinaGuest Editors for this special issue: Prof. DJ Handelsman

If scandal is the engine of progress in politics, and sensation is that of the media, while anti-modern panic is that of environmentalism, what is the dynamic of medical science？ Certainly discovery and invention represent the admirable high road, whereas competition and controversy represent the quotidian low road. This Special Issue is directed to reviewing the lessons learned from the most public, fervent and durable controversy in the short history of Andrology, the claims of world-wide falling sperm counts, due to global pollution by industrial estrogenic chemicals, published two decades ago.

关键词： EXTERNAL QUALITY-CONTROL SEMEN ANALYSIS REFERENCE RANGE IN-UTERO BIAS MEN ASSOCIATION GUIDELINES FERTILITY

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Falling sperm counts and global oestrogenic pollution：postscript

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Asian j.urnal of Andrology 2013年第2期15卷 208-211页

作者： trevor G Cooper David j.Handelsman Tuen Mun NT Hong Kong SAR PR China ANZAC Research Institute Concord Hospital & University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales 2139 Australia

This Special Issue provides reflections after 20 years, summarized in 12 papers, on the controversial issue of alleged decline in human sperm output due to global oestrogen pollution by industrial chemicals.

关键词： SEMEN

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Mantle-derived magmas:intraplate,hot-spots and mid-ocean ridges

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Science Bulletin 2015年第22期60卷 1873-1900页

作者： David H.Green trevor j.Falloon Earth Sciences School of Physical Sciences University of Tasmania

Primary or parental magmas act as probes to infer eruption and source temperatures for both mid-ocean ridge （MOR） and‘hot-spot＇ magmas （tholeiitic picrites）. The experimental petrogenetic constraints （＇inverse＇ experiments） argue for no significant temperature differences between them. However, there are differences in maj.r, minor and trace elements which characterise geochemical, not thermal, anomalies beneath ‘hot-spots＇. We suggest that diapiric upwelling from interfaces （redox contrasts） between old subducted slab and normal MOR basalt source mantle is the maj.r reason for the observed characteristics of island chain or ‘hot-spot＇ volcanism. Intraplate basalts also include widely distributed volcanic centres containing lherzolite xenoliths, i.e. mantle-derived magmas. Inverse experiments on olivine basalt, alkali oli- vine basalt, olivine basanite, olivine nephelinite, olivine melilitite and olivine leucitite （lamproite） determined liquidus phases as a function of pressure, initially under anhydrous and CO2-absent conditions. Under C- and H-absent conditions, only tholeiites to alkali olivine basalts had O1 ＋ Opx 4-Cpx as high-pressure liquidus phases. Addition of H20 accessed olivine basanites at 2.5-3 GPa, ,- 1,200 ℃, but both CO2 and H20 were necessary to obtain saturation with O1, Opx, Cpx and Ga at 2.5-3.5 GPa for olivine nephelinite and olivine melilitite. The forward and inverse experimental studies are combined to formulate a petrogenetic grid for intraplate, ‘hot-spot＇ and MOR magmatism within the plate tectonics paradigm. The asthenosphere is geochemically zoned by slow upward migration of incipient melt. The solidus and phasestabilities of lherzolite with very small water contents （〈3,000 ppm） determine the thin plate behaviour of the oceanic lithosphere and thus the Earth＇s convection in the form of plate tectonics. There is no evidence from the parental magmas of MOR and ‘hot-spots＇ to support the ＇deep mantle thermal plume＇ hypothesis. The preferr

关键词： experimentsMantle-derived magmas ·High-pressureC-H-O · Asthenosphere - Hot-spotsPlate tectonics

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Environmental engineering of transition metal dichalcogenide optoelectronics

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Frontiers of physics 2018年第4期13卷 21-52页

作者： trevor LaMountain Erik j. Lenferink Yen-j.ng Chen Teodor K. Stanev Nathaniel P. Stern Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA

The explosion of interest in two-dimensional van der Waals materials has been in many ways driven by their layered geometry. This feature makes possible numerous avenues for assembling and ma- nipulating the optical and electronic properties of these materials. In the specific case of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide semiconductors, the direct band gap combined with the flexibility for manipulation of layers has made this class of materials promising for optoelectronics. Here, we review the properties of these layered materials and the various means of engineering these properties for optoeleetronics. We summarize approaches for control that modify their structural and chemical en- vironment, and we give particular detail on the integration of these materials into engineered optical fields to control their optical characteristics. This combination of controllability from their layered surface structure and photonic environment provide an expansive landscape for novel optoelectronic phenomena.

关键词： transition metal dichalcogenides optoelectronics van der Waals materials heterostructures excitons

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Phylogenetic relationships of the Australian Oligo-Miocene ratite Emuarius gidj. Casuariidae

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Integrative Zoology 2014年第2期9卷 148-166页

作者： trevor H.WORTHY Suzanne j.HAND Michael ARCHER School of Biological Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of New South WalesNew South WalesAustralia School of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of AdelaideNorth TerraceAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia 不详

In Australia,ratites(Aves:Palaeognathae)are represented in the extant fauna by the family Casuariidae with 1 species of emu Dromaius novaehollandiae and 1 cassowary Casuarius *** Australian fossil re-cord reveals no other extinct ratite families but there are a number of other casuariid *** significant of these,due to its Oligo-Miocene age and because it is known from abundant material,is Emuarius ***,we describe additional material and confirm that the taxon had a temporal range of Late Oligocene to Mid-dle Miocene(approximately 24-15 Ma).We reveal new morphological details,including notably that the spe-cies had relatively much smaller eyes than ***,in addition to a less well-developed cursori-al ability,as inferred from its pelvic *** these respects,Emuarius is similar to Casuarius and suggest that it was adapted to denser vegetation than the open woodlands and grasslands that characterise much of Austra-lia today and to which ***,with its large eyes and enhanced cursorial ability,is strongly *** was compared to and found to be distinct from the poorly provenanced Australian fossil species *** conducted a phylogenetic analysis of morphological data that robustly shows that *** is the sister taxon of Dromaius and together these taxa form a clade that is sister to *** indicates that the evolution towards enhanced cursorality that characterises Dromaius took place after the divergence of the emu-cassowary lineages and was likely not the driving mechanism of this *** between ***-vaehollandiae and *** revealed no qualitative skeletal differences and we suggest that the latter tax-on is best considered to be an island dwarf that should be taxonomically recognized at a subspecific level only.

关键词： Australia Casuariidae Dromaius baudinianus emu evolution Emuarius phylogeny ratite

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Vortex Capturing Using PNS-WENO Schemes in Uniform and Non Uniform Mesh Formulations

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Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 2010年第4期2卷 399-429页

作者： Demian De Feo Ning Qin trevor j.Birch Sheffield University Aerodynamics and Thermofluids Group SheffiledUK Defence Science and Technology Laboratory FarnboroughUK

High order approximations of the vortical flowfield and resulting aerodynamic coefficients of complex supersonic vortical flows,are computed using the Implicit Parabolized Navier-Stokes solver(IMPNS).Third and fifth order Weighted Essentially Non-oscillating(WENO)schemes for evenly spaced and for stretched structured meshes are employed for the approximate Riemann solution of the inviscid cross flow *** approximate Riemann solution is obtained using the Osher and Solomon solver and the one-equation Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model is modified for an improved strain-vorticity *** indicate that even on much coarser meshes the 5th order PNS-WENO-Spalart-Allmaras approach may achieve results that are superior to previously published full Navier-Stokes solutions that employ a two-equation RANS model but the additional computational demand of schemes for non-uniform grids,may not be j.stifiable for smoothly varying *** proposed PNS-WENO scheme combination provides a novel approach that is fast,accurate and robust,and that can substantially reduce numerical dissipation and improve the resolution of the vortical structures.

关键词： PNS solutions WENO method vortical flows supersonic flows

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