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Entry into Midgut Epithelial Cells is a Key Step in the Selection of Genotypes in a Nucleopolyhedrovirus

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Virologica Sinica 2009年第4期24卷 350-358页

作者： Gabriel Clavijo trevor williams Delia Muoz Miguel López-Ferber Primitivo Caballero Laboratorio de Entomología Agrícola y Patología de Insectos Departamento de Producción Agraria Universidad Pública de Navarra Instituto de Agrobiotecnología CSIC Gobierno de Navarra Mutilva Baja Spain Instituto de Ecología A.C. Xalapa Veracruz Mexico Laboratoire de Gènie de l'Environnement Industriel Ecole de Mines d'Alès Alès France

An isolate of the Spodoptera frugiperda multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus comprises a stable proportion of deletion genotypes （e.g., SfNIC-C）, that lack pifl and pif2 rendering them noninfectious per os, and that survive by complementation with a complete genotype （SfNIC-B） in coinfected cells. To determine whether selection for particular ratios of complete and deletion genotypes occurs mainly during the establishment of the primary infection in insect midgut cells or during subsequent systemic infection, we examined genotype frequencies in insects that fed on OBs comprising different co-occluded mixtures of genotypes. Dramatic changes in genotype frequencies were observed between the OB inoculum and budded virus （BV） samples taken from larvae inoculated with OBs comprising 10% SfNIC-B ＋ 90% SfNIC-C indicating that a marked reduction of SfNIC-C genotype had occurred in the insect midgut due to the immediate elimination of all OBs that originated from cells that had been infected only by SfNIC-C. In contrast, immediate changes were not observed in OBs comprising mixtures of 50% SfNIC-B ＋ 50% SfNIC-C or those comprising 10% SfNIC-B ＋ 90% SfNIC-C as most of the OBs in these mixtures originated from cells that had been infected by both genotypes. Subsequent changes in genotypic frequencies during five days of systemic infection were fairly small in magnitude for all genotypic mixtures. We conclude that the prevalence of defective genotypes in the SfNIC population is likely determined by a balance between host selection against OBs produced in cells infected by SfNIC-C alone and within-host selection for fast-replicating deletion genotypes. The strength of intra-host selection is likely modulated by changes in MOI during the infection period.

关键词： Nucleopolyhedrovirus, Defective genotypes Infection Selection

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Transcription factor AP-2α:a critical reguator during embryogenesis and mammary gland development

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Transcription factor AP-2α:a critical reguator during embry...

中国生物化学与分子生物学会第八届会员代表大会暨全国学术会议

作者： trevor williams Department of MCD Biology Yale UniversityUSA

The AP-2 family of transcription factors regulates important aspects of vertebrate embryogenesis and has beenlinked to the control of cell proliferation and *** AP-2 proteins constitute a distinct class of tran-scription factor,which is defined by the presence of a"basic-helix-span-helix"DNA binding and dimerization

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技术与现代社会

世界科学 1981年第5期 14-18页

作者： trevor I.williams 连真然

卜内门化学工业有限公司(ICI)的宣传杂志“Endeavour”现在办成了科学历史和化学启蒙的科学综合性杂志。主编***最近回忆了50年的历史,他说科学和技术似乎走上了和平与繁荣的高速发展道路,在进入约束时代之后,怀疑时代的继续,振动子振... 详细信息

卜内门化学工业有限公司(ICI)的宣传杂志“Endeavour”现在办成了科学历史和化学启蒙的科学综合性杂志。主编***最近回忆了50年的历史,他说科学和技术似乎走上了和平与繁荣的高速发展道路,在进入约束时代之后,怀疑时代的继续,振动子振动得很远。他谈到现代社会所面临的重大问题是环境和能源。为解决环境和能源问题,技术人员必须返回到原先的信念,重新宣布。

关键词：资源人口原子能发电站核电站现代社会环境保全能源体力劳动

Different Performances of H_2O_2 to Oxidise Aldicarb and Hexazinone in the Advanced Oxidation Process of Ozone/Hydrogen Peroxide

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2014年第3期31卷 348-353页

作者：冉治霖孙楚李绍峰 CRAIG Denver williams trevor John Hocking School of Transportation and Environment Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology College of Resources and Environment Northeast Agricultural University Shenzhen Key Lab of Industrial Water Saving&Municipal Sewage Reclamation Technology Shenzhen Polytechnic Institute School of Applied Science University of WolverhamptonWolverhampton WV1 1LYUK

The degradations of hexazinone and aldicarb by direct ozonation combined an advanced oxidation process( AOP) of O3/H2O2 were investigated in this study focusing on the oxidation mechanism by identifying the hydrogen peroxide consumption during the oxidation process of the two chemicals. The results showed that H2O2 could enhance the removal rate of the triazine herbicide hexazinone,and it was consumed along with the variation of removal rate in the light of different pH levels. The addition of H2O2 contributed little to the removal of the thiocarbamate herbicide aldicarb and H2O2 content kept constantly throughout the degradation process. Tert-butyl alcohol( TBA) effectively scavenged the ·OH radical for hexazinone,but had no effect on the removal rate of aldicarb. Aldicarb removal was mainly attributed to direct ozonation molecule in both O3( 97.00%) and O3/H2O2( 96.76%)systems. Moreover,sole O3 could hardly oxidize hexazinone whereas·OH radicals contribute respective 74.70% and 97.50% of removal in O3 system and O3/H2O2 AOP. All of these findings suggest that the mechanism of ·OH radical generation and the chain reaction in O3/H2O2 AOP should be further discussed.

关键词： hexazinone aldicarb O3/H2O2 direct and indirect oxidation H2O2consumption

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Reply:Is the evolution of tumors Darwinian or non-Darwinian?

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National Science Review 2018年第1期5卷 17-19页

作者： Marc J williams Benjamin Werner Chris P Barnes trevor A Graham Andrea Sottoriva Evolution and Cancer Laboratory Barts CancerInstitute Queen Marry University of London Department of Cell and Developmental Biology University College London Centre for Mathematics and Physics in the Life Sciences and Experimental Biology (CoMPLEX) University College London Centre for Evolution and Cancer The Institute of Cancer Research Department of Genetics Evolution and EnvironmentUniversity College London

Wu and colleagues’letter discusses the limitations of the use of a single sample per tumor to investigate neutral evolution in human *** evolution describes the situation in which there is no differential clonal selection amongst the population of cells within a cancer:all mutations thataccrue during growth are passengers and all drivers were already present in the

关键词： Reply:Is the evolution of tumors Darwinian or non-Darwinian VAF

Investigation of Protein Formulation Process by Light Scattering Detection

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Investigation of Protein Formulation Process by Light Scatte...

CEPC Technical Design Report

2005年全国高分子学术论文报告会

作者： Mark C．Stochl Arthur Ley trevor Havard Dyax Corp． 300 Technology SquareCambridgeMA 02139 Dyax Corp． 300 Technology SquareCambridgeMA 02139 Precision Detectors Inc．34 Williams WayBellinghamMA 02019

＜正＞Aggregate formation is an important concern in the purification,formulation,and storage of protein *** integrity of protein preparations is often monitored by HPLC using UV and RI ***,the characterization of aggregates present at very low levels poses a significant challenge to current HPLC *** we describe the use of HPLC with UV／RI

关键词： Light scattering protein aggregation formulation

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2024年第1期8卷 I0003-I0016,1-1091页

作者： Waleed Abdallah Tiago Carlos Adorno de Freitas Konstantin Afanaciev Shakeel Ahmad Ijaz Ahmed Xiaocong Ai Abid Aleem Wolfgang Altmannshofer Fabio Alves Weiming An Rui An Daniele Paolo Anderle Stefan Antusch Yasuo Arai Andrej Arbuzov Abdesslam Arhrib Mustafa Ashry Sha Bai Yu Bai Yang Bai Vipul Bairathi Csaba Balazs Philip Bambade Yong Ban Tripamo Bandyopadhyay Shou-Shan Bao Desmond P.Barber Ayse Bat Varvara Batozskaya Subash Chandra Behera Alexander Belyaev Michele Bertucci Xiao-Jun Bi Yuanjie Bi Tianjian Bian Fabrizio Bianchi Thomas Biekotter Michela Biglietti Shalva Bilanishvili Deng Binglin Denis Bodrov Anton Bogomyagkov Serge Bondarenko Stewart Boogert Maarten Boonekamp Marcello Borri Angelo Bosotti Vincent Boudry Mohammed Boukidi Igor Boyko Ivanka Bozovic Giuseppe Bozzi Jean-Claude Brient Anastasiia Budzinskaya Masroor Bukhari Vladimir Bytev Giacomo Cacciapaglia Hua Cai Wenyong Cai Wujun Cai Yijian Cai Yizhou Cai Yuchen Cai Haiying Cai Huacheng Cai Lorenzo Calibbi Junsong Cang Guofu Cao Jianshe Cao Antoine Chance Xuejun Chang Yue Chang Zhe Chang Xinyuan Chang Wei Chao Auttakit Chatrabhuti Yimin Che Yuzhi Che Bin Chen Danping Chen Fuqing Chen Fusan Chen Gang Chen Guoming Chen Hua-Xing Chen Huirun Chen Jinhui Chen Ji-Yuan Chen Kai Chen Mali Chen Mingjun Chen Mingshui Chen Ning Chen Shanhong Chen Shanzhen Chen Shao-Long Chen Shaomin Chen Shiqiang Chen Tianlu Chen Wei Chen Xiang Chen Xiaoyu Chen Xin Chen Xun Chen Xurong Chen Ye Chen Ying Chen Yukai Chen Zelin Chen Zilin Chen Gang Chen Boping Chen Chunhui Chen Hok Chuen Cheng Huajie Cheng Shan Cheng Tongguang Cheng Yunlong Chi Pietro Chimenti Wen Han Chiu Guk Cho Ming-Chung Chu Xiaotong Chu Ziliang Chu Guglielmo Coloretti Andreas Crivellin Hanhua Cui Xiaohao Cui Zhaoyuan Cui Brunella D'Anzi Ling-Yun Dai Xinchen Dai Xuwen Dai Antonio De Maria Nicola De Filippis Christophe De La Taille Francesca De Mori Chiara De Sio Elisa Del Core Shuangxue Deng Wei-Tian Deng Zhi Deng Ziyan Deng Bhupal Dev Tang Dewen Biagio Di Micco Ran Ding Siqin Dingl Yadong Ding Haiyi Dong Jianin AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer ScienceKrakow Anhui University HefeiAnhui Applied Physics Department Federal Urdu University of ArtsScience and TechnologyIslamabad Banaras Hindu University Institute of ScienceVaranasi Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University Bandirma Beihang University Beijing Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing Beijing Conveyi LTD Beijing Beijing Glass Research Institute Co. LtdBeijing Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing Beijing Normal University Beijing Brown University ProvidenceRI Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics Novosibirsk Cadi Ayyad University Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied PhysicsPolydisciplinary FacultyMarrakech Cairo University Giza Center for Theory and Computation National Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu Central China Normal University WuhanHubei Central South University ChangshaHunan Centro de Fisica Teorica de Particulas Universidade Tecnica de LisboaLisboa Chengdu KaitengSifang Digital Radio&TV Equipment Co. LtdChengduSichuan China academy of engineering physics MianyangSichuan China building materials academy Beijing China Center of Advanced Science and Technology Beijing China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing China Jiliang University HangzhouZhejiang China Nuclear Instrument CO. LTDBeijing China University of Geosciences Beijing China University of Geosciences WuhanHubei China University of Mining and Technology XuzhouJiangsu China West Normal University NanchongSichuan Chongqing University Department of PhysicsChongqing Chulalongkorn University Bangkok City University of Hong Kong Department of PhysicsHong Kong Cockcroft Institute Daresbury Cornell University IthacaNY CPPM(AMU/IPhU&CNRS/INP) Marseille Dalian Minzu University DalianLiaoning Dalian University of Technology Department of PhysicsDalian Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Hamburg Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems of Joint Institute for Nuclear Research(DLNP JINR) Dubna East China University Of Science And Technol

The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international *** complex comprises four accelerators:a 30 GeV Linac,a 1.1 GeV Damping Ring,a Booster capable of achieving energies up to 180 GeV,and a Collider operating at varying energy modes(Z,W,H,and tt).The Linac and Damping Ring are situated on the surface,while the subterranean Booster and Collider are housed in a 100 km circumference underground tunnel,strategically accommodating future expansion with provisions for a potential Super Proton Proton Collider(SPPC).The CEPC primarily serves as a Higgs *** its baseline design with synchrotron radiation(SR)power of 30 MW per beam,it can achieve a luminosity of 5×10^(34)cm^(-2)s^(-1)per interaction point(IP),resulting in an integrated luminosity of 13 ab^(-1)for two IPs over a decade,producing 2.6 million Higgs *** the SR power to 50 MW per beam expands the CEPC's capability to generate 4.3 million Higgs bosons,facilitating precise measurements of Higgs coupling at sub-percent levels,exceeding the precision expected from the HL-LHC by an order of *** Technical Design Report(TDR)follows the Preliminary Conceptual Design Report(Pre-CDR,2015)and the Conceptual Design Report(CDR,2018),comprehensively detailing the machine's layout,performance metrics,physical design and analysis,technical systems design,R&D and prototyping efforts,and associated civil engineering ***,it includes a cost estimate and a preliminary construction timeline,establishing a framework for forthcoming engineering design phase and site selection *** is anticipated to begin around 2027-2028,pending government approval,with an estimated duration of 8 *** commencement of experiments and data collection could potentially be initiated in the mid-2030s.

关键词： initiated exceeding precise