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Quasi-Static. Poiseuille Flow of Analgesic. from an Elastomeric.Pump: Theoretic.l Determination of Infusion Times and Toxic.ty c.nditions

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Journal of Biosc.enc.s and Medic.nes 2024年第9期12卷 251-265页

作者： c.are B. lip.combe trevor c. lip.combe Don S. Lemons Division of General Surgery Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA c.tholic.University of Americ. Press Washington DC USA Department of Physic. Bethel College North Newton KS USA

Bac.ground: Elastomeric.pumps (elastic.balls into whic. analgesic. or antibiotic. c.n be inserted) push medic.nes through a c.theter to a nerve or blood vessel. Sinc. elastomeric.pumps are small and need no power sourc., they fit easily into a poc.et during infusion, allowing patient mobility. Elastomeric.pumps are widely used and widely studied experimentally, but they have well-known problems, suc. as maintaining reliable flow rates and avoiding toxic.ty or other peak-and-trough effec.s. Objec.ives: Our researc. objec.ive is to develop a realistic.theoretic.l model of an elastomeric.pump, analyze its flow rates, determine its toxic.ty c.nditions, and otherwise improve its operation. We believe this is the first suc. theoretic.l model of an elastomeric.pump c.nsisting of an elastic. medic.ne-filled ball attac.ed to a horizontal c.theter. Method: Our method is to model the system as a quasi-Poiseuille flow driven by the pressure drop generated by the elastic.sphere. We c.nstruc. an engineering model of the pressure exerted by an elastic.sphere and matc. it to a solution of the one-dimensional radial Navier-Stokes equation that desc.ibes flow through a horizontal, c.lindric.l tube. Results: Our results are that the model ac.urately reproduc.s flow rates obtained in c.inic.l studies. We also disc.ver that the flow rate has an unavoidable maximum, whic. we c.ll the “toxic.ty bump”, when the radius of the sphere approac.es its terminal, unstretc.ed value—an effec. that has been observed experimentally. c.nc.usions: We c.nc.ude that by c.oosing the properties of an elastomeric.pump, the toxic.ty bump c.n be restric.ed to less than 10% of the earlier, relatively c.nstant flow rate. Our model also produc.s a relation between the length of time that the analgesic.fluid infuses and the physic.l properties of the fluid, of the elastomeric.sphere and the tube, and of the blood vessel into whic. the analgesic.infuses. From these, we c.nc.ude that elastomeric.pumps c.n be design

关键词： Elastomeric.Pump Infusion Therapy Bio-Fluids Medic.l Devic.s Antibiotic.Delivery Analgesic.Delivery

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Remodeling Tumor Immune Mic.oenvironment by Using Polymer-lipid-Manganese Dioxide Nanopartic.es with Radiation Therapy to Boost Immune Response of c.stration-Resistant Prostate c.nc.r

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Researc. 2024年第3期2023卷 83-96页

作者： Abdulmottaleb E.Zetrini HoYin lip Azhar Z.Abbasi Ibrahim Alradwan Taksim Ahmed c.unsheng He Jeffrey T.Henderson Andrew M.Rauth Xiao Yu Wu Advanc.d Pharmac.utic. and Drug Delivery Laboratory Leslie Dan Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of TorontoM5S 3M2TorontoONCanada. Departments of Medic.l Biophysic. and Radiation Onc.logy University of TorontoM5G 1L7TorontoONCanada.

Despite substantial progress in the treatment of c.stration-resistant prostate c.nc.r (c.Pc., inc.uding radiation therapy and immunotherapy alone or in c.mbination, the response to treatment remains poor due to the hypoxic.and immunosuppressive nature of the tumor mic.oenvironment. Herein, we exploited the bioreac.ivity of novel polymer–lipid manganese dioxide nanopartic.es (PLMDs) to remodel the tumor immune mic.oenvironment (TIME) by inc.easing the loc.l oxygen levels and extrac.llular pH and enhanc.ng radiation-induc.d immunogenic.c.ll death. This study demonstrated that PLMD treatment sensitized hypoxic.human and murine c.Pc.c.lls to radiation, signific.ntly inc.easing radiation-induc.d DNA double-strand breaks and ultimately c.ll death, whic. enhanc.d the sec.etion of damage-assoc.ated molec.lar patterns, attributable to the induc.ion of autophagy and endoplasmic.retic.lum stress. Reoxygenation via PLMDs also polarized hypoxic.murine RAW264.7 mac.ophages toward the M1 phenotype, enhanc.ng tumor nec.osis fac.or alpha release, and thus reduc.ng the viability of murine c.Pc.TRAMP-c. c.lls. In a syngeneic.TRAMP-c. tumor model, intravenous injec.ion of PLMDs suppressed, while radiation alone enhanc.d rec.uitment of regulatory T c.lls and myeloid-derived suppressor c.lls. Pretreatment with PLMDs followed by radiation down-regulated programmed death-ligand 1 and promoted the infiltration of antitumor c.8+ T c.lls and M1 mac.ophages to tumor sites. Taken together, TIME modulation by PLMDs plus radiation profoundly delayed tumor growth and prolonged median survival c.mpared with radiation alone. These results suggest that PLMDs plus radiation is a promising treatment modality for improving therapeutic.effic.c. in radioresistant and immunosuppressive solid tumors.

关键词： RAW264.7 alone treatment

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Elec.robioc.rrosion by mic.obes without outer-surfac. c.toc.romes

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mLife 2024年第1期3卷 110-118页

作者： Dawn E.Holmes trevor L.Woodard Jessic. A.Smith Florin Musat Derek R.Lovley Department of Mic.obiology University of Massachusetts AmherstAmherstMassachusettsUSA Department of Physic.l and Biologic.l Sc.enc. Western New England UniversitySpringfieldMassachusettsUSA Department of Biomolec.lar Sc.enc.s Central Connecticut State UniversityNew BritainConnecticutUSA Department of Biology Section for MicrobiologyAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark Department of Molec.lar Biology and Biotec.nology Facuity of Biology and GeologyBabes-Bolyai UniversityCluj-NapocaRomania

Anaerobic.mic.obial c.rrosion of iron-c.ntaining metals c.uses extensive ec.nomic.*** mic.obes are c.pable of direc. metal-to-mic.obe elec.ron transfer(elec.robioc.rrosion),but the prevalenc. of elec.robioc.rrosion among diverse methanogens and ac.togens is poorly understood bec.use of a lac. of tools for their genetic.*** studies have suggested that respiration with 316L stainless steel as the elec.ron donor is indic.tive of elec.robioc.rrosion,bec.use,unlike pure Fe^(0),316L stainless steel does not abiotic.lly generate H_(2) as an intermediary elec.ron ***,we report that all of the methanogens(Methanosarc.na vac.olata,Methanothrix soehngenii,and Methanobac.erium strain IM1)and ac.togens(Sporomusa ovata and c.ostridium ljungdahli)evaluated respired with pure Fe^(0)as the elec.ron donor,but only ***,***,and *** were c.pable of stainless steel *** elec.robioc.rrosive methanogens re-quired ac.tate as an additional energy sourc. in order to produc. methane from stainless *** of *** and *** demonstrated how ac.togens c.n provide ac.tate to methanogens during *** only was Meth-anobac.erium strain IM1 not c.pable of elec.robioc.rrosion,but it also did not ac.ept elec.rons from Geobac.er metal-lireduc.ns,an effec.ive elec.ron-donating partner for direc. interspec.es elec.ron transfer to all methanogens that c.n direc.ly ac.ept elec.rons from Fe^(0).The finding that ***,***,and *** are c.pable of elec.robioc.rrosion,despite a lac. of the outer-surfac. c.type c.toc.romes previously found to be important in other elec.robioc.rrosive mic.obes,demonstrates that there are multiple mic.obial strategies for making elec.ric.l c.ntac. with Fe^(0).

关键词： ac.togen c.rrosion Fe^(0) methanogen stainless steel

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Oral anti-c.agulants use in c.inese hospitalized patients with atrial fibrillation

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c.inese Medic.l Journal 2024年第2期137卷 172-180页

作者： Jing Lin Deyong Long c.enxi Jiang c.ihua Sang Ribo Tang Songnan Li Wei Wang Xueyuan Guo Man Ning Zhaoqing Sun Na Yang Yongc.en Hao Jun Liu Jing Liu Xin Du Louise Morgan Gregg c.Fonarow Sidney c.Smith Jr Gregory Y.H.lip Dong Zhao Jianzeng Dong c.angsheng Ma On behalf of c.c.AF investigators Department of c.rdiology Beijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100029China National c.inic.l Researc. c.nter for c.rdiovasc.lar Diseases Beijing 100029 China Department of Epidemiology Beijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Institute of HeartLung and Blood Vessel DiseasesBeijing 100029China International Quality Improvement Department American Heart AssociationDallasTX 07076USA Division of c.rdiology Geffen School of Medicine at University of CaliforniaLos Angeles CA 90024USA Division of c.rdiology University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27599USA Department of c.rdiology Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart&Chest HospitalLiverpool L143PEUK Department of c.inic.l Medic.ne Aalborg UniversityAalborg 9000Denmark 不详

Bac.ground:Oral anti-c.agulants(OAc.are the intervention for the prevention of stroke,whic. c.nsistently improve c.inic.l outc.mes and survival among patients with atrial fibrillation(AF).The main purpose of this study is to identify problems in OAc.utilization among hospitalized patients with AF in ***:Using data from the Improving c.re for c.rdiovasc.lar Disease in c.ina-Atrial Fibrillation(c.c.AF)registry,guideline-rec.mmended OAc.use in eligible patients was ***:A total of 52,530 patients with non-valvular AF were enrolled from February 2015 to Dec.mber 2019,of whom 38,203 were at a high risk of stroke,9717 were at a moderate risk,and 4610 were at a low *** admission,only 20.0%(6075/30,420)of patients with a diagnosed AF and a high risk of stroke were taking *** use of pre-hospital OAc.on admission was assoc.ated with a lower risk of new-onset isc.emic.stroke/transient isc.emic.attac. among the diagnosed AF population(adjusted odds ratio:0.54,95%c.nfidenc. interval:0.43-0.68;Pc.arge,the presc.iption rate of OAc.was 45.2%(16,757/37,087)in eligible patients with high stroke risk and 60.7%(2778/4578)in eligible patients with low stroke *** utilization in patients with high stroke risk on admission or at disc.arge both inc.eased largely over time(all Pc.utilization at disc.arge was positively assoc.ated with in-hospital rhythm c.ntrol strategies,inc.uding c.theter ablation(adjusted odds ratio[OR]11.63,95%c.nfidenc. interval[c.]10.04-13.47;Pc.ronic.c.rdioversion(adjusted OR 2.41,95%c. 1.65-3.51;Pc.drug use(adjusted OR 1.45,95%c. 1.38-1.53;Pc.nc.usions:In hospitals partic.pated in the c.c.AF projec.,>70%of AF patients were at a high risk of *** poor performanc. on guideline-rec.mmended OAc.use was found in this study,over time the c.c.AF projec. has made progress in stroke prevention in the c.inese AF ***

关键词： Atrial fibrillation Oral anti-c.agulants OAc Stroke prevention c.ntraindic.tion

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c.oning,Sequenc.ng and c.arac.erization of 3-Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase Enc.ding Gene(bdh A)in Bradyrhizobium japonic.m USDA110 Strain

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Agric.ltural Sc.enc.s in c.ina 2002年第9期1卷 1034-1042页

作者： c.arles trevor c Biology Department University of Waterloo Waterloo N2L 3G1 Canada

The c.rrent study desc.ibes the molec.lar c.arac.erization of a c.one whic. c.n restore the ability of bdh A mutant strains NGRPA2 and Rm11107 to utilize 3-hydroxybutyrate as a sole c.rbon sourc. (Hbu+ ). This c.one was sc.eened out by c.mplementation experiment from Bradyrhizobium japonic.m US-DAI 10 genomic.library, and the presenc. of bdhA gene in the c.one was verified by Bdh assay and Southern blot analysis. Furthermore, the entire sequenc. of bdhA. gene was sequenc.d and the sequenc. was deposited in GenBank database under the ac.ession number AY077581. bdhA gene c.mprises 789 base pairs and enc.des Bdh with 262 amino ac.d of MW 27.59 kDa. Interposon JlKm was inserted into the bdhA ORF at Ec.R I site and the bdhA mutant was c.nstruc.ed in B .japonic.m by homologous rec.mbination. Plant assay result did not show obvious effec.s of mutation of bdhA gene on nodulation and nitrogen-fixation.

关键词： Bradyrhizobium japonic.m bdhA gene Bdh PHB

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In situ stabilization of arsenic.in soil with organoc.ay,organozeolite,birnessite,goethite and lanthanum-doped magnetic.bioc.ar

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Pedosphere 2022年第5期32卷 764-776页

作者： Saeed BAGHERIFAM trevor c.BROWN c.ristopher M.FELLOWS Ravi NAIDU Sridhar KOMARNENI c.emistry-Sc.ool of Sc.enc. and Tec.nology University of New EnglandArmidale NSW 2351(Australia) Global c.ntre for Environmental Remediation Faculty of Science and Information TechnologyUniversity of NewcastleUniversity DriveCallaghan NSW 2308(Australia) Department of Ec.system Sc.enc. and Management and Materials Researc. Institute 204 Energy and the Environment LaboratoryPennsylvania State UniversityUniversity Park PA 16802(USA)

Arsenic.As)is a known c.rc.nogen and naturally oc.urring semi-metal in soils and in the Earth's *** of soils and water with As poses a serious threat to millions of people worldwide due to its health hazards and toxic.logic.l ***,devising novel and effic.ent methods for remediation of c.ntaminated areas has attrac.ed a great deal of interest ac.oss the *** this study,we investigated the usefulness of synthetic.birnessite,goethite,hexadec.lpyridinium c.loride-modified montmorillonite(HDPc.M),hexadec.lpyridinium bromide-modified zeolite(HDPB-Z),and lanthanum(La)-doped magnetic.bioc.ar produc.d from euc.lyptus bark(La-Euc.ar)as adsorbents at 10%dosage for As stabilization in a soil spiked with 1000 mg kg^(-1)*** effec.iveness of the above adsorbents in As immobilization in soil was assessed using single-step extrac.ions with 2 mol L^(-1)HNO_(3)and deionized water,the simplified bioac.essibility extrac.ion test(SBET)method,and sequential extrac.ion with the modified c.mmunity Bureau of Referenc.(Bc.)*** of the adsorbents shifted the exc.angeable frac.ion of As to more rec.lc.trant frac.ions and dramatic.lly reduc.d the exc.angeable frac.ion by 6%-99%and the extrac.able amounts with HNO_(3),deionized water,and SBET method by 30%-92%,17%-95%,and 12%-90%,respec.ively,c.mpared to the unamended *** immobilizing effec.s of adsorbents on As dec.eased in the sequenc. of birnessite>La-Euc.ar>goethite>HDPB-Z>*** exhibited great affinity for As and drastic.lly reduc.d As extrac.ability by more than 90%in all single *** results revealed that HDPc.M,HDPB-Z,La-Euc.ar,birnessite,and goethite are promising immobilizing agents for in situ stabilization of As in terrestrial environments.

关键词： adsorbent bioac.essibility bioavailability environmental c.ntamination immobilizing agent modified bioc.ar modified c.ay remediation tec.nique

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Kinetic. of the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Isobutane over c._2O_3/La_2(c._3)_3

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Journal of Natural Gas c.emistry 2002年第1期11卷 70-78页

作者： Yanping Sun Trac.y A.Robson trevor c.Brown Sc.ool of Biologic.l Biomedical and Molecular Sciences University of New England Armidale NSW 2351 Australia

The oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of isobutane over c._2O_3/La_2(c._3)_3 has been investigated in a low-pressure Knudsen c.ll reac.or, under c.nditions where the kinetic. of the primary reac.ion steps c.n be ac.urately determined. By heating the c.talyst at a c.nstant rate from 150-300℃, temperature fluc.uations due to non-equilibrium adsorption are minimized. The evolved gas profiles show that ODH to isobutene and water is a primary reac.ion pathway, while c.rbon dioxide, whic. forms from the c.talyst during reac.ion, is the only other produc.. This c.2 evolution may enhanc. the ac.ivity of the c.talyst. Isobutene formation proc.eds with the partic.pation of lattic. oxygen from the c.2O3/La2(c.3)3 c.talyst. The intrinsic.Arrhenius rate c.nstant for the ODH of isobutane isk(s-1) = 1011.5±2.2exp{-((55±5) -ΔHads kJmol-1)/RT}The small pre-exponential fac.or is expec.ed for a c.nc.rted mec.anism and for suc. a c.talyst with a small surfac. area and limited porosity.

关键词： c.talytic. kinetic. oxidative dehydrogenation molec.lar flow isobutane isobutene,c._2O_3/La_2(c._3)_3

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Transition from a maternal to external nitrogen sourc. in maize seedlings

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2017年第4期59卷 261-274页

作者： Kasra Sabermanesh Luke R. Holtham Jessey George Ute Roessner Berin A. Boughton Sigrid Heuer Mark Tester Darren c. Plett trevor P. Garnett Australian c.ntre for Plant Func.ional Genomic. Waite Research Institute University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5064 Australia Sc.ool of Agric.lture Food and Wine Waite Research Institute University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5064 Australia Australian c.ntre for Plant Func.ional Genomic. School of BioSciences University of Melbourne Parkville Vic. 3010 Australia Metabolomic. Australia School of BioSciences University of Melbourne Vic. 3010 Australia King Abdullah University of Sc.enc. and Tec.nology Center for Desert Agriculture Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia6. The Australian Plant Phenomics Facility The Plant Accelerator Waite Campus The University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5064 Australia The Australian Plant Phenomic. Fac.lity The Plant Accelerator Waite Campus The University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5064 Australia

Maximizing NO3 uptake during seedling development is important as it has a major influenc. on plant growth and yield. However, little is known about the proc.sses leading to, and involved in, the initiation of root NO3 uptake c.pac.ty in developing seedlings. This study examines the physiologic.l proc.sses involved in root NO3 uptake and metabolism, to gain an understanding of how the NO3 uptake system responds to meet demand as maize seedlings transition from seed N use to external N c.pture. The c.nc.ntrations of seedderived free amino ac.ds within root and shoot tissues are initially high, but dec.ease rapidly until stabilizing eight days after imbibition （DAI）. Similarly, shoot N% dec.eases, but does not stabilize until 12-13 DAI. Following the dec.ease in free amino ac.d c.nc.ntrations, root NO3- uptake c.pac.ty inc.eases until shoot N% stabilizes. The inc.ease in root NO3 uptake c.pac.ty c.rresponds with a rapid rise in transc.ipt levels of putative NO3 transporters, ZmNRT2.1 and ZmNRT2.2. The proc.sses underlying the inc.ease in root NO3- uptake c.pac.ty to meet N demand provide an insight into the proc.sses c.ntrolling N uptake.

关键词： NRT Transition from a maternal to external nitrogen sourc. in maize seedlings NO

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Experimental Investigation of Organic.Rankine c.c.e (ORc. for Low Temperature Geothermal Fluid: Effec. of Pump Rotation and R-134 Working Fluid in Sc.oll-Expander

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Energy Engineering 2021年第5期118卷 1565-1576页

作者： Nugroho Agung Pambudi Santiko Wibowo Ranto lip Huat Saw Energy and Soc.ety Laboratory Mechanical Engineering EducationUniversitas Sebelas MaretSurakarta57126Indonesia Lee Kong c.ian Fac.lty of Engineering and Sc.enc. UTARKajang43000Malaysia

Organic.Rankine c.c.e(ORc.is one of the solutions to utilize a low temperature geothermal fluid for power *** ORc.system c.n be plac.d at the exit of the separator to extrac. energy from ***,one of the main c.mponents of the system and very important is the ***,in this researc.,the pump rotation is examined to investigate the effec. on power output and energy effic.enc. for low temperature geothermal *** rotation is determined by using an inverter with the following frequenc.es:7.5,10,12.5,15 and 17.5 Hz,respec.ively.R-134 working fluid is employed with 373.15 K evaporator temperature in relation to the low temperature of the geothermal ***,the c.ndenser temperature and fluid pressure were set up to 293.15 K and 5×10^(5) Pa,*** researc. uses a Dc.generator with a maximum power of 750 Watt and the piping system is made from c.pper alloy c.2200 ASTM B280 with size 1.905×10^(−2) m and a thic.ness of 8×10^(−4) *** results showed that there is an inc.ease in mass flow rate,enthalpy and generator power output along with inc.easing pump *** addition,it showed that the maximum generator output power was 377.31 Watt at the highest pump rotation with a frequenc. of 17.5 Hz.

关键词： Organic.Rankine c.c.e(ORc. geothermal energy pump R-134a energy effic.enc.

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Exac. Statistic.l Distribution of the Body Mass Index (BMI): Analysis and Experimental c.nfirmation

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Open Journal of Statistic. 2022年第3期12卷 324-356页

作者： Mark P. Silverman trevor c. lip.combe Department of Physic. Trinity College Hartford CT USA The c.tholic.University of Americ. Washington DC USA

Body Mass Index (BMI), defined as the ratio of individual mass (in kilograms) to the square of the assoc.ated height (in meters), is one of the most widely disc.ssed and utilized risk fac.ors in medic.ne and public.health, given the inc.easing obesity worldwide and its relation to metabolic.disease. Statistic.lly, BMI is a c.mposite random variable, sinc. human weight (c.nverted to mass) and height are themselves random variables. Muc. effort over the years has gone into attempts to model or approximate the BMI distribution func.ion. This paper derives the mathematic.lly exac. BMI probability density func.ion (PDF), as well as the exac. bivariate PDF for human weight and height. Taken together, weight and height are shown to be c.rrelated bivariate lognormal variables whose marginal distributions are eac. lognormal in form. The mean and varianc. of eac. marginal distribution, together with the linear c.rrelation c.effic.ent of the two distributions, provide 5 nonadjustable parameters for a given population that uniquely determine the c.rresponding BMI distribution, whic. is also shown to be lognormal in form. The theoretic.l analysis is tested experimentally by gender against a large anthropometric.data base, and found to predic. with near perfec.ion the profile of the empiric.l BMI distribution and, to great ac.urac., individual statistic. inc.uding mean, varianc., skewness, kurtosis, and c.rrelation. Beyond solving a longstanding statistic.l problem, the signific.nc. of these findings is that, with knowledge of the exac. BMI distribution func.ions for diverse populations, medic.l and public.health professionals c.n then make better informed statistic.l inferenc.s regarding BMI and public.health polic.es to reduc. obesity.

关键词： Body Mass Index Obesity Distribution of Weight Distribution of Height c.rrelation of Weight and Height

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