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Integrating Various Neural Features Based on Mechanism of Intricate Balance and Ongoing Activity: Unified Neural Account Underlying and Correspondent to Mental Phenomena

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2021年第2期11卷 161-210页

作者： Tien-Wen Lee Gerald tramontano The NeuroCognitive Institute (NCI) Clinical Research Foundation New Jersey US Department of Psychiatry Dajia Lee’s General Hospital Lee’s Medical Corporation Taichung Chinese Taipei

In recent decades, brain science has been enriched from both empirical and computational approaches. Interesting emerging neural features include power-law distribution, chaotic behavior, self-organized criticality, variance approach, neuronal avalanches, difference-based and sparse coding, optimized information transfer, maximized dynamic range for information processing, and reproducibility of evoked spatio-temporal motifs in spontaneous activities, and so on. These intriguing findings can be largely categorized into two classes: complexity and regularity. This article would like to highlight that the above-mentioned properties although look diverse and unrelated, but actually may be rooted in a common foundation—excitatory and inhibitory balance (EIB) and ongoing activities (OA). To be clear, description and observation of neural features are phenomena or epiphenomena, while EIB-OA is the underlying mechanism. The EIB is maintained in a dynamic manner and may possess regional specificity, and importantly, EIB is organized along the boundary of phase transition which has been called criticality, bifurcation or edge of chaos. OA is composed of spontaneous organized activity, physiological noise, non-physiological noise and the interacting effect between OA and evoked activities. Based on EIB-OA, the brain may accommodate the property of chaos and regularity. We propose “virtual brain space” to bridge brain dynamics and mental space, and “code driving complexity hypothesis” to integrate regularity and complexity. The functional implication of oscillation and energy consumption of the brain are discussed.

关键词： Excitation Inhibition Synapse Spikes Neural Codes Oscillation Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) Electroencephalography (EEG) Chaos Complexity Attractor Regularity Self-Organized Criticality Entropy

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The Traditional Chinese Medicine Plant Schisandra Chinensis as Source of New HIV-1Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor Scaffolds Effective also on Non-nucleoside Resistant Reverse Transcriptases

The Traditional Chinese Medicine Plant Schisandra Chinensis ...

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第十四届全国中药和天然药物学术研讨会

作者： Xu Lijia Grandi Nicole Del Vecchio Claudia Corona Angela Daniela Mandas Esposito Francesca Parolin Cristina tramontano Enzo Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD) University of Cagliari University of Padova

＜正＞Background HIV-1 reverse transcriptase（RT）is still an extremely attractive pharmaceutical target for the identification of new inhibitors possibly active on drug resistant *** plants are a rich source of chemical diversity and can be used to identify novel scaffolds to be further developed by chemical *** studies the Traditional Chinese Medicine fruit of

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SSIs in Italy: Prevention and Surveillance during the Last Five Years

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Surgical Science 2015年第8期6卷 383-394页

作者： Carlo de Werra Sergio Aloia Rosa di Micco Roberto del Giudice Roberto tramontano Francesco Mangani Ludovica Maria Esposito Gabriele di Filippo General Surgery Oncological Geriatric Endocrine and Advanced Technology Department University of Naples “Federico II” Naples Italy

Surgical site infections (SSIs) are recognized as a common surgical complication, occurring in about 2% - 5% of all surgical procedures. For this reason, it is the second most common nosocomial infection, representing the 19.6% of all infections observed in hospitalized patients and 38% of those observed among surgical patients. Among SSIs prevention strategies, surveillance has been proved to be very incisive. The most recent surveillance study carried out at a national level in Italy is SNICh protocol (National Surveillance System of Surgical Site Infections), which analyses data received from 127 Italian hospitals, from the 2009 to 2011 and the entire 2013. The only application of a surveillance strategy, observing the recommended prophylaxis protocols, brought to a reduction of SSIs: their incidence has been shown to be comparable to European or American one. Furthermore, recent studies have brought strong evidence that the development of new devices, such as dressings impregnated with silver nanoparticles or triclosan-coated sutures, is strongly connected with the reduction of incidence of SSIs. In conclusion, if common preventive techniques were applied to all surgical procedures performed in the country, about 14,000 SSIs per year could be avoided with a possible savings after three years between 50 million and EUR 175 million euro.

关键词： Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) General Surgery Infections Antibiotic Prophylaxis Prevention Surveillance

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Sennoside A,from the Traditional Chinese Medicine plant Rheum L.,is a New Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor Effective Against HIV-1 Replication

Sennoside A,from the Traditional Chinese Medicine plant Rheu...

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第十四届全国中药和天然药物学术研讨会

作者： Corona Angela Xu Lijia Grandi Nicole Del Vecchio Claudia Marta Cadeddu Dario Piano Esposito Francesca Parolin Cristina tramontano Enzo University of Cagliari Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD) University of Padova

＜正＞Background HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase inhibitors（RTI）are a primary resource for AIDS treatment,but the rapid selection of drug resistance strains requires the identification of novel powerful antiviral *** studies have correlated different categories of phenolic compounds,bioactive constituents Rhubarb,with anti-inflammatory,antioxidant and anticancer activities.

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High-resolution microendoscopy for esophageal cancer screening in China: A cost-effectiveness analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第18期21卷 5513-5523页

作者： Chin Hur Sung Eun Choi Chung Yin Kong Gui-Qi Wang Hong Xu Alexandros D Polydorides Li-Yan Xue Katherine E Perzan Angela C tramontano Rebecca R Richards-Kortum Sharmila Anandasabapathy Institute for Technology Assessment Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 United States Gastrointestinal Unit Massa- chusetts General Hospital Department of Endoscopy Cancer Institute and Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Department of Endoscopy The First Hospital of Jilin University Department of Pathology The Mount Sinai Medical Center Icahn School of Medicine Department of Pathology Cancer Institute and Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Department of Bioengineering Rice University Baylor Global Initiatives and the Baylor Global Innovation Center Baylor College of Medicine

AIM:To study the cost-effectiveness of high-resolution microendoscopy(HRME)in an esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)screening program in ***:A decision analytic Markov model of ESCC was *** model analyses were conducted for cohorts consisting of an averagerisk population or a high-risk population in *** 50-year-old individuals were followed until age 80 or *** compared three different strategies for both cohorts:(1)no screening;(2)standard endoscopic screening with Lugol’s iodine staining;and(3)endoscopic screening with Lugol’s iodine staining and an *** parameters were estimated from the literature as well as from GLOBOCAN,the Cancer Incidence and Mortality Worldwide cancer *** states in the model included non-neoplasia,mild dysplasia,moderate dysplasia,high-grade dysplasia,intramucosal carcinoma,operable cancer,inoperable cancer,and *** ESCC incidence transition rates were generated for the average-risk and high-risk *** in Chinese currency were converted to international dollars(I$)and were adjusted to 2012dollars using the Consumer Price ***:The main outcome measurements for this study were quality-adjusted life years(QALYs)and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio(ICER).For the average-risk population,the HRME screening strategy produced 0.043 more QALYs than the no screening strategy at an additional cost of I$646,resulting in an ICER of I$11808 per QALY *** endoscopic screening was weakly *** the high-risk population,when the HRME screening strategy was compared with the standard screening strategy,the ICER was I$8173 per *** both the high-risk and average-risk screening populations,the HRME screening strategy appeared to be the most cost-effective strategy,producing ICERs below the willingness-topay threshold,I$23500 per ***-way sensitivity analysis showed that,for the average-risk population,higher specificity of Lugol’s i

关键词： Cost-effectiveness analysis Diagnostic imaging Endoscopy Esophageal squamous cell cancer Simulation disease model

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亚急性脑卒中的前庭功能康复

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中国康复 2019年第1期34卷 21-21页

作者：李建华 tramontano M. 浙江大学医学院附属邵逸夫医院

前庭康复是一个日益增长的新兴领域,但是,很少有随机对照试验研究这方面的结果。本研究初步调查了前庭运动对亚急性卒中患者的有效性。将25例卒中导致单侧偏瘫患者随机分为两组,其中12例为对照组(CG),13例为前庭康复组(VR)。且这些患者... 详细信息

前庭康复是一个日益增长的新兴领域,但是,很少有随机对照试验研究这方面的结果。本研究初步调查了前庭运动对亚急性卒中患者的有效性。将25例卒中导致单侧偏瘫患者随机分为两组,其中12例为对照组(CG),13例为前庭康复组(VR)。且这些患者符合额外的入选标准,即能够在没有辅助装置的情况下独立行走。

关键词：急性脑卒中前庭康复功能康复偏瘫患者随机对照试验研究急性卒中初步调查

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胰腺癌高危个体的靶向筛查:仿真模型的结果

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国际医学放射学杂志 2015年第3期 281-281页

作者： P.V.Pandharipande C.Heberle E.C.Dowling C.Y.Kong A.tramontano K.E.Perzan 江峰 Massachusetts General Hospital Institute for Technology Assessment Massachusetts General Hospital 101 Merrimac St10th Floor Boston MA 02114 Harvard Medical School

目的从相对风险角度确定MR成像的筛查对已知或怀疑胰腺癌遗传易感病人的有效性。材料与方法作者研制了一个胰腺导管腺癌(PDAC)的马尔可夫模型。该模型

关键词：胰腺癌 MR 筛查 PDAC

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