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Two quantitative trait loci, Dw1 and Dw2, are primarily responsible for rootstock-induced dwarfing in apple

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Horticulture Research 2015年第1期2卷 301-309页

作者： toshi m foste. Jean-marc Celton David Chagné D Stuart Tustin Susan E Gardiner The New Zealand Institute for Plant&Food Research Ltd Palmerston North Private Bag 11600Palmerston North 4474New Zealand INRA UmR 1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences 49071 BeaucouzéFrance The New Zealand Institute for Plant&Food Research Ltd Havelock North Private Bag 1401Havelock North 4175New Zealand

The apple dwarfing rootstock‘malling9’(‘m9’)has been used worldwide both to reduce scion vigour and as a genetic source for breeding new *** of‘m9’segregate for rootstock-induced dwarfing of the scion,indicating that this trait is controlled by one or more genetic factors.A quantitative trait locus(QTL)analysis of a rootstock population derived from the cross between‘m9’×‘Robusta5’(non-dwarfing)and grafted with‘Braeburn’scions identified a major QTL(Dw1)on linkage group(LG)5,which exhibits a significant influence on dwarfing of the scion.A smaller-effect QTL affecting dwarfing(Dw2)was identified on LG11,and four minor-effect QTLs were found on LG6,LG9,LG10 and *** analysis indicates that the combination of Dw1 and Dw2 has the strongest influence on rootstock-induced dwarfing,and that Dw1 has a stronger effect than *** markers linked to Dw1 and Dw2 were screened over 41 rootstock accessions that confer a range of effects on scion *** majority of the dwarfing and semi-dwarfing rootstock accessions screened carried marker alleles linked to Dw1 and *** suggests that most apple dwarfing rootstocks have been derived from the same genetic source.

关键词： dwarf trait breeding

Seafood as a Reservoir of Gram-negative Bacteria Carrying Integrons and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Japan

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2015年第12期28卷 924-927页

作者： Ashraf m.Ahmed Akito maruyama Hazim O.Khalifa toshi Shimamoto Tadashi Shimamoto Department of Bacteriology Mycologyand ImmunologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineKafrelsheikh University Laboratory of Food microbiology and Hygiene Graduate School of Biosphere ScienceHiroshima University

PCR and DNA sequencing were used to screen and characterize integrons and resistance genes in Gram-negative bacteria isolated from seafood products in Japan.A total of 215 Gram-negative bacteria were isolated from local and imported seafood samples collected from retail markets in Hiroshima *** 1 integrons containing gene cassettes encoding resistance to trimethoprim

关键词： gene Seafood as a Reservoir of Gram-negative Bacteria Carrying Integrons and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Japan STR CmY

Attention sports fans! The far-reaching contributions of bud sport mutants to horticulture and plant biology

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Horticulture Research 2018年第1期5卷 447-459页

作者： toshi m.foste. maria JoséAranzana The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited Private Bag 11600Palmerston North4474New Zealand IRTA(Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries) BarcelonaSpain Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics(CRAG)CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Campus UABBellaterraBarcelonaSpain

A bud sport is a lateral shoot,inflorescence or single flower/fruit with a visibly different phenotype from the rest of the *** new phenotype is often caused by a stable somatic mutation in a single cell that is passed on to its clonal descendants and eventually populates part or all of a *** many cases,a bud sport can be vegetatively propagated,thereby preserving the novel phenotype without sexual *** sports provide new characteristics while retaining the desirable qualities of the parent plant,which is why many bud sports have been developed into popular *** present an overview of the history of bud sports,the causes and methods of detecting somaclonal variation,and the types of mutant phenotypes that have arisen *** focus on examples where the molecular or cytological changes causing the phenotype have been *** of these sports has provided valuable insight into developmental processes,gene function and regulation,and in some cases has revealed new information about layer-specific roles of some *** of the molecular changes causing a phenotype and in some cases reversion back to the original state has contributed to our understanding of the mechanisms that drive genomic evolution.

关键词： culture eventually sports

Apple dwarfing rootstocks exhibit an imbalance in carbohydrate allocation and reduced cell growth and metabolism

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Horticulture Research 2017年第1期4卷 311-323页

作者： toshi m foste. Peter A mcAtee Chethi N Waite Helen L Boldingh Tony K mcGhie The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited Palmerston North4474New Zealand The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited Auckland1142New Zealand The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited Hamilton3240New Zealand

Apple dwarfing rootstocks cause earlier shoot termination and reduced root and shoot *** identify physiological factors responsible for rootstock-induced growth restriction,we compared vascular-enriched gene expression between two dwarfing rootstocks(‘m27’and‘m9’)and the vigorous rootstock‘m793’using RNA sequencing and quantitative reverse transcriptase *** expressed genes common to both dwarfing rootstocks belonged to five main biological processes:(1)primary metabolism,(2)cell wall synthesis and modification,(3)secondary metabolism,(4)hormone signalling and response and(5)redox *** promoting the biosynthesis of amino acids,lipids and cell walls were downregulated in dwarfing rootstocks,whereas genes promoting the breakdown of these compounds were *** only exception to this trend was the upregulation of starch synthesis genes in dwarfing ***-structural carbohydrate analysis demonstrated that starch concentrations in‘m9’roots,stems and grafted‘Royal Gala’(‘RG’)scions were double that of equivalent tissues from‘RG’homo-grafted trees(‘RG’/‘RG’).Fructose and glucose concentrations were much lower in all three tissues of the‘RG’/‘m9’***,these data indicate that dwarfing rootstocks are in a state of sugar depletion and reduced cellular activity despite having large starch *** significant finding was the over-accumulation of flavonoids and the downregulation of auxin influx transporters mdAUX1 and mdLAX2 in dwarfing *** propose that both factors reduce polar auxin *** results of this study contribute novel information about the physiological state of dwarfing rootstocks.

关键词： walls roots dwarf

Genetic and genomic resources for Rubus breeding:a roadmap for the future

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Horticulture Research 2019年第1期6卷 260-268页

作者： toshi m.foste. Nahla V.Bassil michael Dossett margaret Leigh Worthington Julie Graham The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research(PFR)Ltd 55 Old Mill RoadMotuekaNew Zealand USDA ARS National Clonal Germplasm Repository(NCGR) 33447 Peoria Rd.CorvallisORUSA Blueberry Council(in Partnership with Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada)Agassiz Food Research Centre ColumbiaBC V0M 1A0Canada Department of Horticulture University of Arkansas316 Plant Science BuildingFayettevilleAR 72701USA The James Hutton Institute Errol RoadInvergowrieDundee DD25DAScotland

Rubus fruits are high-value crops that are sought after by consumers for their flavor,visual appeal,and health *** meet this demand,production of red and black raspberries(*** *** *** L.),blackberries(*** Rubus),and hybrids,such as Boysenberry and marionberry,is growing *** breeding programmes are continually striving to improve flavor,texture,machine harvestability,and yield,provide pest and disease resistance,improve storage and processing properties,and optimize fruits and plants for different production and harvest *** face numerous challenges,such as polyploidy,the lack of genetic diversity in many of the elite cultivars,and until recently,the relative shortage of genetic and genomic resources available for *** review will highlight the development of continually improving genetic maps,the identification of Quantitative Trait Loci(QTL)s controlling key traits,draft genomes for red and black raspberry,and efforts to improve gene *** development of genetic maps and markers,the molecular characterization of wild species and germplasm,and highthroughput genotyping platforms will expedite breeding of improved *** sequenced genomes and accurate gene models facilitate identification of genes underlying traits of interest and enable gene editing technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9.

关键词： breeding cultivar crops

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电梯驱动系统新技术

中国电梯 1996年第10期 22-24页

作者：黄文军 toshi.,m Hitachi Ltd. Japan 苏州迅达电梯有限公司 215008

1985年以来,日立公司业已开始提供变频控制调速电梯.随着矢量理论在变频控制方面的运用,实现了象控制直流电机那样有效地控制异步电机.

关键词：电梯驱动系统变频控制系统数字式

Chromosome-scale scaffolding of the black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.) genome based on chromatin interaction data

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Horticulture Research 2018年第1期5卷 868-878页

作者： Rubina Jibran Helge Dzierzon Nahla Bassil Jill m.Bushakra Patrick P.Edger Shawn Sullivan Chad E.Finn michael Dossett Kelly J.Vining Robert VanBuren Todd C.mockler Ivan Liachko Kevin m.Davies toshi m.foste. David Chagné The New Zealand Institute for Plant&Food Research Limited Private Bag 11600Palmerston North4474New Zealand USDA-ARS National Clonal Germplasm Repository 33447 Peoria RoadCorvallisOR97333USA Department of Horticulture Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824-2604USA Phase Genomics SeattleWA98195USA USDA-ARS Horticultural Crops Research Unit CorvallisOR97330USA B.C.Blueberry Council(in Partnership with Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada)Agassiz Food Research Centre AgassizBCV0M 1A0Canada The Donald Danforth Plant Science Center St.LouisMO63132USA Department of Genome Sciences University of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWA98195USA

Black raspberry(Rubus occidentalis L.)is a niche fruit crop valued for its flavor and potential health *** improvement of fruit and cane characteristics via molecular breeding technologies has been hindered by the lack of a high-quality reference *** recently released draft genome for black raspberry(ORUS 4115-3)lacks assembly of scaffolds to chromosome *** used high-throughput chromatin conformation capture(Hi-C)and Proximity-Guided Assembly(PGA)to cluster and order 9650 out of 11,936 contigs of this draft genome assembly into seven *** seven pseudo-chromosomes cover~97.2%of the total contig length(~223.8 mb).Locating existing genetic markers on the physical map resolved multiple discrepancies in marker order on the genetic *** regions were inferred from recombination frequencies of genetic markers,alignment of 303 bp centromeric sequence with the PGA,and heat map showing the physical contact matrix over the entire *** demonstrate a high degree of synteny between each of the seven chromosomes of black raspberry and a high-quality reference genome for strawberry(Fragaria vesca L.)assembled using only PacBio long-read *** conclude that PGA is a cost-effective and rapid method of generating chromosome-scale assemblies from Illumina short-read sequencing data.

关键词： breeding black interaction

单向碳纤维增强复合材料的力学性能分析(英文)

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纤维复合材料 2013年第4期30卷 -页

作者：菅原寿秀马图劳穆迪苏查丽妮滨田泰以阳玉球先端纤维科学京都工艺纤维大学纺织学院东华大学

本文主要研究了单向碳纤维增强复合材料的力学性能。以聚酰胺6和环氧树脂作为基体,以经过热熔工艺的单向碳纤维预浸料以及层压预浸料毡片作为增强体,通过热压工艺制成碳纤维增强复合材料板件物。通过拉伸实验,研究0°和90°取向的碳纤... 详细信息

本文主要研究了单向碳纤维增强复合材料的力学性能。以聚酰胺6和环氧树脂作为基体,以经过热熔工艺的单向碳纤维预浸料以及层压预浸料毡片作为增强体,通过热压工艺制成碳纤维增强复合材料板件物。通过拉伸实验,研究0°和90°取向的碳纤维增强复合材料样品的力学性能和界面性能,并通过扫描电子显微镜观察试样断面。研究发现,对于0°方向排列的样品,碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的拉伸强度和模量均高于碳纤维/聚酰胺复合材料。同时90°方向的样品也展现出与0°方向一致的结果。通过断面观察发现,碳纤维/环氧树脂展现出比碳纤维/聚酰胺6更优异的性能与断裂时断面出现更多纤维的断裂和拔出相对应。

关键词：碳纤维聚酰胺6(尼龙6) 环氧树脂界面性能复合材料