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No signature of selection on the C-terminal region of glucose transporter 2 with the evolution of avian nectarivory

Avian Research 2020年第4期11卷 380-390页

作者： Alexander M.Myrka tooba shah Jason T.Weir Kenneth C.Welch Jr. Department of Cell and Systems Biology University of Toronto25 Harbord St.TorontoON M5S 3G5Canada Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto Scarborough1265 Military TrailTorontoON M1C 1A4Canada Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Toronto Scarborough1265 Military TrailTorontoON M1C 1A4Canada

Background:Flying birds,especially those that hover,need to meet high energetic *** that meet this demand through nectarivory face the added challenges of maintaining homeostasis in the face of spikes in blood sugar associated with nectar meals,as well as transporting that sugar to energetically demanding *** has evolved many times in birds and we hypothesized that the challenges of this dietary strategy would exert selective pressure on key aspects of metabolic ***,we hypothesized we would find convergent or parallel amino acid substitutions among different nectarivorous lineages in a protein important to sensing,regulating,and transporting glucose,glucose transporter 2(GLUT2).Methods:Genetic sequences for GLUT2 were obtained from ten pairs of nectarivorous and non-nectarivorous sister *** performed PCR amplification of the intracellular C-terminal domain of GLUT2 and adjacent protein domains due to the role of this region in determination of transport rate,substrate specificity and ***:Our findings have ruled out the C-terminal regulatory region of GLUT2 as a target for selection by sugar-rich diet among avian nectarivores,though selection among hummingbirds,the oldest avian nectarivores,cannot be ***:Our results indicate future studies should examine down-stream targets of GLUT2-mediated glucosensing and insulin secretion,such as insulin receptors and their targets,as potential sites of selection by nectarivory in birds.

关键词： GLUT2 Nectarivory Avian Glucosensing Glucose Diet Insulin signalling

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The Influence of Depression on Different Age and Gender Groups in Bahawalpur

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Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2024年第7期8卷 196-207页

作者： Mehran Khan Muhammad shahbaz tooba Waris Shoaib Yaseen Iqra Afzal Emaan Khadim Sawera Usman Muhammad Ismail shah Sulaiman Aslam Zafar Iqbal Bahawalpur College of Pharmacy BMDC Complex63100PunjabPakistan

In Bahawalpur,a cross-sectional study assessed depression prevalence across age and gender groups,involving 442 participants from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds and *** the PHQ9 questionnaire,84%were found to meet depression *** findings revealed a higher incidence in females(88%)than males(79%),with the greatest disparity among young adults,particularly young women,due to factors like academic pressure and financial *** children had the lowest depression rates(68%),possibly due to better *** individuals exhibited more severe depression,likely related to aging and domestic *** study’s findings highlight a significant variation in depression severity across different demographic groups,with an overall higher incidence in *** research underscores the necessity for targeted mental health resources and interventions tailored to the specific needs of each demographic *** also points to the importance of addressing academic and socioeconomic stressors to mitigate depression,particularly among young *** the study provides valuable insights,it relies on self-reported data,which may introduce ***,future research should include clinical assessments to validate these findings and ensure a more accurate representation of depression within the community.

关键词： Influence Depression Different age Gender groups Bahawalpur

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Some non-linear height–diameter models performance for mixed stand in forests in Northwest Iran

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第5期17卷 1084-1095页

作者： Roya ABEDI tooba ABEDI Department of Forestry Ahar Faculty of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesUniversity of TabrizAhar ***Iran Environmental Research Institute Academic Center for EducationCulture and ResearchRasht 41635-3114Iran

This study evaluated the total height of trees based on diameter at breast height by using 23 widely used height-diameter non-linear regression models for mixed-species forest stands consisting of Caucasian oak,field maple,and hornbeam from forests in Northwest Iran.1920 trees were measured in 6 sampling plots(every sampling plot has 1 ha area).The fit of the best height–diameter models for each species were compared based on R2,Root Mean Square Error(RMSE),Akaike information criterion(AIC),standard error,and relative ranking performance *** the final step,verification of results was performed by paired sample t-test to compare the observed height and estimated *** showed that among 23 height-diameter models,the best models were obtained from the top five ones including Modified-logistic,Prodan,Sibbesen,Burkhart,and *** between the actual observed height and estimated height for Caucasian oak showed that Modified–Logistic,Prodan,Sibbesen,Burkhart,and Exponential performed better than the others,respectively(There were no statistically significant differences between observed heights and predicted height(p≥0.05)).Prodan,Modified-Logistic,Burkhart,and Loetch evaluated field maple tree height correctly,and Modified-Logistic,Burkhart,and Loetch had better fitness compared to the others for hornbeam,*** other models were introduced as appropriate criteria,they could not reliably predict the height of *** the Rank analysis,the Modified-Logistic model for the Caucasian oak and Prodan model for field maple and hornbeam had the best ***,to complement the results of this study,it is suggested to assess how environmental factors such as elevation,climate parameters,forest protection policy and forest structure will modify height-diameter allometry models and will enhance the prediction accuracy of tree heights prediction in mixed stands.

关键词： Arasbaran Forest inventory Height prediction Model validation Non-linear modeling Rank analysis

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An Implementation of Haar Wavelet Based Method for Numerical Treatment of Time-fractional Schrdinger and Coupled Schrdinger Systems

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2019年第1期6卷 177-187页

作者： Najeeb Alam Khan tooba Hameed the Department of Mathematics University of Karachi

The objective of this paper is to solve the timefractional Schr¨odinger and coupled Schr¨odinger differential equations(TFSE) with appropriate initial conditions by using the Haar wavelet approximation. For the most part, this endeavor is made to enlarge the pertinence of the Haar wavelet method to solve a coupled system of time-fractional partial differential equations. As a general rule, piecewise constant approximation of a function at different resolutions is presentational characteristic of Haar wavelet method through which it converts the differential equation into the Sylvester equation that can be further simplified easily. Study of the TFSE is theoretical and experimental research and it also helps in the development of automation science,physics, and engineering as well. Illustratively, several test problems are discussed to draw an effective conclusion, supported by the graphical and tabulated results of included examples, to reveal the proficiency and adaptability of the method.

关键词： Fractional calculus Haar wavelets operational matrix wavelets

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Takotsubo syndrome with underlying pheochromocytoma

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2021年第12期18卷 1068-1070页

作者： tooba Sahar Asaad Akbar Khan Raja Wajid Shabbir Cardiology Department Shifa International HospitalIslamabadPakistan

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy(TTC),also re-ferred as broken heart syndrome,is a type of non-ischemic cardiomyopathy usually preceded by exposure to significant physical or emotional stress.[1]Reported by Sato,et al.[2]in 1990 for the first time,the condition resembles acute coronary syndrome(ACS),characterised by chest pain and dyspnoea.[3]ST-segment elevation and/or T wave inversion and pathological Q waves are pre-sent in almost 40%of patients on electrocardiogram.[4]It is recently established that TTC causative factor is not only an acute emotional stress,but also sudden intracranial events,including haemorrhage,trauma and ischemic events;acute medical diseases such as sepsis and surgical interventions;increased secre-tion of endogenous catecholamines(pheochromocy-toma);and administration of exogenous catechola-minergic agents can contribute to the disease *** has been recognized by the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association as a dis-tinctive form of reversible cardiomyopathy.

关键词： acute cardiomyopathy al.

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Behavioral effects of a four-wing attractor with circuit realization: a cryptographic perspective on immersion

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2020年第12期72卷 35-70页

作者： Najeeb Alam Khan Muhammad Ali Qureshi tooba Hameed Saeed Akbar Saif Ullah Department of Mathematics University of KarachiKarachi 75270Pakistan Department of Physics University of KarachiKarachi 75270Pakistan Department of Mathematics Government College UniversityLahore 54000Pakistan

In this paper,we propose an innovative chaotic system,combining fractional derivative and sinehyperbolic nonlinearity with circuit *** study of this system is conducted via an analog circuit simulator,using two anti-parallel semiconductor diodes to provide hyperbolic sine nonlinearity,and to function as operational *** multi-stability of the system is also enhanced with the help of multi-equilibrium points for distinct real orders of *** system explores the generation of a four-wing attractor in different phases,both numerically and *** changing the input parameters of the system,different graphs are generated for current flow in state,phase,and space,to confirm the precision of the fractional order derivatives.A reasonable simulation shows that the deliberate circuit provides effective chaos in terms of speed and accuracy,which is comensurate with the numerical *** nonlinear chaotic behavior is utilized to encrypt sound(.wav),images(.jpg),and animated(.gif)data which are a major requirement for the security of communication *** proposed circuit performs chaos and cryptographic tasks with high-effective analog computation,and constitutes a novel approach to this area of research.

关键词： multi-wing attractors hyperbolic sine circuit realization encryption

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A Metaheuristic Approach to Optimize European Call Function with Boundary Conditions

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Journal of Systems Science and Information 2018年第3期9卷 260-268页

作者： Najeeb Alam KHAN Oyoon Abdul RAZZAQ tooba HAMEED Department of Mathematics University of Karachi Department of Humanities & Natural Sciences Bahria University

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the pricing European call option valuation problems under the exercise price,maturity,risk-free interest rate,and the volatility function. An advance methodology,Chebyshev simulated annealing neural network(Ch SANN),is enforced for the Black-Scholes(B-S) model with boundary conditions. Our scheme is stable and easy to implement on B-S equation,for arbitrary volatility and arbitrary interest rate values. Also,the comparative results demonstrate that the attained approximate solutions are converging towards the exact solution. The graphical results show that the increasing flow of the European call option as the exponential increase takes place in assets. The presented algorithm can be further applied to other financial models with certain boundary conditions. The algorithm of the method shows that the approach can also be easily employed on time-fractional B-S equation.

关键词： neural network numerical approximation Chebyshev polynomials

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Anti-encystment and amoebicidal activity of Lonicera japonica Thunb. and its major constituent Chlorogenic acid in vitro

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第9期9卷 844-850页

作者： tooba Mahboob Abdul-Majid Azlan Tian-Chye Tan Chandramathi Samudi Shamala Devi Sekaran Veeranoot Nissapatorn Christophe Wiart Department of Parasitology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaya Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaya School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Malaysia CampusJalan 56000 Semenyih

Objective:To examine the acanthamoebicidal effects of ethyl acetate,aqueous and butanol fractions of dried flower buds of Lonicera japonica(***) Thunb.(Flos Lonicerae) in ***:Acanthamoeba triangularis isolates were obtained from environmental water samples and identified by *** were exposed to ethyl acetate,water and butanol fractions of *** *** concentrations ranging from 0.5 mg/m L to 1.5 mg/m *** extracts were evaluated for growth inhibition at 24,48 and 72 h,*** acid at a concentration of 1 mg/mL was examined for inhibition of ***:Ethyl acetate fraction at a concentration of 1.5 mg/mL evoked a significant reduction of trophozoite viability by 48.9% after 24 h,49.2% after 48 h and 33.7% after 72 h Chlorogenic acid,the major active constituent of *** *** the concentration of 1 mg/mL reduced the cysts/trophozoite ratio by 100% after 24 h,84.0% after 48 h and 72.3% after 72 *** phenolic compound at concentration of 1 mg/mL concurrent with 0.6% hydrogen peroxide inhibited hydrogen peroxide-induced encystment by 92.8% at 72 ***:Results obtained from this study show that ethyl acetate fraction at 1.5 mg/m L is the most potent fraction of *** *** its major constituent chlorogenic acid showed the remarkable inhibition of encystment at a concentration of 1 mg/mL.

关键词： Acanthamoeba spp. Amoebicidal Chlorogenic acid Encystment Lonicera japonica Thunb.

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Quantum carpets:efficiently probing fractional revivals in position-dependent mass systems

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2023年第1期75卷 46-54页

作者： tooba Bibi Sunia Javed shahid Iqbal Department of Physics School of Natural SciencesNational University of Sciences and TechnologyH-12 IslamabadPakistan

Position-dependent-mass systems are of great importance in many physical situations,such as the transport of charge carriers in semiconductors with non-uniform composition and in the theory of many-body interactions in condensed *** we investigate,numerically and analytically,the phenomenon of fractional revivals in such systems,which is a generic characteristic manifested by the wave-packet evolution in bounded Hamiltonian *** the fractional revivals using specific probes is an important task in the theory of quantum measurement and *** numerically simulate the temporal evolution of probability density and information entropy density,which manifest self-similarly recurring interference patterns,namely,quantum *** numerical results show that the quantum carpets not only serve as an effective probe for recognizing the fractional revivals of various order but they efficiently describe the effect of spatially-varying mass on the structure of fractional revivals,which is manifested as a symmetry breaking in their designs.

关键词： wave-packet dynamics quantum carpets information carpets quantum revivals fractional revivals position-dependent mass schroedinger equation

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Spontaneous fungal peritonitis: Micro-organisms, management and mortality in liver cirrhosis-A systematic review

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World Journal of Hepatology 2019年第7期11卷 596-606页

作者： tooba Tariq Furqan B Irfan Mehdi Farishta Brian Dykstra Eric Martin Sieloff Archita P Desai Department of Internal Medicine Western Michigan UniversityKalamazooMI 49008United States College of Osteopathic Medicine Michigan State UniversityWEast LansingMI 48824United States Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Western Michigan UniversityKalamazooMI 49008United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202United States

BACKGROUND Spontaneous peritonitis is an infection of ascitic fluid without a known intraabdominal source of infection. spontaneous fungal peritonitis (SFP) is a potentially fatal complication of decompensated cirrhosis, defined as fungal infection of ascitic fluid in the presence of ascitic neutrophil count of greater than 250 cells/mL. AIM To determine the prevalence of fungal pathogens, management and outcomes (mortality) of SFP in critically ill cirrhotic patients. METHODS Studies were identified using PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Scopus databases until February 2019. Inclusion criteria included intervention trials and observation studies describing the association between SFP and cirrhosis. The primary outcome was in-hospital, 1-mo, and 6- mo mortality rates of SFP in cirrhotic patients. Secondary outcomes were fungal microorganisms identified and in hospital management by anti-fungal medications. The National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute quality assessment tools were used to assess internal validity and risk of bias for each included study. RESULTS Six observational studies were included in this systematic review. The overall quality of included studies was good. A meta-analysis of results could not be performed because of differences in reporting of outcomes and heterogeneity of the included studies. There were 82 patients with SFP described across all the included studies. Candida species, predominantly Candida albicans was the fungal pathogen in majority of the cases (48%-81.8%) followed by Candida krusei (15%- 25%) and Candida glabrata (6.66%-20%). Cryptococcus neoformans (53.3%) was the other major fungal pathogen. Antifungal therapy in SFP patients was utilized in 33.3% to 81.8% cases. The prevalence of in hospital mortality ranged from 33.3% to 100%, whereas 1-mo mortality ranged between 50% to 73.3%. CONCLUSION This systematic review suggests that SFP in end stage liver disease patient is associated with high mo

关键词： Spontaneous fungal peritonitis Bacterial peritonitis Liver Cirrhosis Critical

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