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Impact of comorbidities on the severity of chronic hepatitis B at presentation

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第14期18卷 1616-1621页

作者： Evangelista Sagnelli tommaso stroffolini Alfonso Mele Michele Imparato Caterina Sagnelli Nicola Coppola Piero Luigi Almasio Department of Public Medicine Section of Infectious DiseasesSecond University of Naples80132 NaplesItaly Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases Policlinico Umberto I00161 RomeItaly Laboratory of Epidemiology Clinical Epidemiology UnitIstituto Superiore di Sanità00161 RomeItaly Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Surgery "F.Magrassi e A.Lanzara" Second University of Naples80132 NaplesItaly Gastroenterology Unit University of Palermo90127 PalermoItaly

AIM:To evaluate the clinical relevance of each cofactor on clinical presentation of chronic hepatitis ***:Out of 1366 hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) positive subjects consecutively observed in 79 Italian hospitals,53(4.3%) showed as the only cofactor hepatitis D virus(HDV) infection [hepatitis B virus(HBV)/HDV group],130(9.5%) hepatitis C virus(HCV)(group HBV/HCV),6(0.4%) human immunodeficiencyvirus(HIV)(group HBV/HIV),138(10.2%) alcohol abuse(group HBV/alcohol);109(8.0%) subjects had at least two cofactors and 924 were in the cofactor-free(CF) ***:Compared with patients in group CF those in group HBV/alcohol were older and more frequently had cirrhosis(P < 0.001),those in group HBV/HDV were younger(P < 0.001),more frequently resided in the south of the country and had cirrhosis(P <0.001),those in group HBV/HCV were older(P < 0.001) and more frequently had cirrhosis(P < 0.001).These cofactors were all independent predictors of liver cirrhosis in HBsAg positive *** analysis showed that an older age [odds ratio(OR) 1.06,95% CI:1.05-1.08],alcohol abuse with more than 8 drinks daily(OR 2.89,95% CI:1.81-4.62) and anti-HDV positivity(OR 3.48,95% CI:2.16-5.58) are all independently associated with liver *** association was found also for anti-HCV positivity in univariate analysis,but it was no longer associated(OR 1.23,95% CI:0.84-1.80) at multivariate ***:Older age,HDV infection and alcohol abuse are the major determinants of severe liver disease in chronic HBV infection,while HCV replication plays a lesser role in the severity of hepatic damage.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis B Hepatitis B virus/hepatitis D virus dual infection Hepatitis B virus/hepatitis C virus dual infection Alcohol abuse

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Sustained virological response: A milestone in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第18期19卷 2793-2798页

作者： Filomena Morisco Rocco Granata tommaso stroffolini Maria Guarino Laura Donnarumma Laura Gaeta Ilaria Loperto Ivan Gentile Francesco Auriemma Nicola Caporaso Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia Gastroenterology Unit University of Naples "Federico Ⅱ" 80131 Naples Italy Dipartimento di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali University of Rome "La Sapienza" 00161 Rome Italy Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia Infectious Diseases Unit University of Naples "Federico Ⅱ" 80131 Naples Italy

AIM: To evaluate the long-term eradication of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and liver-related complications in chronically infected patients that have achieved sustained virological response. METHODS: One hundred and fifty subjects with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) or cirrhosis and sustained virological response (SVR) between the years of 1989 and 2008 were enrolled in a long-term clinical follow-up study at the Gastrointestinal and Liver Unit of the University Hospital of Naples "Federico Ⅱ". At the beginning of the study, the diagnosis of HCV infection was made on the basis of serum positivity for antibodies to HCV and detection of HCV RNA transcripts, while a diagnosis of chronic hepatitis was formulated using imaging techniques and/or a liver biopsy. SVR was achieved by interferon-based therapy, both conventional and pegylated, with and without ribavirin treatment. The patients were evaluated for follow-up at a median length of 8.6 years, but ranged from 2-19.9 years. Among them, 137 patients had pre-treatment CHC and 13 had cirrhosis. The patients were followed with clinical, biochemical, virological, and ultrasound assessments on a given schedule. Finally, a group of 27 patients underwent a liver biopsy at the beginning of the study and transient elastography at their final visit to evaluate changes in liver fibrosis. RESULTS: The median follow-up was 8.6 years (range 2-19.9 years). HCV RNA remained undetectable in all patients, even in patients who eventually developed liver-related complications, indicating no risk of HCV recurrence. Three liver-related complications were observed: two cases of hepatocellular carcinoma and one case of bleeding from esophageal varices resulting in an incidence rate of 0.23%/person per year. Further, all three complications took place in patients diagnosed with cirrhosis before treatment began. Only one death due to liver-related causes occurred, resulting in a mortality rate of 0.077% person per year. This amounts to a 99.33

关键词： Antiviral therapy Cirrhosis Hepatitis C virus Sustained virological response Fibrosis

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HBsAg kinetics after 7 years of therapy with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in a cohort of naïve patients affected by chronic hepatitis B with different genotypes

Infectious Medicine

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Infectious Medicine 2024年第1期3卷 75-78页

作者： Lucio Boglione tommaso Lupia Giacomo stroffolini Valentina Dodaro Giovanni Di Perri Department of Translational Medicine University of Eastern Piedmont28100 NovaraItaly Department of Medical Sciences Infectious DiseasesUniversity of Turin10138 TurinItaly

Background:The role of different genotypes in nucleos(t)ide analogs(NAs)treatment is still *** studies conducted on special populations evidenced that the E genotype had the lower virological and serological *** descriptive study aims to recognize the hepatitis B“s”antigen(HBsAg)decline during tenofovir disoproxil fumarate(TDF)treatment in a cohort of patient affected by chronic hepatitis B(CHB).Methods:We retrospectively included all patients with CHB treated with TDF between April 2007 and March 2012 with a duration of treatment of 7 *** of HBsAg was determined as serological response in this *** include 110 subjects;virological response was observed in all subjects with genotypes A,B,and D;in 17 patients with C genotype(94.4%)and 24 with E genotype(96%).HBeAg loss was observed in 2 patients with genotype A(50%),3 with B(100%),0 with C(0%),1 with D(20%),and 1 with E genotype(25%).Results:In multivariate analysis we observed as predictive factors of HBsAg decline the baseline level of HBsAg(OR=1.467;95%CI:1.221–5.113;p=0.017)and viral genotypes(OR=11.218;95%CI:5.441–41.138;p<0.001).Conclusion:This study confirmed higher HBsAg decline after 7 years of treatment in A and B genotypes,and lower in C,E,and D ***,no evidence is enough to choose a single NAs,but in special populations,as well as in genotype E,the use of TDF should be preferred to entecavir.

关键词： Hepatitis B Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate HBsAg decline Serological response Entecavir

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Solids that are also liquids: elastic tensors of superionic materials

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 2252-2264页

作者： Giuliana Materzanini tommaso Chiarotti Nicola Marzari Theory and Simulations of Materials(THEOS) École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneCH-1015 LausanneSwitzerland National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials(MARVEL) École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneCH-1015 LausanneSwitzerland Present address:Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences UniversitéCatholique de LouvainB-1348 Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium

Superionics are fascinating materials displaying both solid- and liquid-like characteristics: as solids, they respond elastically to shearstress;as liquids, they display fast-ion diffusion at normal conditions. In addition to such scientific interest, superionics aretechnologically relevant for energy, electronics, and sensing applications. Characterizing and understanding their elastic propertiesis, e.g., urgently needed to address their feasibility as solid-state electrolytes in all-solid-state batteries. However, static approachesto elasticity assume well-defined reference positions around which atoms vibrate, in contrast with the quasi-liquid motion of themobile ions in fast ionic conductors. Here, we derive the elastic tensors of superionics from ensemble fluctuations in the isobaric-isothermal ensemble, exploiting extensive Car-Parrinello simulations. We apply this approach to paradigmatic Li-ion conductors,and complement with a block analysis to compute statistical errors. Static approaches sampled over the trajectories oftenoverestimate the response, highlighting the importance of a dynamical treatment in determining elastic tensors in superionics.

关键词： ionic liquids ensemble

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Carbon sequestration in a bamboo plantation:a case study in a Mediterranean area

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第3期35卷 231-238页

作者： tommaso Chiti Emanuele Blasi Maria Vincenza Chiriaco Department for Innovation in Biological Agro-Food and Forest Systems(DIBAF)University of TusciaVia San C.De Lellis snc01100 ViterboItaly Foundation Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change(CMCC) Division on Climate Change Impacts on AgricultureForests and Ecosystem Services(IAFES)Via Garbini5101100 ViterboItaly

In the Mediterranean region,despite bamboo being an alien species that can seriously alter plant and ani-mal biocoenosis,the area occupied by bamboo plantations continues to increase,especially for the purpose to seques-ter carbon(C).However,the C dynamics in the soil-plant system when bamboo is grown outside its native area are poorly *** we investigated the C mitigation potential of the fast-growing Moso bamboo(Phyllostachys edulis)introduced in Italy for climate-change *** analyzed aboveground(AGB)and belowground(as root/shoot ratio)biomass,litter and soil organic C(SOC)at O-15-and 15-30-cm depths in a 4-year-old bamboo plantation in comparison with the former annual cropland on which the bamboo was *** have an idea of the maximum C stored at an ecosystem level,a natural forest adjacent the two sites was also *** the plantation,C accumulation as AGB was stimulated,with 14.8±3.1 Mg C ha^(-1) stored in 3 years;because thinning was done to remove culms from the first year,the mean sequestration rate was 4.9 Mg C ha^(-1) a^(-1).The sequestration rates were high but comparable to other fast-growing tree species in Italy(e.g.,Pinus nigra).SOC was significantly higher in the bamboo plantation than in the cropland only at the 0-15 cm depth,but SOC stock did not *** 4 years were not enough time for a clear increase in SOC,or the high nutrient uptake by bamboos might have depleted the soil nutrients,thus inhibiting the soil organic matter formation by *** comparison,the natural forest had significantly higher C levels in all the *** C dynamics at an ecosystem level,the bamboo plantation on the former annual cropland led to substantial C removal from the atmosphere(about 12 Mg C ha^(-1) a^(-1)).However,despite the promising C sequestration rates by bamboo,its introduction should be carefully considered due to potential ecological problems caused by this species in overexploited environments such as the Med

关键词： Carbon sequestration Climate change mitigation Mediterranean area Moso bamboo Soil organic carbon

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The role of copper in enhancing the performance of heteronuclear diatomic catalysts for the electrochemical CO_(2)conversion to C_(1) chemicals

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第10期85卷 490-500,I0013页

作者： Qi Zhao Rachel Crespo-Otero Devis Di tommaso Department of Chemistry School of Physical and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonLondon E14NSUK Department of Chemistry University College LondonLondon WC1H 0AJUK

Diatomic catalysts(DACs)with two adjacent metal atoms supported on graphene can offer diverse functionalities,overcoming the inherent limitations of single atom catalysts(SACs).In this study,density functional theory calculations were conducted to investigate the reactivity of the carbon dioxide(CO_(2))reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)on metal sites of both DACs and SACs,as well as their synergistic effects on activity and *** of the Gibbs free energies of CO_(2)RR and associated values of the limiting potentials to generate C_(1) products showed that Cu acts as a promoter rather than an active catalytic centre in the catalytic CO_(2)conversion on heteronuclear DACs(CuN_(4)-MN_(4)),improving the catalytic activity on the other metal compared to the related SAC MN_(4).Cu enhances the initial reduction of CO_(2)by promoting orbital hybridization between the key intermediate*COOH 2p-orbitals and the metals 3d-orbitals around the Fermi *** degree of hybridization in the DACs CuN_(4)-MN_(4) decreases from Fe to Co,Ni,and *** work demonstrates how Cu regulates the CO_(2)RR performance of heteronuclear DACs,offering an effective approach to designing practical,stable,and high-performing diatomic catalysts for CO_(2)electroreduction.

关键词： Electrocatalytic CO_(2)reduction Single atom catalysts Diatomic catalysts Graphene Density functional theory calculations

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Alpha-Klotho in Parkinson’s disease: a perspective on experimental evidence and potential clinical implications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第12期17卷 2687-2688页

作者： Piergiorgio Grillo Michele Basilicata tommaso Schirinzi Unit of Neurology Department of Systems MedicineUniversity of Roma Tor VergataRomeItaly Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery University of Roma Tor VergataRomeItaly

more than 20 years ago,and immediately emerged as a master regulator of aging-related processes,which basically operates as an anti-aging *** is expressed through the entire human body,representing the choroid plexus and the kidney as the most active sources at the central nervous system(CNS)and periphery level *** a lesser extent,also the parathyroid gland,the adipose tissue,and the liver express *** is a transmembrane protein serving as an essential co-receptor for fibroblast growth factor receptors,but,in general,it mediates a number of molecular pathways and biological functions at a multisystem *** fact,even a soluble form exists,originated by the extracellular domain cleavage,which circulates in human fluids,allowing a sort of systemic *** all the tissue-specific actions have not been completely clarified,there is solid evidence that KL regulates basic mineral homeostasis and internal metabolism pathways.

关键词： metabolism Klotho homeostasis

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The potential for an old-growth forest to store carbon in the topsoil:A case study at Sasso Fratino,Italy

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第2期35卷 23-32页

作者： tommaso Chiti Nicola Benilli Giovanni Mastrolonardo Giacomo Certini Dipartimento per la Innovazione nei Sistemi Biologici Agroalimentari e Forestali(DIBAF)Universitàdella TusciaVia San C.de Lellis Snc01100 ViterboItaly Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie AlimentariAmbientali e Forestali(DAGRI)Universitàdegli Studi di FirenzeP.le delle Cascine 1850144 FirenzeItaly

There is considerable interest devoted to oldgrowth forests and their capacity to store carbon(C)in biomass and *** of C stocks in old-growth forests are carried out worldwide,although there is a lack of information on their actual potential for C *** further understand this,soil organic carbon(SOC)was measured in one of Italy's best-preserved old-growth forests,the Sasso Fratino Integral Nature *** reserve is on the World Heritage List along with other ancient beech forests of Europe,and it is virtually untouched due to the steepness of the terrain,even before legal constraints were *** the sandstone-derived soils are often shallow,they are rich in organic ***,no quantification had been carried *** systematically sampling the topsoil across the forest,we accurately determined the average amount of SOC(62.0±16.9 Mg ha^(–1))and nitrogen(4.0±1.2 Mg ha^(–1))in the top 20 *** the CENTURY model,future dynamics of SOC stocks were predicted to 2050 according to two climate scenarios,A1F1 and B2,the first of high concern and the second more *** model projected an increase of 0.2 and 0.3 Mg ha^(–1)a^(–1)by 2030 under the A1F1 and B2 scenarios,respectively,suggesting that the topsoil in old-growth forests does not reach equilibrium but continues accumulating ***,from 2030 to 2050,a decline in SOC accumulation is predicted,indicating SOC net loss at high altitudes under the worst-case *** study confirms that soils in oldgrowth forests play a significant role in carbon *** also suggests that climate change may affect the potential of these forests to store SOC not only in the long term but also in the coming years.

关键词： Carbon sequestration CENTURY model Climate change Forest soil Soil nitrogen

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Synthesis and characterization of lanthanum bonded agar-carbomer hydrogel:a promising tool for biomedical research

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Journal of Rare Earths 2011年第3期29卷 259-264页

作者： Filippo Rossi Marco Santoro tommaso Casalini Giuseppe Perale Dipartimento di Chimica Materialied Ingegneria Chimica"G.Natta"Politecnico di MilanoVia Mancinelli7

Agar-Carbomer（branched poly（acrylic acid）） hydrogel,an injectable bio-resorbable scaffold with a controlled nanostructure specifically designed for neural cell housing,was developed together with a new protocol for building three dimensional biohybrid cell/hydrogel *** order to overcome classic structural analysis inconveniences due to the high water amount,which affects instruments results and reliability,agar-Carbomer hydrogels were synthesized by microwave-assisted block copolymerization together with La3＋ *** glycol,glycerol and buffered saline solution were used as cross-linking agents and solvent,*** properties were not affected by the presence of lanthanum,and were checked via swelling and rheological ***,the presence of La3＋ within the polymeric network was characterized by thermogravimetric analysis,environmental scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transformed infrared *** results showed that the rare earth presented uniform distribution in the hydrogel network due to the formation of chemical bonds after polymerization without being modified its luminescence emission spectrum that allowed hydrogel *** results made the obtained host-guest system a useful tool for analytical research studies concerning regenerative medical applications that could also be potentially taken up with in vivo experiments.

关键词： hydrogel acrylic acid agarose lanthanum luminescence drug delivery rare earths

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Pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease:Role of oxidative metabolism

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第47期20卷 17756-17772页

作者： Elisabetta Ceni tommaso Mello Andrea Galli Gastroenterology Unit Department of Experimental and Clinical Biochemical SciencesUniversity of Florence50139 FlorenceItaly Center of Excellence for Research Transfer and High EducationDENOtheUniversity of Florence50139 FlorenceItaly Fior Gen Foundation 50123 FlorenceItaly

Alcohol consumption is a predominant etiological factor in the pathogenesis of chronic liver diseases, resulting in fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, fibrosis/cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) involves complex and still unclear biological processes, the oxidative metabolites of ethanol such as acetaldehyde and reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a preeminent role in the clinical and pathological spectrum of ALD. Ethanol oxidative metabolism influences intracellular signaling pathways and deranges the transcriptional control of several genes, leading to fat accumulation, fibrogenesis and activation of innate and adaptive immunity. Acetaldehyde is known to be toxic to the liver and alters lipid homeostasis, decreasing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and increasing sterol regulatory element binding protein activity via an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent mechanism. AMPK activation by ROS modulates autophagy, which has an important role in removing lipid droplets. Acetaldehyde and aldehydes generated from lipid peroxidation induce collagen synthesis by their ability to form protein adducts that activate transforming-growth-factor-β-dependent and independent profibrogenic pathways in activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Furthermore, activation of innate and adaptive immunity in response to ethanol metabolism plays a key role in the development and progression of ALD. Acetaldehyde alters the intestinal barrier and promote lipopolysaccharide (LPS) translocation by disrupting tight and adherent junctions in human colonic mucosa. Acetaldehyde and LPS induce Kupffer cells to release ROS and proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines that contribute to neutrophils infiltration. In addition, alcohol consumption inhibits natural killer cells that are cytotoxic to HSCs and thus have an important antifibrotic function in the liver. Ethanol metabolism may also interfere with ce

关键词： Alcohol metabolism Acetaldehyde Reactive oxygen species Alcoholic liver disease Protein adducts Hepatic stellate cells Liver fibrosis CYP2E1

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