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Recruiting endogenous stem cells： a novel therapeutic approach for erectile dysfunction

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第1期18卷 10-15页

作者： Zhong-Cheng Xin Yong-De Xu Guiting Lin tom flue Ying-Lu Guo Andrology Center Peking University First Hospital Peking University Beijing 100034 China Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory Department of Urology School of Medicine University of California San Francisco CA USA.

Transplanted stem cells （SCs）, owing to their regenerative capacity, represent one of the most promising methods to restore erectile dysfunction （ED）. However, insufficient source, invasive procedures, ethical and regulatory issues hamper their use in clinical applications. The endogenous SCs/progenitor cells resident in organ and tissues play critical roles for organogenesis during development and for tissue homeostasis in adulthood. Even without any therapeutic intervention, human body has a robust self-healing capability to repair the damaged tissues or organs. Therefore, SCs-for-ED therapy should not be limited to a supply-side approach. The resident endogenous SCs existing in patients could also be a potential target for ED therapy. The aim of this review was to summarize contemporary evidence regarding：（1） SC niche and SC biological features in vitro; （2） localization and mobilization of endogenous SCs; （3） existing evidence of penile endogenous SCs and their possible mode of mobilization. We performed a search on PubMed for articles related to these aspects in a wide range of basic studies. Together, numerous evidences hold the promise that endogenous SCs would be a novel therapeutic approach for the therapy of ED.

关键词： endogenous stem cell erectile dysfunction homing niche

Three-dimensional mapping and comparative analysis of the distal human corpus cavernosum and the inflatable penile prosthesis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第4期15卷 567-570,I0012页

作者： Tariq S Hakky Daniel Ferguson Philippe E Spiess Paul Bradley tom flue Rafael E Carrion Department of Urology University of South Florida Tampa General Circle Tampa FL 33602 USA 23D3Solutions Burnaby BCV5J 5M8 Canada and Department of Urology University of Southern California San Francisco 400 Parnassus Ave San Francisco CA 94143 USA

The intricate anatomy of the corpus cavernosum in both the flaccid and tumescent state has not been fully elucidated. We report our experience using a three-dimensional （3D） scanner to reconstruct cadaveric casts and compare them with 3D images of two prototypes of penile prosthesis. Two different models of the Titan Coloplast inflatable penile prosthesis were analyzed using a 3D scanner. The first was the standard model and the second was a newer model with a rounder silicone tip. Two cadaveric phalluses were harvested using Smooth-Cast 300Q polyurethane molding. The molds were excised and scanned along side the penile prosthesis. 3D scans were completed and analyzed using Leios Mesh software, and GOM Inspect software. The 3D scans demonstrated the mean human corporal radii 2 mm from the distal tip to be 36.51 mm （36.01-37.0 mm）, which is an obtuse angle. The standard Titan penile prosthesis spherical radius at the same level was 202.52 mm, while the new silicone tip prosthesis had a radius of 139.33 mm. 3D mapping further demonstrated the trajectory of the cavernosa appeared curvilinear and the distal ends appeared blunt. The use of cadaveric cavernosal molds in combination with the 3D scanner allowed us to accurately image the corpus cavernosum for the first time. Our findings suggest that anatomically accurate corporal tips appear to be relatively blunt and that the new Titan silicone tip penile prosthesis more closely resembles the human corporal tip.

关键词： corpus cavernosum penile prosthesis three-dimensional analysis

低强度体外冲击波疗法激活精原干细胞在无精症中的应用展望

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第二军医大学学报 2020年第4期41卷 444-448页

作者：周铁 Guiting LIN tom flue 海军军医大学(第二军医大学)长海医院泌尿外科上海200433 美国加州大学旧金山分校泌尿外科旧金山94143-0738

低强度体外冲击波疗法(LI-ESWT)作为物理医学的一个代表具有多疾病、多方向的应用潜力,近年研究显示LI-ESWT可以招募、激活内源性干细胞。用LI-ESWT激活精原干细胞可给原发性非梗阻性无精症和医源性无精症患者的治疗带来新突破。本文拟... 详细信息

低强度体外冲击波疗法(LI-ESWT)作为物理医学的一个代表具有多疾病、多方向的应用潜力,近年研究显示LI-ESWT可以招募、激活内源性干细胞。用LI-ESWT激活精原干细胞可给原发性非梗阻性无精症和医源性无精症患者的治疗带来新突破。本文拟对LI-ESWT激活精原干细胞治疗无精症的应用进行展望。

关键词：低强度体外冲击波治疗干细胞男性不育生育力保存无精子症

Three important components in the regeneration of the cavernous nerve： brain-derived neurotrophic factor, vascular endothelial growth factor and the JAK/STAT signaling pathway

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第2期13卷 231-235页

作者： Hai-Yang Zhang Xun-Bo Jin tom flue Minimally Invasive Urology Center Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan 250021 China Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory Department ofUrology University of California San Francisco CA 94143 USA

Retroperitoneal operations, such as radical prostatectomy, often damage the cavernous nerve, resulting in a high incidence of erectile dysfunction. Although improved nerve-sparing techniques have reduced the incidence of nerve injury, and the administration of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors has revolutionized the treatment of erectile dysfunction, this problem remains a considerable challenge. In recent years, scientists have focused on brain-derived neurotrophic factor and vascular endothelial growth factor in the treatment of cavernous nerve injury in rat models. Results showed that both compounds were capable of enhancing the regeneration of the cavernous nerve and that activation of the Janus kinase （JAK）/signal transducer and activator of transcription （STAT） pathway played a major role in the process.

关键词： brain-derived neurotrophic factor erectile dysfunction Janus kinase signal transducer and activator of transcription vascular endothelial growth factor

Tunica albuginea allograft： a new model of LaPeyronie＇s disease with penile curvature and subtunical ossification

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第4期16卷 592-596页

作者： Ludovic Ferretti Thomas M Fandel Xuefeng Qiu Haiyang Zhang Hazem Orabi Alex K Wu Lia Banie Guifang Wang Guiting Lin Ching-Shwun Lin tom flue Department of Urology University of Bordeaux Bordeaux France Department of Urology Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory University of California San Francisco San Francisco California USA Hospital d'lnstruction des Armees Robert Picque Villenave D'Ornon France 4Department of Urology Assiut University Assiut Egypt. Department of Urology Assiut University Assiut Egypt.

The pathophysiology of LaPeyronie＇s disease （PD） is considered to be multifactorial, involving genetic predisposition, trauma, inflammation and altered wound healing. However, these factors have not yet been validated using animal models. In this study, we have presented a new model obtained by tunica albuginea allograft. A total of 40, 16-week-old male rats were used. Of these, 8 rats served as controls and underwent a 10 × 2-mm-wide tunical excisionwith subsequent autografting, whereas the remaining 32 underwent the same excision with grafting of the defect with another rat＇s tunica. Morphological and functional testing was performed at 1, 3, 7 and 12 weeks after grafting. Intracavernous pressure, the degree of penile curvature and elastic fiber length were evaluated for comparison between the allograft and control groups. The tissues were obtained for histological examination. The penile curvature was significantly greater in the allografted rats as compared with the control rats. The erectile function was maintained in all rats, except in those assessed at 12 weeks. The elastin fiber length was decreased in the allografted tunica as compared to control. SMAD2 expression was detected in the inner part of the allograff, and both collagen-Ⅱ- and osteocalcin-positive cells were also noted. Tunica albuginea （TA） allograft in rats is an excellent model of PD. The persistence of curvature beyond 12 weeks and the presence of ossification in the inner layer of the TA were similar to those observed in men with PD. Validation studies using this animal model would aid understanding of the PD pathophysiology for effective therapeutic interventions.

关键词： allograft animal model osteogenesis penile curvature penile surgery peyronie's disease