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Remaking a connection:molecular players involved in post-injury synapse formation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1719-1720页

作者： Diogo tomé Ramiro D.Almeida iBiMeD-Institute of Biomedicine Department of Medical SciencesUniversity of AveiroAveiroPortugal CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal

Functional recovery from central nervous system(CNS)trauma depends not only on axon regeneration or compensatory sprouting of uninjured fibers but also on the ability of newly grown axons to establish functional synapses with appropriate *** several studies have successfully promoted long-distance axonal regeneration in distinct CNS injury models,none of them have resulted in a viable therapeutic approach for patient recovery.A possible reason may be the lack of new synaptogenesis for reestablishing the circuitry lost after ***,we discuss how our understanding of the mechanisms that instruct synapse formation in the injured nervous system may contribute to the design of new strategies to promote functional restoration in traumatic CNS disorders.

关键词： viable injury instru

The Bamble Sector,South Norway:A review

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Geoscience Frontiers 2014年第5期5卷 635-658页

作者： Timo G.Nijland Daniel e.Harlov tom Andersen TNO P.O.Box 49.2600 AA Delft.The Netherlands GeoForschungsZentrum Telegrafenberg14473 Potsdam.Germany Department of Geology.University of Johannesburg P.O.Box 524.Auckland Park 2006.South Africa Department of Geosciences.University of Oslo P.O.Box 1047.Blindern.0316 Oslo Norway

The Proterozoic Bamble Sector, South Norway, is one of the world＇s classic amphiboliteto granulite- facies transition zones. It is characterized by a well-developed isograd sequence, with isolated ＇granulite-facies islands＇ in the amphibolite-facies portion of the transition zone. The area is notable for the discovery of C02-dominated fluid inclusions in the granolite-facies rocks by Jacques Touter in the late 1960＇s, which triggered discussion of the role of carbonic fluids during granulite genesis. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge of the Bamble Sector, with an emphasis on the Arendal-Froland-Nelaug-Tvedestrand area and off shore islands （most prominantly Tromay and Hisoy） where the transition zone is best developed. After a brief overview of the history of geological research and mining in the area, aspects of sedimentary, metamorphic and magmatic petrology of the Bamble Sector are discussed, including the role of fluids. Issues relevant to current geotectonic models for SW Scandinavia, directly related to the Bamble Sector, are discussed at the end of the review.

关键词： Bamble SectorSouth NorwayCharnockiteAmphibolire- ro granulire-facies transitionCO2BrinesPrecambrian

Redundancy in Biology and Robotics:Potential of Kinematic Redundancy and its Interplay with elasticity

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Journal of Bionic engineering 2020年第4期17卷 695-707页

作者： tom Verstraten Christian Schumacher Rapha(e)l Furnémont Andre Seyfarth Philipp Beckerle Robotics and Multibody Mechanics Research Group(R&MM) Vrije Universiteit Brussel and Flanders MakePleinlaan 21050 ElseneBelgium Institute of Sports Science TU DarmstadtMagdalenenstraβe 2764289 DarmstadtGermany elastic Lightweight Robotics Group Robotics Research InstituteTU DortmundOtto-Hahn-Straβe 844227 DortmundGermany Institüt fur Mechatronische Systeme im Maschinenbau TU DarmstadtOtto-Berndt-Straβe 264287 DarmstadtGermany

Redundancy facilitates some of the most remarkable capabilities of humans,and is therefore omni-present in our *** relationship between redundancy in robotics and biology is investigated in detail on the Series elastic Dual-Motor Actuator(SeDMA),an actuator inspired by the kinematic redundancy exhibited by *** actuator consists of two motors coupled to a single spring at the *** a system has a redundant degree of freedom,which can be exploited to optimize aspects such as accuracy,impedance,fault-tolerance and energy *** test its potential for human-like motions,the SeDMA actuator is implemented in a hopping *** on a physical demonstrator show that the robot's movement patterns resemble human squat *** conclude that robots with bio-inspired actuator designs facilitate human-like movement,although current technical limitations may prevent them from reaching the same dynamic and energetic performance.

关键词： bioinspired redundant actuation series elastic actuation hopping robots energy efficiency human physiology

Combustion analysis of a hydrogen-diesel fuel operated DI diesel engine with exhaust gas recirculation

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Frontiers in energy 2017年第4期11卷 568-574页

作者： M. LOGANATHAN A. VeLMURUGAN tom PAGe e. JAMeS GUNASeKARAN P. TAMILARASAN Department of Mechanical engineering Annamalai University Anna- malainagar 608002 India Product Design and Manufacturing Loughborough University Lough- borough LE11 3TU United Kingdom

The rapid depletion of fossil fuel and growing demand necessitates researchers to find alternative fuels which are clean and sustainable. The need for finding renewable, low cost and environmentally friendly fuel resources can never be understated. An efficient method of generation and storage of hydrogen will enable automotive manufacturers to introduce hydrogen fuelled engine in the market. In this paper, a conventional DI diesel engine was modified to operate as gas engine. The intake manifold of the engine was supplied with hydrogen along with recirculated exhaust gas and air. The injection rates of hydrogen were maintained at three levels with 2 L/min, 4 L/min, 6 L/min and 8 L/min and 10 L/min with an injection pressure of 2 bar. Many of the combustion parameters like heat release rate （HRR）, ignition delay, combustion duration, rate of pressure rise （ROPR）, cumulative heat release rate （CHR）, and cyclic pressure fluctuations were measured. The HRR peak pressure decreased with the increase in eGR rate, while combustion duration increased with the eGR rate. The cyclic pressure variation also increased with the increase in eGR rate.

关键词： hydrogen exhaust gas recirculation (eGR),diesel combustion heat release rate (HRR) combustionduration

Three-dimensional mapping and comparative analysis of the distal human corpus cavernosum and the inflatable penile prosthesis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第4期15卷 567-570,I0012页

作者： Tariq S Hakky Daniel Ferguson Philippe e Spiess Paul Bradley tom FLue Rafael e Carrion Department of Urology University of South Florida Tampa General Circle Tampa FL 33602 USA 23D3Solutions Burnaby BCV5J 5M8 Canada and Department of Urology University of Southern California San Francisco 400 Parnassus Ave San Francisco CA 94143 USA

The intricate anatomy of the corpus cavernosum in both the flaccid and tumescent state has not been fully elucidated. We report our experience using a three-dimensional （3D） scanner to reconstruct cadaveric casts and compare them with 3D images of two prototypes of penile prosthesis. Two different models of the Titan Coloplast inflatable penile prosthesis were analyzed using a 3D scanner. The first was the standard model and the second was a newer model with a rounder silicone tip. Two cadaveric phalluses were harvested using Smooth-Cast 300Q polyurethane molding. The molds were excised and scanned along side the penile prosthesis. 3D scans were completed and analyzed using Leios Mesh software, and GOM Inspect software. The 3D scans demonstrated the mean human corporal radii 2 mm from the distal tip to be 36.51 mm （36.01-37.0 mm）, which is an obtuse angle. The standard Titan penile prosthesis spherical radius at the same level was 202.52 mm, while the new silicone tip prosthesis had a radius of 139.33 mm. 3D mapping further demonstrated the trajectory of the cavernosa appeared curvilinear and the distal ends appeared blunt. The use of cadaveric cavernosal molds in combination with the 3D scanner allowed us to accurately image the corpus cavernosum for the first time. Our findings suggest that anatomically accurate corporal tips appear to be relatively blunt and that the new Titan silicone tip penile prosthesis more closely resembles the human corporal tip.

关键词： corpus cavernosum penile prosthesis three-dimensional analysis

The crystal structure of fibroblast growth factor 18 （FGF18）

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Protein & Cell 2014年第5期5卷 343-347页

作者： Alan Brown Lucy e.Adam tom L.Blundell Department of Biochemistry University of CambridgeCambridge CB2 1GAUK

Dear editor, Fibroblast growth factors （FGFs） regulate a plethora of crit- ical processes in development （Beenken and Mohammadi, 2009）. These processes are mediated by signaling through four FGF receptors （FGFR1-4）, which are high-affinity cell surface receptor tyrosine kinases. Receptors 1-3 undergo alternative splicing to generate b- and c-isoforms with altered ligand specificities and affinities. Ligand to receptor binding is not unique and one receptor can be activated by several FGFs. Heparan sulfate （HS） proteoglycan, a variably poly- sulfated glycosaminoglycan related to heparin, is an essential requirement for FGF signaling with FGFs varying in their specificities for different HS sulfation patterns （Galla- gher et al., 1992）.

关键词： crystal fibroblast FGF18

Damping of Pressure Pulsations in Mobile Hydraulic Applications by the Use of Closed Cell Cellular Rubbers Integrated into a Vane Pump

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Journal of Bionic engineering 2017年第4期14卷 791-803页

作者： David Bach tom Masselter Thomas Speck Plant Biomechanics Group Freiburg Botanic Garden Faculty of Biology University of Freiburg Schginzlestr. 1 79104 Freiburg Germany Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF) Stefan-Meier-StraBe 21 79104 Freiburg Germany Competence Networks Biomimetic and BIOKON e. V. Schainzlestr. 1 79104 Freiburg Germany

The present study evaluates the potential of a bio-inspired pulsation damper in a vane pump used in mobile hydraulic ap- plications. Pressure pulsations caused by such positive displacement pumps can lead to malfunctions and noise in a hydraulic system. A common measure to reduce pressure pulsations is the integration of pressure pulsation dampers downstream of the pump. This type of damping measure can also be found in biology as e.g. in the human blood circulatory system. Such working principles found in living organisms offer a high potential for a biomimetic transfer into technical applications. The newly developed bio-inspired damper consists of cellular rubbers with non-linear viscoelastic material properties. In order to evaluate the new damping method, pressure pulsations were measured at two different back pressures and at a wide engine speed range of the vane pump. For further assessment, different setups, varying the stiffness of the cellular rubber materials and the damper volume, were tested. Within the tested back pressures, the pressure pulsations could be reduced by up to 40%. The developed integrated pulsation damper offers a high potential to dampen pressure pulsations of positive displacement pumps used in mobile hydraulic applications ooeratin~ below 10 bar.

关键词： pressure pulsations pressure ripple vane pump bio-inspired pulsation damping cellular rubbers flexible foams

Instance Segmentation of Characters Recognized in Palmyrene Aramaic Inscriptions

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Computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2869-2889页

作者： Adéla Hamplová Alexey Lyavdansky tomášNovák Ondrej Svojše David Franc Arnošt Veselý Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague(CULS) Faculty of Economics and ManagementDepartment of Information EngineeringPrague16500Czech Republic National Research University Higher School of economics(HSe) Faculty of HumanitiesInstitute for Oriental and Classical StudiesMoscow101000The Russian Federation

This study presents a single-class and multi-class instance segmentation approach applied to ancient Palmyrene inscriptions,employing two state-of-the-art deep learning algorithms,namely YOLOv8 and Roboflow *** goal is to contribute to the preservation and understanding of historical texts,showcasing the potential of modern deep learning methods in archaeological *** research culminates in several key findings and scientific *** comprehensively compare the performance of YOLOv8 and Roboflow 3.0 in the context of Palmyrene character segmentation—this comparative analysis mainly focuses on the strengths and weaknesses of each algorithm in this *** also created and annotated an extensive dataset of Palmyrene inscriptions,a crucial resource for further research in the *** dataset serves for training and evaluating the segmentation *** employ comparative evaluation metrics to quantitatively assess the segmentation results,ensuring the reliability and reproducibility of our findings and we present custom visualization tools for predicted segmentation *** study advances the state of the art in semi-automatic reading of Palmyrene inscriptions and establishes a benchmark for future *** availability of the Palmyrene dataset and the insights into algorithm performance contribute to the broader understanding of historical text analysis.

关键词： Optical character recognition instance segmentation Palmyrene ancient languages computer vision

Analytical and technological aspects of amylose inclusion complexes for potential applications in functional foods

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Food Bioscience 2022年第3期47卷 17-31页

作者： Andrea e.Di Marco Vanesa Y.Ixtaina Mabel C.tomás Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos CIDCA CCT La Plata CONICETFacultad de Ciencias Exactas FCE-UNLPCICPBAcalle 47 y 1161900La PlataArgentina Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales FCAyF-UNLP calle 60 y 1191900La PlataArgentina

The linear component of starch,amylose,has the ability to interact with hydrophobic molecules forming inclusion complexes(ICs).These structures have gained a particular interest for potential food applications,either as dietary fiber or as delivery systems of bioactive *** the second case,the complexation of sensitive molecules is directed to protect them from processing,storage and stomach conditions and to guarantee a sustained release in the gastrointestinal *** present review covers the analytical and technological aspects of inclusion complexes,with focus on their potential application in the development of functional *** was addressed by first explaining the methodologies used for the analytical assessment of their structural,thermal,and functional properties,followed by the study of the functionality of ICs as carrier agents of different bioactive compounds and food ingredients,including alpha-lipoic acid,α-linolenic and linoleic fatty acids,conjugated linoleic acid,ascorbyl palmitate,phenolic compounds,and *** also covers the application of ICs in food products and the analysis of the potential industrial scalability of the formation *** analytical methodologies allowed a complete characterization of the *** structures have shown suitable functional properties as delivery systems of the bioactive compounds and flavors covered in this *** incorporation of ICs in food has led to the development of products with improved nutritional and/or functional *** successful formation of complexes using methods suitable for an industrial scale represents promising preliminary results to achieve the scalability of the ICs production in the near future.

关键词： Amylose inclusion complex Delivery system Bioactive compound V-type structure