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Size Effect of Impact Abrasive Particles on Wear and Surface Hardening Behavior of High‑Manganese Steel

Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2023年第6期36卷 906-916页

作者： Yongjin Wang Chuansongxin Song Renbo Song Zetian Ma tom Taylor School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Swansea University Swansea SA18EPUK

The size effect of impact abrasive particles on wear and surface hardening behavior of high-manganese steel was studied.Impact wear tests were carried out on MLD-10 tester with abrasive particle sizes of 6.0–0.75 mm,respectively.The results showed that the impact wear behavior and surface hardening mechanism of high-manganese steel were affected by the size of abrasive particles.A critical size of abrasive particle might exhibit to distinguish the impact wear behavior.When the abrasive particle size was larger than 0.75 mm,the wear mass loss generally showed a decreasing trend with the decrease of the abrasive particle size.Dislocation strengthening and mechanical twinning contributed to the good work hardening behavior.However,effective surface hardening layer could not be formed for sample tested with particle size of 0.75 mm and the wear mass loss was the highest among all the conditions.The weak hardening effect led to the sharp increase of the wear mass loss.Press-in abrasives could be observed on the wear surface when the abrasive particle size was larger than 0.75 mm.The press-in abrasives were peeled off from the wear surface and broken,leaving deep grooves and peeling pits.Material exchange with the sample would occur with the flow of abrasives.A large area of furrow was formed on the wear surface.For particle size of 0.75 mm,aggregated abrasives formed a dynamic buffer layer on the surface and the stress distribution was more even.The formation of buffer layer would lower the effect of the impact load and the work hardening effect could not be fully activated.The mutual extrusion among the abrasives,friction wheel and sample caused plastic deformation of the worn surface during impact test.The present study would help guiding to select the application field of high-manganese steel more precisely.

关键词： Abrasive particles Three-body impact wear High-manganese steel Wear mechanism Surface hardening behavior

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生活在重庆

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重庆与世界 2011年第6期 78-79页

作者：麦尔斯汤姆中国西南英国商会

去年九月,我和我的同学汤姆一起,从英国的肯特大学来到重庆,我们很快融入重庆的生活方式,来重庆几天后,我们找好房子,便开始探索这座城市。重庆的生活是快节奏而又不断变化的。在大学学习,参加实习,同时又参与一些社会活动,三者同时进... 详细信息

去年九月,我和我的同学汤姆一起,从英国的肯特大学来到重庆,我们很快融入重庆的生活方式,来重庆几天后,我们找好房子,便开始探索这座城市。重庆的生活是快节奏而又不断变化的。在大学学习,参加实习,同时又参与一些社会活动,三者同时进行是一件很困难的事。尽管如此,在重庆待的这七个月里让人很激动,和我们在英格兰的生活完全不同。

关键词：重庆商会中华人民共和国大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国英国会员

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A High-Speed Launching Mechanism Inspired by a Slingshot Spider’s Web

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第2期19卷 440-447页

作者： tom Bates John Gerig Manuel Avitia Gunnar Waldvogel Tesfay Legesse Justin Washington Pranav A.Bhounsule Robotics and Motion Laboratory Department of Mechanical and Industrial EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at Chicago842 W.Taylor St.ChicagoIL 60607USA

Slingshot spiders use their conical webs to launch themselves at high speeds to catch prey.We built a launching mechanism inspired by the slingshot spider.Our launch mechanisms comprise a steel structure with eye bolts to hold a conical web made from latex rubber tubing.We pull the web by a winch using a lever arm.A quick-release mechanism connects the web to the winch using a tough-grid paracord.When we release the quick-return mechanism,the projectile material consisting of a steel ball achieved an acceleration of 5107 m s^(-2) or 521 times gravity,and a speed of 66.41 m s^(-1).The power per unit mass and energy per unit mass of our prototype was one tenth and one fifth that of the spider’s web respectively.In particular,we found that web structure consisting multiple radial web elements reinforced with circumferential web elements provide enhanced stiffness;as a comparison our web had a stiffness of about eight times that of traditional slingshot with a single radial web element.Our results suggest that adapting designs from nature can lead to potentially superior performance of man-made contraptions.

关键词： Slingshot spider Launching mechanisms Catapult Bioinspiration

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Conformational States of AChBP revealed by X-ray crystal Structures of bound nAChR Agonists. Antagonists and Non- competitive ligands.

Conformational States of AChBP revealed by X-ray crystal Str...

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第十五届国际药理学大会

作者： Hansen Scott Sulzenbacher Gerlind Huxford tom Marchot Pascale Bourne Yves taylor Palmer Dept of Pharmacology UCSD CNRS Marseille Dept of Chemistry and Biochemistry UCSD CNRS Marseille CNRS Marseille Dept of Pharmacology UCSD

＜正＞ We use the acetylcholine binding protein （AChBP） from mollusks as a soluble surrogate for the extracellular ligand binding domain of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors （ nAChR）. Ligand binding in the nAChR extracellular domain induces conformational states that allosterically open an ion channel. nAChR states have not been studied at atomic resolution. We have solved X- ray crystal structures of receptor agonists, antagonists and non- competitive ligand bound to AChBP. These structures reveal large conformation changes in the ligand binding pocket and distinct interface binding surfaces. Conformational changes in loop C reveal a general mechanism for agonism and partial agonism. X- ray structures of noncompetitivereceptor ligands galanthamine. cocaine, and thienyl - cylohexylpiperidine（TCP） in complex with AChBP reveal valuable information for accurately describing non- competitive receptor modulation. A crystal structure of apo AChBP is presented and compared to that of bound agonists, lobeline and epibatidine. and antagonists, alpha-conotoxin Iml and methyllycaconitine.

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Salivary Gland Choristoma of the Middle Ear and Review of the Literature

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2013年第6期2卷 215-220页

作者： Serafín Sánchez Gómez Juan Manuel Maza Solano José Ramón Armas Padrón Francisco Refolio Sánchez tomás Francisco Herrero Salado Virgen Macarena University Hospital Seville Spain

Conductive hearing loss due to middle ear masses is uncommon and usually diagnosed after biopsy. We present a case of a permanent facial palsy occurred following an uneventful biopsy during an exploratory tympanotomy in a salivary gland choristoma of the middle ear. Most salivary gland choristomas have been found in the head and neck. Its location in the ear is extremely rare, and thus we present the 38th case in English and non-English literature from the first publication by taylor in 1961. Complete surgical removal of salivary gland choristomas of the middle ear is indicated when may not result in permanent damage to the facial nerve. Only biopsy and observation are recommended when the mass is intimately associated with the facial nerve or there are unsafe facial nerve abnormalities. Although the facial nerve is involved in 40% of cases, transient or even permanent facial palsies are exceptional. The reactivation of latent herpes virus in the facial canal may be involved in facial palsy’ etiology following minimal and uneventful middle ear surgery like a biopsy rather than nerve injury related to facial canal malformations.

关键词： Salivary Gland Choristoma Middle Ear Facial Palsy Herpesvirus Reactivation

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POAMA海气耦合模式对2003和2004年南海夏季风预报能力的评估

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热带海洋学报 2005年第5期24卷 19-30页

作者：柳艳菊丁一汇 Keenan T 孙爱东中国科学院大气物理研究所北京100029 国家气候中心中国气象局开放研究室北京100081 Bureau of Meteorology Research Center Melbourne 北京大学计算中心北京100871

运用澳大利亚大气海洋耦合预报模式(Predictive Ocean Atmosphere Model for Australia,POAMA)的输出结果,采用泰勒图与分类统计分析方法,评估了该模式对2003和2004年南海夏季风的爆发和演变进行实时预报的能力。通过对泰勒图的分析发现... 详细信息

运用澳大利亚大气海洋耦合预报模式(Predictive Ocean Atmosphere Model for Australia,POAMA)的输出结果,采用泰勒图与分类统计分析方法,评估了该模式对2003和2004年南海夏季风的爆发和演变进行实时预报的能力。通过对泰勒图的分析发现,随着预报初始时间越来越接近实际的季风爆发时间,模式预报南海夏季风爆发和演变的能力越来越强。当提前1—30d预报南海夏季风时,模式能够很好地预报风场、射出长波辐射OLR(Outgoing Longwave Radiation)和降水场的空间分布,其中对风场的预报最好。通过对季风爆发指数和分类统计的分析,定量分析了模式预报南海夏季风爆发的能力,结果表明该模式对南海夏季风爆发时间有一定的预报能力,其最大预报时限可以提前10—15d左右,这与目前中期预报的上限(2周)是一致的。

关键词：海气耦合模式南海夏季风季风预报预报能力

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