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The impact of personality on the success of prospecting behavior in changing landscapes

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Current Zoology 2015年第3期61卷 557-568页

作者： John Curtis BURKHALTER Nina H. FEFFERMAN Julie L. lockwood Graduate Program in Ecology and Evolution Department of Ecology Evolution and Natural Resources Rutgers University 14College Farm Rd. New Brunswick NJ 08901 USA

Personality can play a large role in dispersal decisions, influencing how each individual estimates and values ex- pected costs versus benefits of ventnring out to explore the unknown. We contrast the impact of persistence on fitness using deci- sion theory models to examine the relative success of prospecting movement （which is a widespread behavior used by animals to explore available breeding habitat before determining where to settle） in different landscapes among individuals with different personalities. While evaluating trends in the costs and benefits of movement we provide a quantifiable measure of the impacts of relative tenacity in prospecting behavior on fitness gains/losses. Our model results predict that, regardless of landscape composi- tion, individuals with greater tenacity in prospecting strategy have reduced fitness gains relative to individuals who are more willing to both initiate novel strategies, but then also abandon the new strategy rapidly if initial search does not seem fruitful. We show that fitness gains from choosing an appropriate prospecting strategy （i.e. abandoning poor habitat or staying in rich habitat） can be very high, indicating a potentially large influence from personality on fitness. Importantly, the model predicts that relative fitness gains are highly dependent on the availability of high quality habitat in the landscape, even if the difference under varying fitness outcomes between poor and rich habitat was substantial

关键词： Prospecting Tradeoff Movement Decision theory Personality Behavior

Epitope mapping on Wegener's granulomatosis autoantigen proteinase 3

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Chinese Medical Journal 2001年第7期114卷 88-91,110-111页

作者：黄真 Martin lockwood 北京大学第一医院物理医学康复科北京100034 Department of Medicine University of CambridgeSchool of Clinical MedicineAddenbrooke’s Hospital

Abstract:Objective To map the epitopes on Wegener's granulomatosis autoantigen proteinase *** Antigenicity of proteinase 3 was studied with Western blot analysis in which proteinase 3 was prepared under reducing and non-reducing conditions. Two anti-proteinase 3 monoclonal antibodies, HZ1F12 and HZ1H3, were used to inhibit each other and to inhibit 22 anti-proteinase 3 positive sera from patients with Wegener's granulomatosis in competitive inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and Western blot analysis. Results All monoclonal antibodies and patient sera recognized proteinase 3 under non-reducing conditions in Western blot analysis. HZ1F12 was inhibited 74% by HZ1H3. 10/22 (46%) sera were completely or partially inhibited by HZ1F12; 9/22 (41%) sera were partially inhibited by HZ1H3; and 6/22 (27%) were inhibited by both monoclonal antibodies. In inhibition Western blot analysis, the binding of patient sera to proteinase 3 could be inhibited by HZ1F12. Conclusions The epitopes of Wegener's granulomatosis autoantigen were conformational. Anti-proteinase 3 monoclonal HZ1F12 and HZ1H3 recognized similar or overlapping epitopes on the proteinase 3 molecule. Epitopes of proteinase 3 recognized by anti-proteinase 3 positive sera were not restricted.

关键词： vasculitis · Wegener's granulomatosis · proteinase 3 · anti neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies · epitope

Observations of the step-like accelerating processes of cold ions in the reconnection layer at the dayside magnetopause

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Science Bulletin 2018年第1期63卷 31-37页

作者： Qinghe Zhang Michael lockwood John C.Foster Qiugang Zong Malcolm W.Dunlop Shunrong Zhang Joran Moen Beichen Zhang Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment Institute of Space SciencesShandong UniversityWeihai 264209China Department of Meteorology University of ReadingReading RG6 6BBUK MIT Haystack Observatory WestfordMA 01886USA School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100087China Space Sciences Division SSTDRutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcot OX11 OQXUK Department of Physics University of OsloBlindern 0316OsloNorway SOA Key Laboratory for Polar Science Polar Research Institute of ChinaShanghai 200136China

Cold ions of plasmaspheric origin have been observed to abundantly appear in the magnetospheric side of the Earth's magnetopause. These cold ions could affect the magnetic reconnection processes at the magnetopause by changing the Alfvén velocity and the reconnection rate, while they could also be heated in the reconnection layer during the ongoing reconnections. We report in situ observations from a partially crossing of a reconnection layer near the subsolar magnetopause. During this crossing, step-like accelerating processes of the cold ions were clearly observed, suggesting that the inflow cold ions may be separately accelerated by the rotation discontinuity and slow shock inside the reconnection layer.

关键词： Cold ions Magnetic reconnection Ion accelerations Magnetopause

Efficacy of Perioperative Intravenous Lidocaine for Multimodal Analgesia

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2020年第9期10卷 299-312页

作者： Nishita lockwood Lopa Misra Department of Anesthesiology Mayo Clinic Arizona Phoenix AZ USA

Given the rising incidence of opioid misuse and opioid-related deaths worldwide, it is imperative to find nonopioid analgesic adjuncts for perioperative pain management. Perioperative opioid exposure in opioid-naïve patients for even minor surgical procedures may result in significant opioid dependence. Although the use of intravenous lidocaine in the perioperative period is not novel, recently it has been proposed as an important adjunct to multimodal analgesia. In addition to improving acute pain, lidocaine may reduce the incidence of chronic post-operative pain syndrome (CPPS), improve bowel function, and decrease post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) thereby speeding up the post-operative recovery process. Furthermore, lidocaine has efficacy in a variety of procedures including abdominal, gynecological, and urological surgeries. The aim of this narrative review is to evaluate the effects of intravenous lidocaine compared to traditional analgesic methods on post-operative pain control and recovery for various surgical procedures.

关键词： Pain Management Opioid Addiction Intraoperative Pain Control Non-Opioid Analgesia

Using Dichroism to Elucidate the Nature of Magnetic Interactions in Antiferromagnetic Materials

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发光学报 2008年第4期29卷 627-632页

作者： K R Hoffman D J lockwood Department of Physics Whitman CollegeWalla WallaWA 99362 USA Institute for Microstructural Sciences National Research CouncilOttawaONK1A 0R6Canada

William(familiarly known as Bill by all his colleagues) Yen's life-long scientific interest in the magnetic properties of rutile structured antiferromagnetic materials(AFMs) began with his involvement in the discovery in 1965 of the magnon sidebands of MnF2 in optical absorption[1].A basic outline of this discovery is given elsewhere in this special issue of the Chinese Journal of Luminescence[2].A narrative discussion of events leading to this discovery appears in a contribution written by Bill and Robert White for a special edition of Low Temperature Physics on Antiferromagnetism[3].A quote from that remembrance highlights a quality that remained with Bill throughout his career: "The identification of these sidebands by a pair of young students and two post-docs illustrates how serendipity,a touch of good luck and reckless youthful enthusiasm often plays a role in scientific discovery".Bill's forever youthful enthusiasm coupled with creative insights into current research questions led to numerous pioneering discoveries throughout his *** paper reviews Bill's contributions to developing techniques to exploit dichroism to study the magnetic properties of ***'s publications in this area span more than 30 years,from 1971 to 2004.

关键词：二向色性磁振子交互作用反铁磁性

Peptide Variant Detection by a Living Yeast Biosensor via an Epitope-Selective Protease

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BioDesign Research 2023年第1期5卷 1-11页

作者： Tea Crnković Benjamin J.Bokor Mead E.lockwood Virginia W.Cornish Department of Chemistry Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10027USA. Department of Biological Sciences Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10027USA. School of General Studies Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10027USA. Department of Systems Biology Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10027USA. Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge02139 MAUSA.

We previously demonstrated that we could hijack the fungal pheromone signaling pathway to provide a living yeast biosensor where peptide biomarkers were recognized by G-protein-coupled receptors and engineered to transcribe a ***,we demonstrated that the protease could be reintroduced to the biosensor to provide a simple mechanism for distinguishing single-amino-acid changes in peptide ligands that,otherwise,would likely be difficult to detect using binding-based *** characterized the dose–response curves for five fungal pheromone G-protein-coupled receptors,peptides,and proteases—Saccharomyces cerevisiae,Candida albicans,Schizosaccharomyces pombe,Schizosaccharomyces octosporus,and Schizosaccharomyces *** scanning was carried out for the most selective of these—*** and ***—with and without the *** peptide variants were discovered,which showed diminished cleavage by the protease(CaPep2A and CaPep2A13A).Those peptides were then distinguished by utilizing the biosensor strains with and without the protease,which selectively cleaved and altered the apparent concentration of peptide required for half-maximal activation for 2 peptides—CaPep and CaPep13A,respectively—by more than one order of *** results support the hypothesis that the living yeast biosensor with a sequence-specific protease can translate single-amino-acid changes into more than one order of magnitude apparent shift in the concentration of peptide required for half-maximal *** further engineering by computational modeling and directed evolution,the biosensor could likely distinguish a wide variety of peptide sequences beyond the alanine scanning carried out *** the future,we envision incorporating proteases into our living yeast biosensor for use as a point of care diagnostic,a scalable communication language,and other applications.

关键词： apparent otherwise utilizing

HIGH RESOLUTION RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY OF SUPERLATTICE ACOUSTIC PHONONS

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HIGH RESOLUTION RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY OF SUPERLATTICE ACOUSTIC ...

中国物理学会光散射专业委员会成立十周年暨第六届学术会议

作者： D.J.lockwood Institute for Microstructural Sciences National Research CouncilOttawaON K1A 0R6Canada

＜正＞Previous investigations of folded acoustic phonons in semiconductor superlattices have generally been restricted to medium-to-low resolution studies using conventional double-monochromator Raman spectroscopy.A f...

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应用气象模式对高地沼泽土壤缺水量的估算

气象科技 1989年第6期17卷 67-74页

作者： J.G.lockwood 毛光伶英国利兹大学

1.前言估算相对较湿较冷的英国高地沼泽的土壤缺水量(Soil moisture deficits, SMD),对于水文工作者的河流模拟及农业工作者的沼泽地管理都是有所帮助的。气象模式,如英国气象局降水和蒸发估算系统(MORECS),被广泛地用于估算土壤缺水量。

关键词：缺水量气象模式中子法 moisture 水文工作者农业工作者田间持水量冠层阻力枯枝落叶层气孔阻力

极区电离层对IMF Bz4次快速转向的响应--EISCAT／ESR雷达观测

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地球物理学报 2009年第7期52卷 1685-1692页

作者：蔡红涛马淑英 I.W. McCrea J. A. Davi M. lockwood S.E. Milan 武汉大学电子信息学院武汉430079 武汉大学空间环境与大地测量教育部重点实验室武汉430079 Space Science and Technique Department Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Chilton Oxfordshire OX11 0QX UK Department Physics and Astronomy University of Leicester UK

利用EISCAT VHF和EISCAT Svalbard(ESR)雷达观测数据,对2003年2月12日IMF B_z分量4次快速方向转换期间,极区电离层,尤其是极尖/极隙区的响应特征进行了分析研究.随着IMF B_z方向的多次快速变化,地面雷达观测到极尖/极隙区所在位置随着... 详细信息

利用EISCAT VHF和EISCAT Svalbard(ESR)雷达观测数据,对2003年2月12日IMF B_z分量4次快速方向转换期间,极区电离层,尤其是极尖/极隙区的响应特征进行了分析研究.随着IMF B_z方向的多次快速变化,地面雷达观测到极尖/极隙区所在位置随着开放闭合磁力线边界在纬度方向上来回移动.在此期间,极区电离层等离子体水平对流多次反向,表现出与IMF B_z分量强的负相关性.进一步分析表明:极区磁层-电离层系统在日侧对IMF极性变化的平均响应时间约为3 min.

关键词：极尖/极隙区行星际磁场 EISCAT/ESR雷达磁重联