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High-dose dexamethasone regulates microglial polarization via the GR/JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway after traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2611-2623页

作者： Mengshi Yang Miao Bai Yuan Zhuang Shenghua Lu Qianqian Ge Hao li Yu Deng Hongbin Wu Xiaojian Xu Fei Niu Xinlong Dong Bin Zhang Baiyun liu Beijing Tiantan Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Neurology The First Hospital of Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Department of Neurotrauma and Beijing Key Laboratory of central Nervous System Injury Beijing Neurosurgical InstituteCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of critical care Medicine Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina center for Nerve Injury and Repair Beijing Institute of Brain DisordersChina National Clinical Research Center for Neurological DiseasesBeijingChina

Although microglial polarization and neuroinflammation are crucial cellular responses after traumatic brain injury,the fundamental regulatory and functional mechanisms remain insufficiently *** potent anti-inflammato ry agents,the use of glucoco rticoids in traumatic brain injury is still controversial,and their regulatory effects on microglial polarization are not yet *** the present study,we sought to determine whether exacerbation of traumatic brain injury caused by high-dose dexamethasone is related to its regulatory effects on microglial polarization and its mechanisms of *** vitro cultured BV2 cells and primary microglia and a controlled cortical impact mouse model were used to investigate the effects of dexamethasone on microglial ***,dexamethasone,RU486(a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist),and ruxolitinib(a Janus kinase 1 antagonist)were ***-sequencing data obtained from a c57BL/6 mouse model of traumatic brain injury were used to identify potential targets of *** Morris water maze,quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,western blotting,immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy analysis,and TUNEL,Nissl,and Golgi staining were performed to investigate our ***-throughput sequencing results showed that arginase 1,a marker of M2 microglia,was significantly downregulated in the dexamethasone group compared with the traumatic brain injury group at3 days post-traumatic brain *** dexamethasone inhibited M1 and M2 microglia,with a more pronounced inhibitory effect on M2microglia in vitro and in *** receptor plays an indispensable role in microglial polarization after dexamethasone treatment following traumatic brain ***,glucocorticoid receptor activation increased the number of apoptotic cells and neuronal death,and also decreased the density of dendritic spines.A possible downstream receptor signaling mechanism is th

关键词： apoptosis BV2 microglia dexamethasone glucocorticoid receptor glucocorticoids innate immune system microglial polarization neuroinflammation primary microglia traumatic brain injury

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Stable copper boron–imidazolate cage as cu-riched enzyme for highly efficient electrocatalytic cO2 reduction to ethylene

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Science china chemistry 2025年

作者： Jun-Qiang chen Qiao-Hong li Qin-Long Hong Ping Shao Hai-Xia Zhang Jian Zhang State Key Laboratory of Structural chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences

Single-atom catalyst has garnered widespread attention to mimic mature enzymes due to its well-defined atomic structure and coordination environments. However, since the carbon–carbon（c–c） coupling reactions require synergistic catalysis of multiple sites, single-atom catalysts suffer from insufficient active sites and unclear reaction mechanisms. controlling the reaction intermediates in a precisely targeted pocket through careful metal–organic cage design is therefore crucial. Here, we prepare a tetrahedral [cu6L4]-type boron–imidazolate cage integrating highly active cu sites and optimized cavity, which exhibits enzyme like specific catalytic performance in electrochemical cO2reduction reaction（cO2RR） to enhance the selectivity of *** analyses and computational calculations suggest that the single cu site together with neighboring boron–imidazolate ligands provides suitably synergistic effects that enable the energetically favorable formation of an *cOcHO intermediate, a key step determining selectivity. As a result, the [cu6L4]-type cage of BIc-145 achieves a Faradaic efficiency of 28% for c2H4maintaining an average current density of -3.54 mA cm-2over a 5-hour electrolysis period. This work represents the first example for studying single-metal site catalysts with ultra-low coordination numbers through the rational design of metal–organic cages.

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Oxygen vacancies enriched Ir/WOx catalysts for the directly chem-catalytic conversion of cellulose to ethanol

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Tungsten 2025年第1期7卷 88-99页

作者： Yu-Jing Weng Zhao-Ying Ding Ying-chao li Yuan-Feng Wu Yuan-Yang Xu Rui chen Xiao-Lei Zhao Hai-Yong Wang Da-Lei Zhang Yu-Long Zhang Henan Key Laboratory of coal Green conversion and International Joint Laboratory of Coal Clean Utilization College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Polytechnic University Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion Chinese Academy of Sciences liaoning Institute of Energy Technology

Tungsten and its oxides are highly versatile catalysts with unique properties that hold great promise for a wide array of applications,including biological pathways and chemical *** chemo-catalysis of cellulose to ethanol presents a promising avenue for ethanol synthesis with the potential for enhanced efficiency compared to conventional methods,offering a sustainable and carbon-neutral alternative to existing petrochemical and biological ***,Ir/WOxcatalysts enriched with oxygen vacancies were meticulously prepared and demonstrated remarkable catalytic performance in converting cellulose to ethanol directly in the presence of tungstic *** catalyst achieved a high ethanol yield of 66.5%under optimal reaction conditions,approaching the theoretical yield limit of traditional ethanol *** results revealed the presence of oxygen defects,Bronsted/Lewis acidity,and Ir nanoclusters on the catalyst surface,working synergistically to facilitate the cascade catalysis of cellulose hydrolysis,sugar retro-aldol condensation reaction,and c2 intermediate hydrodeoxygenation to *** situ Fourier transform infrared spectrometer analysis confirmed the catalyst's ability to enhance the adsorption and activation of ethylene glycol for ethanol *** manipulating subtle structural features,this study offers a fresh perspective on tungsten group catalyst design and underscores the importance of synergistic effects among catalytic sites for the efficient production of ethanol from cellulose.

关键词： cellulosic ethanol chem-catalysis Hydrogenolysis Retro-aldol condensation Tungsten

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Principles of rockbolting design

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2017年第3期9卷 14-32页

作者： charlie c. li Department of Geoscience and Petroleum The Norwegian University of Science and Technology Norway

This article introduces the principles of underground rockbolting *** items discussed include underground loading conditions,natural pressure zone around an underground opening,design methodologies,selection of rockbolt types,determination of bolt length and spacing,factor of safety,and compatibility between support *** types of rockbolting used in engineering practise are also *** traditional principle of selecting strong rockbolts is valid only in conditions of low in situ stresses in the rock ***-absorbing rockbolts are preferred in the case of high in situ stresses.A natural pressure arch is formed in the rock at a certain distance behind the tunnel *** should be long enough to reach the natural pressure arch when the failure zone is *** bolt length should be at least 1 m beyond the failure *** the case of a vast failure zone,tightly spaced short rockbolts are installed to establish an artificial pressure arch within the failure zone and long cables are anchored on the natural pressure *** this case,the rockbolts are usually less than 3 m long in mine drifts,but can be up to 7 m in large-scale rock *** spacing is more important than bolt length in the case of establishing an artificial pressure *** addition to the factor of safety,the maximum allowable displacement in the tunnel and the ultimate displacement capacity of rockbolts must be also taken into account in the ***,rockbolts should be compatible with other support elements in the same support system in terms of displacement and energy absorption capacities.

关键词： Rockbolting design Pressure arch Bolt length Bolt spacing Factor of safety

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Nonlinear in-plane thermal buckling of rotationally restrained functionally graded carbon nanotube reinforced composite shallow arches under uniform radial loading

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2022年第12期43卷 1821-1840页

作者： cheng li chengxiu ZHU c.W.liM Shuang li School of Automotive Engineering Changzhou Institute of TechnologyChangzhou 213032Jiangsu ProvinceChina School of Rail Transportation Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215131Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Architecture and civil Engineering City University of Hong KongTat Chee AveKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

The nonlinear in-plane instability of functionally graded carbon nanotube reinforced composite(FG-cNTRc)shallow circular arches with rotational constraints subject to a uniform radial load in a thermal environment is *** arches with thickness-graded material properties,four different distribution patterns of carbon nanotubes(cNTs)are *** classical arch theory and Donnell’s shallow shell theory assumptions are used to evaluate the arch displacement field,and the analytical solutions of buckling equilibrium equations and buckling loads are obtained by using the principle of virtual *** critical geometric parameters are introduced to determine the criteria for buckling mode *** studies are carried out to demonstrate the effects of temperature variations,material parameters,geometric parameters,and elastic constraints on the stability of the *** is found that increasing the volume fraction of cNTs and distributing cNTs away from the neutral axis significantly enhance the bending stiffness of the *** addition,the pretension and initial displacement caused by the temperature field have significant effects on the buckling behavior.

关键词： functional gradient carbon nanotube(cNT)reinforcement buckling in-plane instability nonlinear

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Electrical stimulation of cortical neurons promotes oligodendrocyte development and remyelination in the injured spinal cord

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第10期12卷 1613-1615页

作者： Dan c.li Qun li Department of Neuroscience Emory University School of Medicine Department of Anesthesiology and critical care Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Background and early studies： Endogenous tri-potential neural stem cells （NScs） exist in the adult mammalian central nervous system （cNS）. In the spinal cord, NScs distribute throughout the entire cord, but exist predominately in white matter tracts. The phenotypic fate of these cells in white matter is glial, largely oligodendrocyte, but not neuronal.

关键词： OPc cNS Electrical stimulation of cortical neurons promotes oligodendrocyte development and remyelination in the injured spinal cord

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A monolithic 3D IGZO-RRAM-SRAM-integrated architecture for robust and efficient compute-in-memory enabling equivalent-ideal device metrics

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Science china(Information Sciences) 2025年

作者： Shengzhe YAN Zhaori cONG Zi WANG Zhuoyu DAI Zeyu GUO Zhihang QIAN Xufan li Xu ZHENG chuanke cHEN Nianduan LU chunmeng DOU Guanhua YANG Xiaoxin XU Di GENG Jinshan YUE lingfei WANG ling li Ming liU Institute of Microelectronics of the chinese Academy of Sciences University of chinese Academy of Sciences

Abstract compute-in-memory (cIM) based on various devices such as static random access memory (SRAM) and resistive random access memory (RRAM) and other emerging devices such as indium-gallium-zinc-oxide (IGZO) transistor, magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM), and ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) has been explored for better performance and energy efficiency on neural networks applications. However, cIM based on a single-type device suffers a variety of non-ideal metrics to reach the simultaneous optimal accuracy, density, and energy efficiency. This work presents equivalent-ideal cIM (Eq-cIM), a monolithic 3D(M3D) IGZO-RRAM-SRAM integrated architecture for robust and efficient compute-in-memory enabling equivalent-ideal device metrics. To overcome the non-ideality (variation, endurance, temperature, etc.) of the single-type devices, system-technology co-optimization (STcO) is performed. This work highlights the non-ideality-aware functionality breakdown for robust high accuracy and simultaneous high density/efficiency, by utilizing 2T0c IGZO for temporal activation storage, RRAM for high-density weight storage, and SRAM for accurate cIM. Device-to-algorithm variation transfer is applied to analyze the system-level accuracy. We benchmark Eq-cIM architecture on cIFAR-10/ImageNet, with 5.06×storage density and 5.05×/2.45×area/energy efficiency compared with single-type-device-based cIM, and high robustness (ccuracy loss) from-40℃ to 120℃.

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Diffusion behavior at void tip and its contributions to void shrinkage during solid-state bonding

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第8期34卷 1449-1454页

作者： c.Zhang M.Q.li H.li School of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical University Department of Mechanical Engineering University de Lyon

Solid-state diffusion bonding is an advanced joining technique, which has been widely used to join similar or dissimilar materials. Generally, it is easy to observe the diffusion behavior during dissimilar bonding, but for similar bonding the diffusion behavior has yet been observed via experiments. In this study, the diffusion behavior at void tip was firstly observed during similar bonding of stainless steel. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy was used to examine the interface charac- teristic and diffusion behavior. The results showed that a diffusion region was discovered at void tip. Element concentrations of diffusion region were more than those of void region, but less than those of bonded region. This behavior indicated that the diffusion was ongoing at void tip, but the perfect bond has yet formed. The diffusion region was attributed to the interface diffusion from adjacent region to void tip due to the stress gradient along bonding interface. The mass accumulation at void tip transformed the sharp void tip into smooth one at the beginning of void shrinkage, and then resulted in shorter voids.

关键词： Stainless steel Micro-void morphology Solid-state bonding Void tip Element diffusion

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Dissecting the cell microenvironment of ovarian endometrioma through single-cell RNA sequencing

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Science china life Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 116-129页

作者： Jiangpeng Wu Siyu Xia Wenting Ye Yan Sun Jing cai Fubing Yu Haiping Wen Xiuwei Yi Taikang li Mingwei chen Jiayun chen Ge Song chuanbin Yang Yali Song Jigang Wang Department of Reproductive Medicine Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Department of Urology and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for GeriatricsShenzhen People's HospitalSouthern University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs Artemisinin Research Centerand Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Reproductive Medicine center Foshan Women and Children Hospital State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs School of PharmacyHenan University

Ovarian endometrioma（OE）, also known as “chocolate cysts,” is a cystic mass that develops in the ovaries due to endometriosis and is a common gynecological condition characterized by the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus, leading to symptoms such as dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain, and infertility. However, the precise molecular and cellular mechanisms driving this pathophysiology remain largely unknown, posing challenges for diagnosis and treatment. Here, we employed integrated single-cell transcriptomic profiling of over 52,000 individual cells from endometrial tissues of OE patients and healthy donors and identified twelve major cell populations. We identified notable alterations in cell type-specific proportions and molecular signatures associated with OE. Notably, the activation of IGFBP5+macrophages with pro-inflammatory properties, NK cell exhaustion, and aberrant proliferation of IQcG+and KLF2+epithelium are key features and may be the potential mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of OE. collectively, our data contribute to a better understanding of OE at the single cell level and may pave the way for the development of novel therapeutic strategies.

关键词： ovary high-throughput sequencing transcriptomics gene expression analysis ligand-receptor analysis

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Engineering N3c vacancies in hierarchical porous carbon nitride nanosheets for room temperature ultradeep photocatalytic aerobic oxidative desulfurization

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Science china chemistry 2025年

作者： Yina Nie Weijie Yang Xin Wang Xiang li Lele Wei Xiaolin Bai lin liu Feng Fu Jun Wan college of chemistry & chemical Engineering Research Institute of Comprehensive Energy Industrial Technology Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering Yan'an University Anhui Engineering Research center of carbon Neutrality College of Chemistry and Materials Science Anhui Normal University

The production of ultra-low sulfur clean fuels holds global significance for improving energy efficiency and reducing environmental pollution. Photocatalytic aerobic oxidative desulfurization（PODS） offers an attractive approach to efficiently remove refractory heterocyclic aromatic sulfur compounds under mild conditions. However, the sluggish charge dynamics,insufficient molecule activation, and slow mass transfer within photocatalysts restrict the overall desulfurization efficiency,hindering the widespread application of this technology. Herein, we developed a defective g-c3N4（M1U3cN） photocatalyst with bridged N3cvacancies and hierarchical porous structures to address these limitations. This catalyst not only demonstrates outstanding dibenzothiophene（DBT） removal efficiency of 99.6% for model oil with high conversion and selectivity but also achieves complete sulfur removal from gasoline as well as 96.7% sulfur removal for distilled diesel at room temperature,successfully achieving ultradeep aerobic oxidative desulfurization. The introduction of rich N3cvacancies and abundant micromeso-macroporous distribution in M1U3cN enhances kinetic efficiencies by promoting charge carrier separation, mass transfer,and molecular activation simultaneously; resulting in exceptional PODS performance. This work provides a collaborative strategy to overcome kinetic challenges in aerobic oxidative desulfurization via defect and structural engineering of the catalyst.

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