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Dynamics of soil organic carbon following land-use change:insights from stable C-isotope analysis in black soil of Northeast China

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Acta Geochimica 2018年第5期37卷 746-757页

作者： Chenglong Tu Congqiang Liu timothy A.quine Matthew William Jones Taoze Liu Longbo Li Wenjing Liu State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control Ministry of Education Guizhou Medical University School of Geography College of Life and Environmental Sciences Hatherly Laboratory University of Exeter Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Intensive soil tillage is a significant factor in soil organic matter decline in cultivated soils. Both cultivation abandonment and foregoing tillage have been encouraged in the past 30 years to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and soil erosion. However, the dynamic processes of soil organic carbon (SOC) in areas of either continuous cultivation or abandonment remain unclear and *** aims were to assess and model the dynamic processes of SOC under continuous tillage and after cultivation abandonment in the black soil of Northeast China. Soil profiles were collected of cultivated or abandoned land with cultivation history of 0–100 years. An isotope mass balance equation was used to calculate the proportion of SOC derived from corn debris (C_4) and from natural vegetation (C_3) to deduce the dynamic process. Approximately 40% of SOC in the natural surface soil (0–10 cm) was eroded in the first 5 years of cultivation, increasing to about 75% within 40 years, before a slow recovery. C_4 above 30 cm soil depth increased by 4.5%–5% or 0.11–0.12 g·kg^(-1) on average per year under continuous cultivation, while it decreased by approximately 0.34% annually in the surface soil after cultivation *** increase in the percentage of C_4 was fitted to a linear equation with given intercepts in the upper 30 cm of soil in cultivated land. A significant relationship between the change of C_4 and time was found only in the surface soil after abandonment of cultivation. These results demonstrate the loss and accumulation of corn-derived SOC in surface black soil of Northeast China under continuous tillage or cultivation abandonment.

关键词： C3 photosynthesis C4 photosynthesis Land-use change Stable carbon isotopes Black soil of Northeast China

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Structure-from-Motion Photogrammetry and Rare Earth Oxides can quantify diffuse and convergent soil loss and source apportionment

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第4期11卷 633-648页

作者： Pia Benaud Karen Anderson Mike R.James timothy A.quine John N.Quinton Richard E.Brazier CREWW GeographyFaculty of EnvironmentScience and EconomyUniversity of ExeterExeterDevonEX44RJUnited Kingdom Environment and Sustainability Institute University of ExeterPenrynCornwallTR109FEUnited Kingdom Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityBailriggLancasterLA14YQUnited Kingdom Geography Faculty of EnvironmentScience and Economy.University of ExeterExeterDevonEX44RJUnited Kingdom

Accurately quantifying rates of soil erosion requires capturing both the volumetric nature of the visible,convergent fluvial pathways(also known as rills)and the subtle nature of the less-visible,diffuse pathways(interrill areas).The aim of this study was to use Rare Earth Oxide(REO)tracers and Structure-from-Motion(SfM)photogrammetry to elucidate retrospective information about soil erosion rates and sediment sources during different soil erosion conditions,within a controlled laboratory *** experimental conditions created erosion events consistent with diffuse and convergent erosion *** tracers allowed the sediment transport distances of over 2 m to be described,and helped resolved the relative contribution of diffuse and convergent soil erosion;interrill areas were also iden-tified as a significant sediment sources soil loss under convergent erosion *** the potential for SfM photogrammetry to resolve sub-millimetre elevations changes was demonstrated,under some conditions non-erosional changes in surface elevation,such as compaction,exceeded volumes of soil loss via diffuse *** discrepancies between SfM Photogrammetry calculations and REO tagged sediment export were beneficial,identifying that during soil erosion events sediment in both aggregate and particle form is deposited within the convergent features,even when the rill extended the full length of the soil *** combination of SfM photogrammetry and REO tracers has provided a novel platform for building a spatial understanding of patterns of soil loss and source apportionment between rill and interrill erosion.

关键词： Soil erosion Structure-from-Motion Photogrammetry Rare Earth Oxides Tracers Sediment Rainfall simulator Sheetwash Rilling Interrill

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Rock crevices determine woody and herbaceous plant cover in the karst critical zone

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Science China Earth Sciences 2019年第11期62卷 1756-1763页

作者： Hongyan LIU Zihan JIANG Jingyu DAI Xiuchen WU Jian PENG Hongya WANG Jeroen MEERSMANS Sophie M.GREEN timothy A.quine College of Urban and Environmental Sciences and MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Faculty of Geographical Sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Cranfield Soil and Agrifood Institute School of WaterEnergy and EnvironmentCranfield UniversityCranfield MK43 OALUnited Kingdom Geography CLESUniversity of ExeterExeter EX44SBUnited Kingdom

The study of the critical zones(CZs) of the Earth link the composition and function of aboveground vegetation with the characteristics of the rock layers, providing a new way to study how the unique rock and soil conditions in karst regions affect the aboveground vegetation. Based on survey results of the rocks, soils and vegetation in the dolomite and limestone distribution areas in the karst area of central Guizhou, it was found that woody plant cover increases linearly with the number of cracks with a width of more than 1 mm, while the cover of herbaceous plants shows the opposite trend(p<0.01). The dolomite distribution area is characterized by undeveloped crevices, and the thickness of the soil layer is generally less than 20 cm, which is suitable for the distribution of herbaceous plants with shallow roots. Due to the development of crevices in the limestone distribution area, the soil is deeply distributed through the crevices for the deep roots of trees, which leads to a diversified species composition and a complicated structure in the aboveground vegetation. Based on moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer(MODIS) remote sensing data from 2001 to 2010, the normalized differentiated vegetation index(NDVI) and annual net primary productivity(NPP) results for each phase of a 16-day interval further indicate that the NDVI of the limestone distribution area is significantly higher than that in the dolomite distribution area, but the average annual NPP is the opposite. The results of this paper indicate that in karst CZs, the lithology determines the structure and distribution of the soil, which further determines the cover of woody and herbaceous plants in the aboveground vegetation. Although the amount of soil in the limestone area may be less than that in the dolomite area, the developed crevice structure is more suitable for the growth of trees with deep roots, and the vegetation activity is strong. At present, the treatment of rocky desertification in

关键词： Vegetation composition Vegetation productivity Dolomite Limestone Karst critical zone

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Ecosystem service delivery in Karst landscapes： anthropogenic perturbation and recovery

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Acta Geochimica 2017年第3期36卷 416-420页

作者： timothy quine Dali Guo Sophie M.Green Chenglong Tu Iain Hartley Xinyu Zhang Jennifer Dungait Xuefa Wen Zhaoliang Song Hongyan Liu Heather Buss timothy Barrows Richard Evershed Penny Johnes Jeroen Meersmans Geography College of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Exeter Rennes Drive Exeter EX4 4RJ UK Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 People's Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550081 Guizhou Province People's Republic of China Rothamsted Research - North Wyke Okehampton Devon EX20 2SB UK Institute of the Surface-Earth System Science Research Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 People's Republic of China School of Earth Sciences Wills Memorial Building Queens Road Clifton BS8 1RJ UK School of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Clifton Bristol BS8 1TS UK School of Geographical Sciences University of BristolUniversity Road Clifton Bristol BS8 1SS UK Cranfield Soil and Agrifood Institute Cranfield UniversityCranfield Bedfordshire MK43 0AL UK

Covering extensive parts of China, Karst landscapes are exceptional because rapid and intensive land use change has caused severe ecosystem degradation within only the last 50 years. The twentieth century intensification in food production through agriculture has led to a rapid deterioration of soil quality, evidenced in reduced crop production and rapid loss of soil. In many areas, a tipping point appears to have been passed as basement rock is exposed and 'rocky desertification' dominates. Through the establishment of the "Soil processes and ecological services in the karst critical zone of SW China"(SPECTRA)Critical Zone Observatory(CZO) we will endevaour to understand the fundmental processes involved in soil production and erosion, and investigate the integrated geophysical-geochemical-ecological responses of the CZ to perturbations. The CZ spans a gradient from undisturbed natural vegetation through human perturbed *** seek to understand the importance of heterogeneity insurface and below-ground morphology and flow pathways in determining the spatial distribution of key stocks(soil,C, vegetation, etc.) and their control on ecosystem service delivery. We will assess the extent to which the highly heterogeneous critical zone resources can be restored to enable sustainable delivery of ecosystem services. This paper presents the CZO design and initial assessment of soil and soil organic carbon stocks and evidence for their stability based on caesium-137(^(137) Cs) data.

关键词： Soil degradation Ecosystem services Caesium-137 Karst,China

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岩石裂隙决定喀斯特关键带地表木本与草本植物覆盖

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中国科学：地球科学 2019年第12期49卷 1974-1981页

作者：刘鸿雁蒋子涵戴景钰吴秀臣彭建王红亚 Jeroen MEERSMANS Sophie MGREEN timothy Aquine 北京大学城市与环境学院北京100871 北京师范大学地理学部北京100875 Cranfield Soil and Agrifood Institute School of WaterEnergy and EnvironmentCranfield UniversityCranfield MK43 OALUnited Kingdom Geography CLESUniversity of ExeterExeter EX44SBUnited Kingdom

地球关键带研究将地表植被组成和功能与岩石层的特性联系起来,为研究喀斯特地区特殊的岩石和土壤条件如何影响地表植被提供了新的思路.文章基于贵州中部喀斯特关键带白云岩和石灰岩分布区岩石、土壤和植被调查结果,发现木本植物覆盖度... 详细信息

地球关键带研究将地表植被组成和功能与岩石层的特性联系起来,为研究喀斯特地区特殊的岩石和土壤条件如何影响地表植被提供了新的思路.文章基于贵州中部喀斯特关键带白云岩和石灰岩分布区岩石、土壤和植被调查结果,发现木本植物覆盖度随宽度1mm以上的裂隙数目增多而线性增加,而草本植物覆盖度则呈相反的趋势(p<0.01).白云岩分布区由于岩性致密、裂隙不发育、土层厚度一般在20cm以内,适合浅根系的草本植物分布.石灰岩分布区由于裂隙发育、土壤分布深、树木的深根系分布在裂隙中,植被组成和结构复杂.基于2001~2010年MODIS遥感数据获取的每16天一个时相的归一化植被指数(NDVI)和年净第一性生产力(NPP)结果进一步表明,石灰岩分布区各时相NDVI总体显著高于白云岩分布区,但多年平均NPP则相反.本文结果表明,在喀斯特关键带,岩性决定土壤的结构和分布,进而决定地上植被木本植物和草本植物的覆盖.尽管石灰岩地区土壤量可能比白云岩地区偏低,但发达的裂隙结构更适合深根系的树木生长,植被活动强.当前喀斯特地区石漠化治理需要充分考虑地球关键带岩石-土壤-植被-大气相互作用,提出适合不同岩性的植被恢复措施.

关键词：植被组成植被生产力白云岩石灰岩喀斯特关键带

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