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解开“乱麻团”:对大型民间故事语料库表征的网络分析

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民俗研究 2024年第5期 109-121页

作者： [美]詹姆斯·阿贝洛彼得·布罗德韦蒂莫西·坦盖利尼张浩洋李扬谢亚文罗格斯大学计算机科学系美国皮斯卡特维08854 斯坦福大学跨学科数字研究中心美国斯坦福94305 加州大学伯克利分校北欧语系美国伯克利94720 中国海洋大学文学与新闻传播学院山东青岛266100

ATU故事类型索引和民间文学母题(mI)索引已成为民间故事比较研究的基础,但很少有人尝试通过索引来描述语言和文化上统一的大语料库。本研究基于克里斯滕森(***)在19世纪丹麦搜集的2606个故事,通过创建ATU索引和mI的关联网络呈示,并结合... 详细信息

ATU故事类型索引和民间文学母题(mI)索引已成为民间故事比较研究的基础,但很少有人尝试通过索引来描述语言和文化上统一的大语料库。本研究基于克里斯滕森(***)在19世纪丹麦搜集的2606个故事,通过创建ATU索引和mI的关联网络呈示,并结合勃兰特(Brandt)对丹麦民间故事索引编订的升级,以ATU编号、mI编号、丹麦民间故事、故事讲述者或搜集地为节点,我们生成了一个有19378个节点和28292条边的网络。通过将全部丹麦故事嵌入到此网络中,我们提供了对丹麦民间故事传统的宏大概观。我们引入了两种新颖且相互关联的网络分解方法,用于语料库层级上的民间故事收集研究:度剥离的固定点和图片段。对丹麦语料库的结果分析支持与其他传统进行比较,任何以相似方式编订索引的故事资料都可以嵌入这一ATU+mI网络中,然后进行类似的相关图分解研究。

关键词：民间故事语料库故事类型索引计算民俗学网络分析

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDDs) and degradation products in topsoil from Australia and the United Kingdom

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Emerging Contaminants 2016年第1期2卷 37-41页

作者： Jennifer Desborough timothy Evans Jochen müller Stuart Harrad School of Geography Earthand Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology(Entox) The University of Queensland39 Kessels RoadBrisbaneQueensland 4108Australia

Hexabromocyclododecane(HBCDD)is listed under the Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants,yet very few data are available on HBCDD concentrations in *** concentrations of total hexabromocyclododecanes(SHBCDDs)from soils from the UK(n=24)were 0.73 ng g^-1 dry weight(rangemedian=0.10 ng g^-1,rangemined in 19 UK samples and found to be statistically indistinguishable(p>0.05)from those of HBCDDs;thereby underlining the extent to which HBCDDs have migrated into the UK ***,PCB concentrations in this study are not markedly lower than those recorded in UK soils sampled in the mid-1980s indicating that the initial rapid decline in UK contamination with PCBs following bans on their manufacture and use,has not been *** products of HBCDD:pentabromocyclododecenes(PBCDs)and tetrabromocyclododecadienes(TBCDs)were detected in some UK soil samples with semi-quantitative concentrations ranging between 0.01 and 7.3 ng g^-1 for SPBCDs and 0.01e1.3 ng g^-1 for *** Australian soils only STBCDs were detected at concentrations ranging from 0.0023 to 0.45 ng g^-*** signatures of HBCDDs were racemic or non-racemic in all samples indicating minimal edaphic enantioselective degradation.A horizontal transect at the most contaminated UK location(a suburban garden)revealed a marked decrease in concentrations of HBCDDs with increasing distance from buildings.

关键词： Soil BFRs POPs Chiral signatures Enantiomer fractions

Sea-Floor metamorphism Recorded in Epidosites from the ca.1.0 Ga miaowan Ophiolite,Huangling Anticline,China

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Journal of Earth Science 2012年第5期23卷 696-704页

作者：王军鹏 timothy m Kusky Ali Polat 王璐彭松柏蒋幸福邓浩王淞杰 Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Three Gorges Research Center for Geo-hazard Ministry of EducationChina University of Geosciences Department of Earth Sciences University of Windsor Three Gorges Research Center for Geo-hazard Ministry of EducationChina University of Geosciences

The epidosites are interpreted to form in upflow zones at the base of ore-forming oceanic hydrothermal systems that vent as black smokers on the sea floor. This study presents new field, major and trace element, and oxygen isotope data for the recently discovered epidosites in the ca. 1.0 Ga miaowan （庙湾） ophiolite located near the northern margin of the Yangtze craton. The ep-idosites occur mainly in the cores of strongly de-formed, lensoidal amphibolites. Field observations, major and trace elements and oxygen isotopes sug-gest that the epidosites were formed by metasoma-tism of ocean floor basalts, diabase dykes, and gabbros during seafloor hydrothermal alteration.

关键词： epidosite hydrothermal altera-tion metasomatism miaowan ophiolite Yangtzecraton China.

Neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第28期25卷 3704-3721页

作者： Clifford Akateh Sylvester m Black Lanla Conteh Eric D miller Anne Noonan Eric Elliott timothy m Pawlik Allan Tsung Jordan m Cloyd Department of Surgery The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH 43210 United States Division of Transplant Surgery Department of Surgery The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH 43210 United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Department of Internal Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH 43210 United States Department of Radiation Oncology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH 43210 United States Division of medical Oncology Department of Internal Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH 43210 United States Division of Diagnostic Radiology Department of Radiology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH 43210 United States Division of Surgical Oncology Department of Surgery The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH 43210 United States

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common liver malignancy worldwide and a major cause of cancer-related mortality for which liver resection is an important curative-intent treatment option. However, many patients present with advanced disease and with underlying chronic liver disease and/or cirrhosis, limiting the proportion of patients who are surgical candidates. In addition, the development of recurrent or de novo cancers following surgical resection is common. These issues have led investigators to evaluate the benefit of neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment strategies aimed at improving resectability rates and decreasing recurrence rates. While high-level evidence to guide treatment decision making is lacking, recent advances in locoregional and systemic therapies, including antiviral treatment and immunotherapy, raise the prospect of novel approaches that may improve the outcomes of patients with HCC. In this review, we evaluate the evidence for various neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies and discuss opportunities for future clinical and translational research.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Neoadjuvant therapy Adjuvant therapy Neoplasm recurrence Hepatectomy Liver cirrhosis

Investigation of volatile methyl siloxanes in biogas and the ambient environment in a landfill

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第5期32卷 54-61页

作者： Ning Wang Li Tan Lianke Xie Yu Wang timothy Ellis School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource ReuseShandong UniversityJinan266237China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention(LAP^3) Shanghai200433China School of municipal and Environmental Engineering Shandong Jianzhu UniversityJinan250100China State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company Electric Power Science Research InstituteJinan250100China Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources&Environment Engineering China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing100083China Department of Civil Constructionand Environmental EngineeringIowa State UniversityIowaUSA

Landfill biogas is a potential alternative for fossil fuel,but the containing impurities,volatile methyl siloxanes(simplified as siloxanes),often cause serious problems in gas turbines when applied to generate *** this research,a collecting and analyzing method based on solvent adsorption and purge and trap-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was established to determine the siloxanes in biogas from a landfill in Jinan,China,and adjacent ambient samples,such as soil,air,and leachate of the *** results showed that,octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane(D4)and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane(D5)accounted for 63%of total siloxanes;and without considering D4 and D5,the order of detected siloxanes in concentration was found relating to Gibbs free energies of molecules,namely that higher abundant siloxane(except for D4 and D5)usually had lower Gibbs free ***,the mass ratio between D4 and octamethyltrisiloxane(L3)in the bio gas varied with different garbage age in landfills,possibly revealing the breaking-down of larger siloxane molecules with *** samples,which were collected from environmental samples adjacent to the landfill,such as soil,water,and air,presented much higher siloxane level than urban or rural area away from *** current H2 S scrubber of the landfill biogas could decrease the total siloxanes from 10.7 to 5.75 mg/m^3 due to Fe2 O3 and a refrigerant drier in a purification system and cyclic siloxanes were more easily removed than linear ones.

关键词： Biogas Siloxane Landfill Purge and trap GC-mS

Simulating long-term effect of Hyrcanian forest loss on phosphorus loading at the sub-watershed level

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Journal of Arid Land 2018年第3期10卷 457-469页

作者： Fatemeh RAJAEI Abbas E SARI Abdolrassoul SALmANmAHINY timothy O RANDHIR majid DELAVAR Reza D BEHROOZ Alireza m BAVANI Department of Environment Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Science Tarbiat Modares University Department of Environmental Gorgan University of Agricultural Science & Natural Resources Department of Environmental Conservation University of Massachusetts Department of Water Resources Agriculture Faculty Tarbiat Modares University Department of Environmental Sciences Faculty of Natural Resources University of Zabol Department of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering Faculty of Abouraihan University of Tehran

Conversion of forest land to farmland in the Hyrcanian forest of northern Iran increases the nutrient input, especially the phosphorus（P） nutrient, thus impacting the water quality. modeling the effect of forest loss on surface water quality provides valuable information for forest management. This study predicts the future impacts of forest loss between 2010 and 2040 on P loading in the Tajan River watershed at the sub-watershed level. To understand drivers of the land cover, we used Land Change modeler（LCm） combining with the Soil Water Assessment Tool（SWAT） model to simulate the impacts of land use change on P loading. We characterized priority management areas for locating comprehensive and cost-effective management practices at the sub-watershed level. Results show that agricultural expansion has led to an intense deforestation. During the future period 2010–2040, forest area is expected to decrease by 34,739 hm^2. And the areas of pasture and agriculture are expected to increase by 7668 and 27,071 hm^2, respectively. In most sub-watersheds, P pollution will be intensified with the increase in deforestation by the year 2040. And the P concentration is expected to increase from 0.08 to 2.30 mg/L in all of sub-watersheds by the year 2040. It should be noted that the phosphorous concentration exceeds the American Public Health Association′s water quality standard of 0.2 mg/L for P in drinking water in both current and future scenarios in the Tajan River watershed. Only 30% of sub-watersheds will comply with the water quality standards by the year 2040. The finding of the present study highlights the importance of conserving forest area to maintain a stable water quality.

关键词： phosphorus land use change modeling forest loss prioritizing management area Tajan River Iran

Procrastination, health, and well-being

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Procrastination, health, and well-being

Empowering youth sport environments: Implications for daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and adiposity

作者： Sirois Fuschia m. Pychyl timothy A.

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2017年第4期6卷 423-433页

作者： Sally A.m. Fenton Joan L. Duda Paul R. Appleton timothy G. Barrett School of Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK School of Clinical and Experimental medicine University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK

Background: Evidence suggests involvement in youth sport does not guarantee daily guidelines for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(mVPA) are met, and participation may not mitigate the risks associated with physical inactivity. The need to promote higher habitual mVPA engagement amongst children active in the youth sport context has therefore been underlined. Framed by self-determination theory, the aim of the present study was to examine the implications of the motivational climate created in youth sport, for children's daily engagement in mVPA and associated adiposity. Specifically, we sought to test a motivational sequence in which children's perceptions of an empowering coach-created motivational climate were related to autonomous and controlled motivation, which in turn predicted sport-related enjoyment. Finally, enjoyment was assumed to predict accelerometer assessed daily mVPA and, following this, ***: male and female youth sport participants aged 9–16 years(n = 112) completed multi-section questionnaires assessing their perceptions of the motivational climate created in youth sport(i.e., autonomy supportive, task involving, socially supportive), autonomous and controlled motivation, and sport-related enjoyment. Daily mVPA engagement was determined via 7 days of accelerometry. Percent body fat(BF%) was estimated using bio-electrical impedance ***: Path analysis revealed perceptions of an empowering motivational climate positively predicted players' autonomous motivation, and in turn, sport-related enjoyment. Enjoyment was also significantly negatively related to players' BF%, via a positive association with daily ***: Fostering more empowering youth sport environments may hold implications for the prevention of excess adiposity, through encouraging higher habitual mVPA engagement. Findings may inform the optimal design of youth sport settings for mVPA promotion, and contribute towards associated healthy weight maint

关键词： Accelerometry Exercise psychology moderate-to-vigorous physical activity motivation Obesity Self-determination theory Youth sport

Rock crevices determine woody and herbaceous plant cover in the karst critical zone

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Science China Earth Sciences 2019年第11期62卷 1756-1763页

作者： Hongyan LIU Zihan JIANG Jingyu DAI Xiuchen WU Jian PENG Hongya WANG Jeroen mEERSmANS Sophie m.GREEN timothy A.QUINE College of Urban and Environmental Sciences and mOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Faculty of Geographical Sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Cranfield Soil and Agrifood Institute School of WaterEnergy and EnvironmentCranfield UniversityCranfield MK43 OALUnited Kingdom Geography CLESUniversity of ExeterExeter EX44SBUnited Kingdom

The study of the critical zones(CZs) of the Earth link the composition and function of aboveground vegetation with the characteristics of the rock layers, providing a new way to study how the unique rock and soil conditions in karst regions affect the aboveground vegetation. Based on survey results of the rocks, soils and vegetation in the dolomite and limestone distribution areas in the karst area of central Guizhou, it was found that woody plant cover increases linearly with the number of cracks with a width of more than 1 mm, while the cover of herbaceous plants shows the opposite trend(pmite distribution area is characterized by undeveloped crevices, and the thickness of the soil layer is generally less than 20 cm, which is suitable for the distribution of herbaceous plants with shallow roots. Due to the development of crevices in the limestone distribution area, the soil is deeply distributed through the crevices for the deep roots of trees, which leads to a diversified species composition and a complicated structure in the aboveground vegetation. Based on moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer(mODIS) remote sensing data from 2001 to 2010, the normalized differentiated vegetation index(NDVI) and annual net primary productivity(NPP) results for each phase of a 16-day interval further indicate that the NDVI of the limestone distribution area is significantly higher than that in the dolomite distribution area, but the average annual NPP is the opposite. The results of this paper indicate that in karst CZs, the lithology determines the structure and distribution of the soil, which further determines the cover of woody and herbaceous plants in the aboveground vegetation. Although the amount of soil in the limestone area may be less than that in the dolomite area, the developed crevice structure is more suitable for the growth of trees with deep roots, and the vegetation activity is strong. At present, the treatment of rocky desertification in

关键词： Vegetation composition Vegetation productivity Dolomite Limestone Karst critical zone