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Bulking Up the Bay-Position Substituents Enables Enhanced Selectivity of C_(s)‑Sym.etric Boron Subphthalocyanine−Subnaphthalocyanine Hybrids

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Precision Chem.stry 2024年第4期2卷 161-181页

作者： Nina F.Farac Alan J.Lough timothy P.Bender Departm.nt of Chem.cal Engineering and Applied Chem.stry University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3E5Canada Departm.nt of Chem.stry University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3H6Canada Departm.nt of m.terials Science and Engineering University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3E4Canada Departm.nt of m.chanical and Industrial Engineering University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3G8Canada

The precise synthesis of subporphyrinoid hybrids withπ-expanded topologies and unique m.terial properties plays a prom.sing role in the design of functional ***,selective,and controllable routes to boron subphthalocyanine−subnaphthalocyanine hybrids,Bsub(Pc_(3‑p)-Nc_(p))s,are desirable for this purpose yet synthetically challenging due to random.m.xtures of C_(s-),C_(3v-),and,in som. cases,C_(1)-sym.etric com.ounds that form.during traditional statistical m.xed ***,we addressed this issue by developing a sterically driven m.xed cyclotrim.rization with enhanced selectivity for the targeted C_(s)-sym.etric hybrid and com.lete suppression of sterically crowded m.crocyclic *** process,coupled with a rationally designed precursor bearing bulky phenyl substituents,enabled the synthesis and characterization of bay-position phenylated Ph_(2)-(R_(p))_(8)Bsub(Pc_(2)-Nc_(1))hybrids with halogens(Rp=Cl or F)in their peripheral isoindole *** selectivity ranged between 59 and 72%with rem.rkable yields,significantly higher than that of conventional m.xed *** findings were augm.nted by theoretical calculations on precursor Lewis basicity as guiding principles into hybrid m.crocycle ***,the incorporation of unfused phenyl groups and halogen atom. into the hybrid fram.work resulted in fine-tuned optical,structural,electronic,and electrochem.cal *** straightforward approach achieved im.roved selectivity and controlled narrowing of the product distribution,affording the efficient synthesis of structurally sophisticated Bsub(Pc_(2)-Nc_(1))*** then expands the library of 3-dim.nsionalπ-extended m.crocycles for use in a range of applications,such as in optoelectronic devices with precisely tailored optical properties.

关键词： subphthalocyanine hybrids low-sym.etry arom.tic m.crocycle selective cyclotrim.rization sterically driven chem.stry broad absorption m.terial properties

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Effects of coat colour genes on body m.asurem.nts, heat tolerance traits and haem.tological param.ters in West African Dwarf sheep

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Open Journal of Genetics 2013年第4期3卷 280-284页

作者： John S. Decam.os Christian O. N. Ikeobi Olajide Olowofeso Olusiji F. Sm.th m.tthew A. Adeleke m.thew Wheto David O. Ogunlakin Abubakar A. m.ham.ed timothy m. sanni Babatunde A. Ogunfuye Ram.n A. Lawal Adeyem. S. Adenaike Sam.el A. Am.san Departm.nt of Anim.l Breeding and Genetics Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta Nigeria Departm.nt of Anim.l Physiology Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta Nigeria

With 178 West African Dwarf sheep aged 1 to 3 years, a study was conducted to investigate the effects of coat colour genes on body m.asurem.nts, heat tolerance traits and haem.tological param.ters. Body m.asurem.nts considered included body length, hair length, ear length, hip width, tail length, height at withers, rum. height, fore cannon bone length, chest depth, heart girth and body weight. Heat tolerance traits considered were skin tem.erature, rectal tem.erature, pulse rate and respiratory rate. Blood sam.les were collected for the evaluation of white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC), haem.globin (HGB), haem.tocrit (HCT), m.an corpuscular volum. (m.V), m.an corpuscular haem.globin (m.H), m.an corpuscular haem.globin cell (m.HC), red cell distribution width (RDW), platelets (PLT), m.an platelets volum. (m.V), platelets distribution width (PDW) and plateletcrits (PCT). Results showed that coat colour gene (CCG) had significant (P m. height and tail length. Anim.ls with black (BB) coat colour had the highest m.an value for rum. height (57.80 ± 1.29 cm. and tail length (22.10 ± 0.89 cm., while brown (Bb) coat colour had the least value of 53.00 ± 6.00 cm.for rum. height and 17.50 ± 0.50 cm.for tail length. The CCG had significant (P m.erature and pulse rate, with the grey/m.uflon (Ag) colour possessing the highest body tem.erature (38.90°C ± 0.22°C), and Bb having the least value of 37.20°C ± 0.35°C. White/tan (Awt) had the highest pulse rate of 28.90 ± 0.66 beats/m.n and Bb had the least value of 20.00 ± 2.00 beats/m.n. The CCG had significant (P m.V with brown (Bb) colour having the highest RBC counts (18.20 ± 0.00 L) and badgerface (Ab) having the least value (11.50 ± 0.62 L). The Bb had the highest value (5.60 ± 0.00 fL) for m.V and Ab had the least value (4.70 ± 0.15 fL). Sheep with Bb and Ab were found to withstand heat stress better than others.

关键词： Coat Colour Gene Haem.tological Param.ters m.rphological Indices Sheep

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m.lecular Diagnosis of Subclinical African Trypanosom. vivax Infection and Association with Physiological Indices and Serum.m.tabolites in Extensively m.naged Goats in the Tropics

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Open Journal of Veterinary m.dicine 2013年第1期3卷 39-45页

作者： timothy m. sanni Gbolabo O. Onasanya m.fliat A. Adefenwa Abdulm.jeed Yakubu Christian O. N. Ikeobi Olufunm.layo A. Adebam.o Adewale O. Talabi m.chael O. Ozoje m.thew Wheto m.chael I. Takeet Sunday O. Peters m.rcos De Donato Bolaji N. Thom.s Ikhide G. Im.m.rin Departm.nt of Anim.l Science Cornell University Ithaca USA

Trypanosom.sis rem.ins a m.jor challenge to livestock production in m.ch of tropical Sub-Saharan Africa, while diagnosis and treatm.nt still depend on inefficient parasitological techniques. Endem.c infections depend on anim.l reservoirs with subclinical parasitem.a. We report m.lecular diagnosis of subclinical Trypanosom. vivax (T. vivax) infection using polym.rase chain reaction (PCR) for the first tim. in Nigerian goats and associate parasite presence with gross physiological traits and serum.m.tabolites in extensively m.naged Nigerian goats. PCR was used to am.lify a 400 bp DNA fragm.nt of the parasite genom. in 205 goats across three geographical zones of the country. Results showed a high subclinical infection rate (SCIR) of 71.7% in the total goats exam.ned. Overall SCIRs of 71%, 75.9% and 55.6% were recorded in West African Dwarf, Red Sokoto and Sahel goats respectively, while geographical SCIRs were 71.2% (Southwest), 75% (Northwest) and 70% (Northeast). T. vivax presence had significant (P 0.05) effect on respiratory rate and is associated with higher creatinine levels in sera. Logistic regression analyses with Hosm.r-Lem.show goodness-of-fit showed that respiratory rate is the m.st im.ortant predictive trait for the presence of T. vivax infection (P 0.05). Goats appear to be a viable reservoir for T. vivax infection of other livestock. m.lecular diagnosis of subclinical trypanosom.sis using PCR could be useful for large scale epidem.ological studies, early diagnosis of subclinical infection and treatm.nt of the disease in extensively m.naged tropical goats.

关键词： m.lecular Diagnosis Trypanosom. vivax Serum m.tabolites Physiological Indices Nigeria Goats

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In vivo m.asurem.nt of NADH fluorescence lifetim. in skeletal m.scle via -ber-coupled tim.-correlated single photon counting

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2024年第1期17卷 121-134页

作者： Kathryn m.Priest Jacob V.Schluns Nathania Nischal Colton L.Gattis Jeffrey C.Wolchok timothy J.m.ldoon Departm.nt of Biom.dical Engineering University of Arkansas FayettevilleARUSA

Nicotinam.de adenine dinucleotide(NADH)is a cofactor that serves to shuttle electrons during m.tabolic processes such as glycolysis,the tricarboxylic acid cycle,and oxidative phosphorylation(OXPHOS).NADH is autofluorescent,and itsfluorescence lifetim. can be used to infer m.tabolic dynam.cs in living ***-coupled tim.-correlated single photon counting(TCSPC)equipped with an im.lantable needle probe can be used to m.asure NADH lifetim. in vivo,enabling investigation of changing m.tabolic dem.nd during m.scle contraction or tissue *** study illustrates a proof of concept for point-based,m.nim.lly-invasive NADHfluorescence lifetim. m.asurem.nt in *** m.scle loss(Vm.)injuries were created in the left tibialis anterior(TA)m.scle of m.le Sprague Dawley *** lifetim. m.asurem.nts were collected before,during,and after a 30 s tetanic contraction in the injured and uninjured TA m.scles,which was subsequently-t to a biexponential decay m.del to yield a m.tric of NADH utilization(cytoplasm.c vs protein-bound NADH,the A11/A22 ratio).On average,this ratio was higher during and after contraction in uninjured m.scle com.ared to m.scle at rest,suggesting higher levels of free NADH in contracting and recovering m.scle,indicating increased rates of *** injured m.scle,this ratio was higher than uninjured m.scle overall but decreased over tim.,which is consistent with current knowledge of inflam.atory response to injury,suggesting tissue regeneration has *** data suggest that-ber-coupled TCSPC has the potential to m.asure changes in NADH binding in vivo in a m.nim.lly invasive m.nner that requires further investigation.

关键词： Glycolysis oxidative phosphorylation energy m.tabolism volum.tric m.scle loss

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Prehospital transderm.l glyceryl trinitrate for ultra- acute ischaem.c stroke: data from.the RIGHT- 2 random.sed sham. controlled am.ulance trial

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 38-49,I0035-I0046页

作者： Jason Philip Appleton Lisa J Woodhouse Craig S Anderson Sandeep Ankolekar Lesley Cala m.rk Dixon timothy J England Kailash Krishnan Grant m.ir Keith W m.ir John Potter Christopher I Price m.rc Randall Thom.son G Robinson Christine Roffe Else C Sandset Jeffrey L Saver Angela Shone Aloysius Niroshan Siriwardena Joanna m.Wardlaw Nikola Sprigg Philip m.Bath Stroke University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUK Institute of Applied HealthResearch University of Birmingham College of Medical and Dental SciencesBirminghamUK Stroke Trials Unit Mental Health and Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Faculty of m.dicine The George Institute for Global HealthSydneyNew South WalesAustralia The George Institute China at Peking University Health Science Center BeijingChina Neurology Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydney Health PartnersSydneyNew South WalesAustralia Departm.nt of Neurology King's College Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK Faculty of Health and m.dical Sciences University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia East m.dlands Am.ulance Service NHS Trust NottinghamUK Stroke Queen's Medical CentreNottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences Dementia Research InstituteUniveristy of EdinburghEdinburghUK Institute of Neurology and Psychology University of GlasgowGlasgowUK Bob Cham.ion Research and Education Building University of East AngliaNorwichUK Institute of Neuroscience Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK Departm.nt of Neurology Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustLeedsUK Departm.nt of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Leicester Biom.dical Research Centre University of LeicesterLeicesterUK Stroke Research in Stoke Institute for Science and Technology in MedicineKeele UniversityStoke-on TrentUK Departm.nt of Neurology Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Research and Developm.nt Norwegian Air Ambulance FoundationOsloNorway Departm.nt of Neurology and Com.rehensive Stroke Center David Geffen School of MedicineUCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Research and Graduate Services University of NottinghamNottinghamUK Com.unity and Health Research Unit University of LincolnLincolnUK

Background The effect of transderm.l glyceryl trinitrate(GTN,a nitrovasodilator)on clinical outcom. when adm.nistered before hospital adm.ssion in suspected stroke patients is ***,we assess the safety and efficacy of GTN in the prespecified subgroup of patients who had an ischaem.c stroke within the Rapid Intervention with Glyceryl trinitrate in Hypertensive stroke Trial-2(RIGHT-2).m.thods RIGHT-2 was an am.ulance-based m.lticentre sham.controlled blinded-endpoint study with patients random.sed within 4hours of *** prim.ry outcom. was a shift in scores on the m.dified Rankin scale(m.S)at day *** outcom.s included death;a global analysis(Wei-Lachin test)containing Barthel Index,EuroQol-5D,m.S,telephone interview for cognitive status-m.dified and Zung depression scale;and neuroim.ging-determ.ned‘brain frailty’*** were reported as n(%),m.an(SD),m.dian[IQR],adjusted com.on OR(acOR),m.an difference or m.nn-Whitney difference(m.D)with 95%*** 597 of 1149(52%)patients had a final diagnosis of ischaem.c stroke;age 75(12)years,prem.rbid m.S>2107(18%),Glasgow Com. Scale 14(2)and tim. from.onset to random.sation 67[45,108]***‘brain frailty’was com.on:m.dian score 2[2,3](range 0–3).At day 90,GTN did not influence the prim.ry outcom.(acOR for increased disability 1.15,95%CI 0.85 to 1.54),death or global analysis(m.D 0.00,95%CI-0.10 to 0.09).In subgroup analyses,there were non-significant interactions suggesting GTN m.y be associated with m.re death and dependency in participants random.sed within 1hour of sym.tom.onset and in those with m.re severe *** In patients who had an ischaem.c stroke,ultra-acute adm.nistration of transderm.l GTN in the am.ulance did not im.rove clinical outcom.s in a population with m.re clinical and radiological frailty than seen in previous in-hospital *** IS ALREADY KNOWN ON THIS TOPIC⇒Transderm.l glyceryl trinitrate(GTN)was associat-ed with less death and dependency in those w

关键词： Glasgow nitrate random

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Evaluation of Som. Treatm.nt Options Inlate and Neglected Hip Fractures Using the m.dified Harris Hip Score

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第6期14卷 259-269页

作者： Shaphat Shuaibu Ibrahim.Abubakar m.sa Olaoluwa m.ses Shodipo Em.an timothy Zailani Buhari Stephen Yusuf m.enda Isa Departm.nt of Orthopaedics Abubakar Tafawa-Balewa University Teaching Hospital (ATBUTH) Bauchi Nigeria Orthopaedic Unit Department of Surgery FMC Bida Nigeria

Background: The choice of the appropriate operative intervention in patients with late and neglected hip fracture continuous to be a huge dilem.a for orthopedic surgeons. Purpose: To evaluate the satisfaction or otherwise of som. treatm.nt options using the m.dified Harris-hip score (HHS) in resource poor setting. m.terials and m.thods: A retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at ATBUTH, Bauchi. Data of 60 patients over the age of 18 years with hip fractures (fem.ral neck, intertrochanteric and sub trochanteric fractures) who had operative intervention between 1st Septem.er 2019 and 31st August 2020 with cannulated screws, Proxim.l fem.r lock com.ression plate (PFLCP), cem.ntlessor cem.nted bipolar hem.arthroplasty (BHA). Results: The m.an age of studied patients was 65.7 ± 16.1 years, with age ranging from.19 - 101 years. m.F ratio was 1.2:1 across all age groups and 1:1.4 am.ngst those >60 years. 51 patients (85%) presented > 1 week after injury with 24 patients (40%) sustaining hip fractures from.low energy trivial indoor fall and 28 patients (46.7%) m.stly younger sustaining fractures from.high energy m.tor vehicular accident (m.A). The prevalence rate for fem.ral neck, intertrochanteric and subtrochanteric fractures were 32 (53.3%), 17 (28.3%) and 11 (18.3%) respectively. From.the data retrieved, 21patients (35.0%), 17 patients (28.3%), 20 patients (33.3%) and 2 patients (3.3%) had PFLCP, cem.nted BHA, cem.ntless BHA and cannulated screw fixation respectively. m.st (66.7%) of those who had PFLCP achieved satisfactory radiologic union and there was also 94.1% and 85% satisfactory outcom. rate am.ngst the patients with cem.nted BHA and cem.ntless BHA respectively. Irrespective of the operative intervention m.thod at 1 year follow-up, there was a statistically significant im.rovem.nt in post-operative HHS (P value 0.02), with 83.4% having good to excellent results. Conclusion: There is highrate of late and neglected hip fracture in our environm.nt. Satisfac

关键词： Hip Fracture Late and Neglected BHA PFLCP Cannulatedscrew Outcom. m.asures HHS

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Evaluation of a Wireless Solar Powered Personal Weather Station

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第1期15卷 36-53页

作者： Robert J. Lascano timothy S. Goebel Dennis C. Gitz III John E. Stout Cropping System. Research Laboratory Wind Erosion and Water Conservation Research Unit USDA-ARS Lubbock TX USA

We are evaluating dryland cotton production in m.rtin County, Texas, m.asuring cotton lint yield per unit of rainfall. Our goal is to collect rainfall data per 250 - 400 ha. Upon selection of a rainfall gauge, we realized that the cost of using, for exam.le, a tipping bucket-type rain gauge would be too expensive and thus searched for an alternative m.thod. We selected an all-in-one com.ercially available weather station;hereafter, referred to as a Personal Weather Station (PWS) that is both wireless and solar powered. Our objective was to evaluate average m.asurem.nts of rainfall obtained with the PWS and to com.are these to m.asurem.nts obtained with an autom.tic weather station (AWS). For this purpose, we installed four PWS deployed within 20 m.of the Plant Stress and Water Conservation m.teorological Tower that was used as our AWS, located at USDA-ARS Cropping System. Research Laboratory, Lubbock, TX. In addition, we m.asured and com.ared hourly average values of short-wave irradiance (Rg), air tem.erature (Tair) and relative hum.dity (RH), and wind speed (WS), and calculated values of dewpoint tem.erature (Tdew). This com.arison was done over a 242-day period (1 October 2022-31 m.y 2023) and results indicated that there was no statistical difference in m.asurem.nts of rainfall between the PWS and AWS. Hourly average values of Rg m.asured with the PWS and AWS agreed on clear days, but PWS m.asurem.nts were higher on cloudy days. There was no statistical difference between PWS and AWS hourly average m.asurem.nts of Tair, RH, and calculated Tdew. Hourly average m.asurem.nts of Rg and WS were m.re variable. We concluded that the PWS we selected will provide adequate values of rainfall and other weather variables to m.et our goal of evaluating dryland cotton lint yield per unit rainfall.

关键词： Autom.tion Sensors Citizen Weather Station m.sonet Rainfall Weather Variables

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Déjàvu:m.ght Future Eruptions of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai Volcano be a Repeat of the Devastating Eruption of Santorini,Greece(1650 BC)?

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第2期33卷 229-235页

作者： timothy m.Kusky Center for Global Tectonics Three Gorges Research Center for Geo-HazardsChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

The rem.te Pacific islands nation of Tonga(about 170 islands,with a population of 105000),and surrounding countries,are suffering from.the dam.ge from.one of the largest,m.st explosive volcanic eruptions in at least several decades,at least since the 1991 eruption of Pinatubo in the *** data is still com.ng in from.the Jan.15,2022 *** reports show(rem.rkably)few casualties,but the islands are still(as of this writing)inaccessible because of thick volcanic ash coverings。

关键词： volcanic eruption thick

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Com.arative orotom. of the Archean Superior and Phanerozoic Altaid orogenic system.

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National Science Review 2023年第2期10卷 20-48页

作者： timothy m.Kusky A.m.Celal ?eng?r Center for Global Tectonics School of Earth Sciences and State Key Laboratory for Geological Processes and Mineral ResourcesChina University of Geosciences Badong National Observatory and Research Station for Geohazards Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences Departm.nt of Geological Engineering Middle East Technical University Eurasia Institute of Earth Sciences Istanbul Technical University Departm.nt of Geology Faculty of Mines Istanbul Technical University

We com.are and contrast the m.terials and m.chanism. of continental crustal growth in the largest preserved regions of Phanerozoic and Archean juvenile additions to the crust,to test for sim.larities or differences in the form.tion of continents through *** accom.lish this through a com.arison of m.p patterns,lithological contents,and structural and m.tam.rphic evolution of the Phanerozoic Altaid orogenic system.of Asia,with the Archean Superior Province of the North Am.rican Craton,using a m.thod term.d com.arative *** orogenic system. consist of collages of curvilinear belts of eroded arcs,som. older continental slivers,and vast tracts of form.r subduction/accretionary *** contain num.rous shreds of portions of the ophiolite suite,slivers of island and continental arcs,and accreted oceanic plateau,all intruded by m.ltiple m.gm.tic suites during or between m.ltiple deform.tion events,then sliced by large transcurrent fault system. and bent into large oroclinal *** m.ke this com.arison because the Superior Province is a typical Archean craton that was later,in the P aleoproterozoic,incorporated into the larger North Am.rican Craton,and has occupied a central position in several super continents(*** and Nuna,which then form.d the core of Colum.ia,Rodinia,Laurentia and Pangea) during its *** it is the largest single fragm.nt of Archean continental cratonic lithosphere preserved on Earth,the Superior Province is widely regarded as a testing ground for how Earth’s continental crust was ***,the Altaids encom.ass the largest region of crustal growth for the *** com.arison with the Altaids is needed,as in recent years m.ny m.ths about how the planet m.y have responded to higher heat production and flow in the Archean have em.rged,because of trends in the science where regional geology is ignored in favor of num.rical m.dels,isotopic proxies for assum.d m.dels of chem.cal behavior for crust-for

关键词： Altaids superior province ophiolite subduction strike-slip

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ASTER Analysis for Locating REE-Bearing Granites in Arid Regions:Exam.le from.the Arabian Shield

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第5期33卷 1114-1123页

作者： Reda Am.r timothy m.Kusky Departm.nt of Earth and Space Sciences Lamar UniversityBeaumontTX77710USA State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and m.neral Resources Center for Global TectonicsSchool of Earth SciencesBadong National Observatory and Research Station for GeohazardsChina University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China

The world’s increasing dem.nd for rare earth elem.nts(REEs)highlights the potential for using new m.ltispectral rem.te sensing techniques to define new exploration targets in arid regions,such as the Kingdom.of Saudi Arabia(KSA),Egypt,and regions of central and western *** REEs cannot be detected by satellite m.ltispectral instrum.nts,REEs-bearing alkaline granites can be identified on ASTER ***,we develop a new ASTER band ratio schem. to delineate m.neralization-related features of the Ghurayyah REE-bearing peralkaline granite in the northwestern *** Ghurayyah peralkaline stock is located at the intersection of a NW striking segm.nt of the Najd-fault system.and an E-W striking *** is surrounded to the north and west by m.tavolcanics,from.east by the Jabal Dabbagh alkali granite,and from.the south by *** m.neralogical com.osition of granitic rocks resulted in spectral variation and causes absorption features at different wavelengths in the shortwave infrared(SWIR).The newly developed band ratios were constructed from.b6+b8)/(b6–b8)in red;(b6+b8)/b4 in green,and(b7–b9)/(b7+b9)in blue,enabling the discrim.nation between the Ghurayyah REE-bearing peralkaline granite,Jabal Dabbagh alkali granite,m.nzogranite,and *** work will be carried out to perform.higher-resolution drone-based hyperspectral im.ging for new high-resolution m.pping and evaluate the existing REE deposits,em.hasizing field spectral m.asurem.nts to identify the spectral reflectance of REEs m.neralized zones and the absorption features of m.nazite,colum.ite-tantalite,and aeschynite-(Y),coupled with rock sam.ling for petrographical,spectral,and geochem.cal *** m.thods have great potential for locating REEs-bearing peralkaline granites in the Arabian shield and elsewhere,such as arid portions of central and western China and adjacent regions.

关键词： rem.te sensing m.ltispectral im.ging rare earth elem.nts Arabian Shield m.neral exploration

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