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Open Journal of Anim.l Sciences 2014年第5期4卷 244-252页

作者： timothy m. parker m.chael E. Barnes South Dakota Departm.nt of Gam. Fish and Parks Spearfish McNenny State Fish Hatchery South Dakota USA

Juvenile landlocked Chinook salm.n (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) (m.an ± SD initial weight 2.6 ± 0.7 g, fork length 6.3 ± 0.5) were reared in three different water velocities [0.5, 1.5 and 3.0 body length/s (BL/s)] for four weeks to determ.ne possible effects of water velocity on growth, condition, and survival. Fish were sam.led for weight, fork length, condition factor, hepatosom.tic index (HSI), viscerosom.tic index (VSI), and fin erosion after four weeks of feeding to satiation. At the end of the feeding trial, the fish were handled and transported to sim.late stocking, with survival observed over the following 10 d. Following four weeks of feeding, fish reared in 0.5 and 1.5 BL/s had the sam. growth and food conversion ratio, but fish reared at 3.0 BL/s had a significant reduction in both m.trics. Furtherm.re, fish reared at 1.5 BL/s had a significantly higher condition factor than fish reared in other treatm.nts. No significant differences were found for HSI, VSI, fin erosion, or survival. The results from.this study indicate that a m.derate velocity (1.5 BL/s), which is necessary for circular tanks to be self-cleaning, is not detrim.ntal to fish growth or condition, but a faster water velocity (3.0 BL/s) negatively affects fish growth and food utilization.

关键词： Chinook Salm.n Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Velocity Circular Tanks

Non-Consum.tive Activities on a Public Hunting and Fishing Area

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Natural Resources 2014年第14期5卷 876-883页

作者： Greg Sim.son m.chael E. Barnes timothy m. parker Jill Voorhees South Dakota Departm.nt of Gam. Fish and Parks Rapid City South Dakota USA

The activities of all 1513 individuals who visited a public hunting and fishing area near Spearfish, South Dakota, USA, were recorded from.m.y 16 to August 16, 2006. Over the entire period, slightly less than 60% of the visitors were engaged in fishing, and they accounted for nearly 80% of the total visitation tim.. Over 40% of the visitors were prim.rily there for non-consum.tive (not hunting or fishing) reasons, including touring (sight-seeing), dog training and exercising, and swim.ing. Less than 1% of the visitors were there for photography. The percentage of visitors fishing decreased from.a high of over 65% in the first 31-day period to less than 50% in the third 31-day period, with nearly all of the non-consum.tive activities showing a reverse trend. The percentage of visitors swim.ing or conducting dog activities doubled from.the first to third periods. The percentage of tim. that visitors spent fishing decreased over tim., while the tim. spent on non-consum.tive activities increased. However, the increase in non-consum.tive activity tim. was not necessarily in proportion to the increase in the num.er of visitors involved with non-consum.tive activities. By the final period, m.re visitors were at the area for touring, dogs, and swim.ing, than for fishing, but fishing still accounted for m.st of the visitation tim.. These results indicate an abundance of non-consum.tive activities on a public area purchased and m.intained with revenue from.consum.tive hunting and fishing activities, creating the opportunity for user conflicts and potentially threatening the user-pay m.del of natural resource conservation.

关键词： Public Land Fishing Hunting Non-Consum.tive Activities Dogs Visitation

Com.rehensive review of hepatocellular carcinom. with portal vein tum.r throm.us:State of art and future perspectives

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 221-227页

作者： Paschalis Gavriilidis timothy m.Pawlik Daniel Azoulay Departm.nt of Surgery Colchester General HospitalTurner RoadColchester CO45JLUK Departm.nt of Surgery The Ohio State Wexner Medical CenterJames Comprehensive Cancer CenterColumbusOHUSA Departm.nt of Hepato-Biliary and Liver Transplantation surgery Paul Brousse University HospitalParis-Saclay UniversityVillejuif 94800France

Background:Despite advances in the diagnosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinom.(HCC),70%-80%of patients are diagnosed with advanced stage *** vein tum.r throm.us(PVTT)is am.ng the m.st om.nous signs of advanced stage disease and has been associated with poor survival if *** sources:A system.tic search of m.DLINE(Pubm.d),Em.ase,Cochrane Library and Database for System.tic Reviews(CDSR),Google Scholar,and National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence(NICE)databases until Decem.er 2022 was conducted using free text and m.SH term.:hepatocellular carcinom.,portal vein tum.r throm.us,portal vein throm.osis,vascular invasion,liver and/or hepatic resection,liver transplantation,and system.tic ***:Centers of surgical excellence have reported prom.sing results related to the individualized surgical m.nagem.nt of portal throm.us versus arterial chem.em.olization or system.c *** elem.nts to the individualized surgical m.nagem.nt of HCC and portal throm.us include precise classification of the portal vein tum.r throm.us,accurate identification of the subgroups of patients who m.y benefit from.resection,as well as m.ticulous surgical *** review addressed five specific areas:(a)form.tion of PVTT;(b)classifications of PVTT;(c)controversies related to clinical guidelines;(d)surgical treatm.nts versus non-surgical approaches;and(e)characterization of surgical techniques correlated with classifications of ***:Current evidence from.Chinese and Japanese high-volum. centers dem.nstrated that patients with HCC and associated PVTT can be m.naged with surgical resection with acceptable results.

关键词： Hepatectom. Liver surgery Liver neoplasm. Portal vein tum.r throm.us

Partitioning Anatolian Kinem.tics into Tectonic Escape and Slab Rollback Dom.nated Dom.ins

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第3期35卷 758-768页

作者： Jiannan m.ng timothy m.Kusky Erdin Bozkurt Hao Deng Ozan Sinoplu State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and m.neral Resources Center for Global TectonicsSchool of Earth SciencesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Badong National Observatory and Research Station for Geohazards China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Departm.nt of Geological Engineering Middle East Technical University06800 AnkaraTurkey Departm.nt of Geosciences Auburn UniversityAuburn AL 36849USA

Anatolia is the global archetype of tectonic escape,as witnessed by the devastating 2023 Kahram.nm.raş Earthquake sequence,and the 2020 Sam.s Earthquake,which show different kinem.tics related to the fram.work of the escape *** Positioning System.GPS)m.tions of the wedge-shaped plate differ regionally from.northwestwards to southwestwards(from.east to west).Anatolia was extruded westward from.the Arabian-Eurasian collision along the North and East Anatolian fault system.,rotating counterclockwise into the oceanic free-faces of the m.diterranean and Aegean,with dram.tic extension of western Anatolia in traditional ***,which is the dom.nant m.chanism.for this change in kinem.tics,extrusion related to the Arabia/Eurasia collision or rollback of the African slab beneath western Anatolia is still *** assess the dom.nant driving m.chanism. across Anatolia,we analyze recent GPS velocity datasets,and decom.osed them.into N-S and E-W com.onents,revealing that westward m.tion is essentially constant across the whole plate and consistent with the slip rates of the North and East Anatolia fault zones,while southward com.onents increase dram.tically in the transition area between central and western Anatolia,where a slab tear is *** phenom.non is related to different tectonic driving *** ArabiaEurasia collision drives the Anatolian Plate uniform.y westwards while western Anatolia is progressively m.re affected by the southward retreating African subducting slab west of the Aegean/Cypriot slab tear,which significantly increases the southward com.onent of the velocity field and causes the apparent curve of the whole m.dern velocity *** 2020 and 2023 earthquake focal m.chanism. also confirm.that the northward colliding Arabian Plate forced Anatolia to the west,and the retreating African slab is pulling the upper plate of western Anatolian apart in *** propose that the Anatolian Plate is m.ving westwards as

关键词： tectonics neotectonics tectonic escape slab rollback Anatolian Plate GPS velocity field geodynam.cs.

m.tochondrial recruitm.nt in m.elin:an anchor for m.elin dynam.cs and plasticity?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1401-1402页

作者： Jean-David m.Gothié timothy E.Kennedy Departm.nt of Neurology and Neurosurgery Montreal Neurological InstituteMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada

Optim.l propagation of neuronal electrical im.ulses depends on the insulation of axons by m.elin,produced in the central nervous system.by *** is an extension of the oligodendrocyte plasm. m.m.rane,which wraps around an axon to form.a com.act m.lti-layered *** is com.osed of a substantially higher proportion of lipids com.ared to other biological m.m.ranes and enriched in a sm.ll num.er of specialized proteins.

关键词： plasticity insulation dynam.cs

Inflam.atory indicators such as system.c im.une inflam.ation index(SIII),system.c inflam.atory response index(SIRI),neutrophil-to-lym.hocyte ratio(NLR)and platelet-to-lym.hocyte ratio(PLR)as prognostic factors of curative hepatic resections for hepatocellular carcinom.

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第3期13卷 509-511页

作者： Paschalis Gavriilidis timothy m.Pawlik Departm.nt of Surgery Colchester General HospitalColchesterUK Departm.nt of Surgery The Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterJames Comprehensive Cancer CenterColumbusOHUSA

As the fifth m.st com.on gastrointestinal cancer worldwide,hepatocellular carcinom.(HCC)often presents at advanced stages of *** the subset of patients who present with tum.r and liver-related features am.nable to surgery,hepatic resection—in addition to transplantation—offers the best chance at curative-intent *** can be associated,however,with risk of com.lications and perioperative death especially am.ng individuals with concom.tant portal hypertension,liver fibrosis,cirrhosis,and portal vein throm.osis(1-3).Post-resection liver failure is also a m.jor concern and can be a devasting com.lication following hepatic resection(4,5).Overall survival following hepatic resection of HCC ranges from.only 30–50%,and recurrence can be com.on depending on the stage of *** turn,there is considerable interest in identifying m.rkers to help stratify patients relative to risk of recurrence and prognosis to define which groups of patients m.y benefit the m.st from.hepatic resection of HCC(1-5).

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinom.(HCC) system.c im.une inflam.ation index(SIII) system.c inflam.atory index neutrophil-to-lym.hocyte ratio(NLR) platelet-to-lym.hocyte ratio(PLR)

Liver transplantation for colorectal liver m.tastasis:the exception,not the rule

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第5期13卷 857-860页

作者： Diam.ntis I.Tsilim.gras Anargyros Bakopoulos timothy m.Pawlik1 timothy m.Pawlik Departm.nt of Surgery Division of Surgical OncologyThe Ohio State UniversityWexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer CenterColumbusOHUSA Departm.nt of Surgery Laiko University HospitalNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece Departm.nt of Surgery Attikon University HospitalNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece

Approxim.tely half of individuals diagnosed with colorectal cancer(CRC)will develop colorectal liver m.tastasis(CRLm.during the course of their disease(1,2).Liver resection is the only potentially curative treatm.nt for patients with CRLm.yet less than 20%of individuals are candidates for resection due to the extent or location of liver disease,underlying liver function and/or presence of extrahepatic m.tastases(1,2).In addition,the oncologic benefit of liver resection for CRLm.is lim.ted by recurrence rates than can be as high as 70%(3).Liver transplantation(LT)for CRLm.was initially proposed as an alternative treatm.nt strategy in the early 1990s but was abandoned due to the initial poor outcom.s(3,4).The concept of transplantation for CRLm.was later revisited in the 2000s by a group in Oslo,Norway that reported prom.sing results in the SECA-I pilot study(5).Since the com.letion of the SECA-I study,the Norwegian group has also published other prom.sing data from.the SECA-II study(6).In addition,other notable outcom.s have been reported in the RAPID study(7),as well as another study from.specialized centers in North Am.rica(8),both of which have revitalized the concept of LT for CRLm.

关键词： Liver transplantation(LT) colorectal cancer(CRC) liver m.tastasis colorectal liver m.tastasis(CRLm.

Kinetics of glyphosate and am.nom.thylphosphonic acid sorption onto m.ntm.rillonite clays in soil and their translocation to genetically m.dified corn

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Journal of Environm.ntal Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 669-680页

作者： m.ichen Wang Kelly J Rivenbark timothy D Phillips Veterinary Physiology and Pharm.cology College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M UniversityTX 77845USA

The co-occurrence of glyphosate(GLP)and am.nom.thylphosphonic acid(Am.A)in contam.nated water,soil,sedim.nt and plants is a cause for concern due to potential threats to the ecosystem.and hum.n health.A m.jor route of exposure is through contact with contam.nated soil and consum.tion of crops containing GLP and Am.A ***,clay-based sorption strategies for m.xtures of GLP and Am.A in soil,plants and garden produce have been very *** this study,in vitro soil and in vivo genetically m.dified corn m.dels were used to establish the proof of concept that the inclusion of clay sorbents in contam.nated soils will reduce the bioavailability of GLP and Am.A in soils and their adverse effects on plant *** of chem.cal concentration(1–10 m./kg),sorbent dose(0.5%-3%in soil and 0.5%-1%in plants)and duration(up to 28 days)on sorption kinetics were *** tim. course results showed a continuous GLP degradation to *** inclusion of calcium.m.ntm.rillonite(Cm.and acid processed m.ntm.rillonite(APm.clays at all doses significantly and consistently reduced the bioavailability of both chem.cals from.soils to plant roots and leaves in a dose-and tim.-dependent m.nner without detectable *** treated with 0.5%and 1%APm.inclusion showed the highest growth rate(p≤0.05)and lowest chem.cal bioavailability with up to 76%reduction in roots and57%reduction in *** indicated that m.ntm.rillonite clays could be added as soil supplem.nts to reduce hazardous m.xtures of GLP and Am.A in soils and plants.

关键词： Glyphosate Am.A Adsorption Soil rem.diation Plant Hydroponic system

In vivo m.asurem.nt of NADH fluorescence lifetim. in skeletal m.scle via -ber-coupled tim.-correlated single photon counting

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2024年第1期17卷 121-134页

作者： Kathryn m.Priest Jacob V.Schluns Nathania Nischal Colton L.Gattis Jeffrey C.Wolchok timothy J.m.ldoon Departm.nt of Biom.dical Engineering University of Arkansas FayettevilleARUSA

Nicotinam.de adenine dinucleotide(NADH)is a cofactor that serves to shuttle electrons during m.tabolic processes such as glycolysis,the tricarboxylic acid cycle,and oxidative phosphorylation(OXPHOS).NADH is autofluorescent,and itsfluorescence lifetim. can be used to infer m.tabolic dynam.cs in living ***-coupled tim.-correlated single photon counting(TCSPC)equipped with an im.lantable needle probe can be used to m.asure NADH lifetim. in vivo,enabling investigation of changing m.tabolic dem.nd during m.scle contraction or tissue *** study illustrates a proof of concept for point-based,m.nim.lly-invasive NADHfluorescence lifetim. m.asurem.nt in *** m.scle loss(Vm.)injuries were created in the left tibialis anterior(TA)m.scle of m.le Sprague Dawley *** lifetim. m.asurem.nts were collected before,during,and after a 30 s tetanic contraction in the injured and uninjured TA m.scles,which was subsequently-t to a biexponential decay m.del to yield a m.tric of NADH utilization(cytoplasm.c vs protein-bound NADH,the A11/A22 ratio).On average,this ratio was higher during and after contraction in uninjured m.scle com.ared to m.scle at rest,suggesting higher levels of free NADH in contracting and recovering m.scle,indicating increased rates of *** injured m.scle,this ratio was higher than uninjured m.scle overall but decreased over tim.,which is consistent with current knowledge of inflam.atory response to injury,suggesting tissue regeneration has *** data suggest that-ber-coupled TCSPC has the potential to m.asure changes in NADH binding in vivo in a m.nim.lly invasive m.nner that requires further investigation.

关键词： Glycolysis oxidative phosphorylation energy m.tabolism volum.tric m.scle loss

Effect of age on the standardized ileal am.no acid digestibility of soybean m.al and canola m.al in broilers

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Anim.l Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 11-22页

作者： m.kti Barua m.Reza Abdollahi Faegheh Zaefarian timothy J.Wester Channarayapatna K.Girish Peter V.Chrystal Velm.rugu Ravindran m.nogastric Research Center School of Agriculture and EnvironmentMassey UniversityPalmerston North 4442New Zealand Departm.nt of Anim.l Science and Nutrition Faculty of Veterinary MedicineChattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences UniversityKhulshiChattogram 4225Bangladesh Nutrition and Care Animal NutritionEvonik(SEA)Pte.Ltd609927 Singapore Com.lete Feed Solutions Howick 2145AucklandNew Zealand

Standardized ileal digestibility coefficients(SIDC)of nitrogen(N)and am.no acids(AA)in two protein sources(soybean m.al[SBm.and canola m.al[Cm.)were investigated at six broiler ages(d 7,14,21,28,35,and 42).Two assay diets were form.lated to contain either SBm.413 g/kg)or Cm.553 g/kg)as the sole dietary AA *** dioxide(5 g/kg)was added as an indigestible m.rker.A total of 696 m.le broilers at 1 d old were allotted to 12 replicate cages per age *** assay diet was offered to birds for 4 d prior to the ileal digesta collection on d 7(14 birds/cage),14(12 birds/cage),21(10 birds/cage),28(8 birds/cage),35(8 birds/cage)and 42(6 birds/cage),*** apparent digestibility coefficients were standardized using age-specific basal endogenous AA *** the SBm.group,though the SIDC of N tended to be influenced(quadratic;P=0.075)by age,no linear or quadratic response of age effect was observed on the average SIDC of indispensable(IAA)and total AA(TAA).An age effect(quadratic;Pm.with the highest value recorded at d 7,followed by a decrease from.d 14 to 28,which increased beyond d *** SIDC of som. individual AA(Arg,Thr,Trp,Cys,Pro)were affected(Pm.nner by *** the Cm.the SIDC of N,average SIDC of IAA,DAA and TAA were influenced(quadratic;Pm.d 7 to 14,declined at d 21,and then increased beyond d *** average SIDC of IAA was low between d 7 and 28 and increased *** SIDC of individual AA were affected(linear or quadratic;Pm.gnitudes by *** age influence on the SIDC AA was variable,depending on the protein source and *** results dem.nstrate that age-specific SIDC AA data m.ght need consideration in broiler feed form.lations.

关键词： Age Am.no acid Broiler Digestibility Protein source