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伦敦地铁中央线新客车

国外铁道车辆 1993年第4期30卷 22-24页

作者： Colin j.marsden 李亚斌

伦敦地铁于1988年向英国铁路工程公司订购了680辆地铁车辆。这批车将编成85列八节车编组的动车组,总投资额达3.5亿英镑。这批动车组是九年来伦敦地铁引进的首批新型地铁列车。利用德比利切奇·莱恩工厂铝合金车体制造设备生产的这批新车... 详细信息

伦敦地铁于1988年向英国铁路工程公司订购了680辆地铁车辆。这批车将编成85列八节车编组的动车组,总投资额达3.5亿英镑。这批动车组是九年来伦敦地铁引进的首批新型地铁列车。利用德比利切奇·莱恩工厂铝合金车体制造设备生产的这批新车,体现了最新式的车辆设计。新的八节车编组地铁列车约比现有列车长5 m,每列车可载客1300人左右。同中央线现有的1960年造车辆相比,一个最重大的改进是采用了开度较大且可由旅客操纵的外装式拉门,既改善了旅客上下车流动,又能减少旅客在站台上的停留时间。

关键词：地下铁道客车

Productivity constraints on Citron-crested Cockatoos in a rich community of large hole-nesting birds

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Avian Research 2022年第1期13卷 25-35页

作者： Anna Reuleaux Benny A.Siregar Nigel j.Collar Ani Mardiastuti Stuart j.marsden Department of Natural Sciences Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK Burung Indonesia BogorIndonesia BirdLife International CambridgeUK Bogor Agricultural University(IPB University) BogorIndonesia

Knowledge of breeding success and its limiting factors is crucial in assessing species’conservation *** cavity-nesters,parrots are particularly influenced by the availability of suitable cavities and low breeding output,whether due to natural processes or *** the island of Sumba,Indonesia,the Critically Endangered Citron-crested Cockatoo(Cacatua citrinocristata)has the added problem of co-existing with an unusually rich hole-nesting bird community in a forested environment much constrained by habitat *** monitored 95 nesting cavities of cockatoos and their competitors and potential nest-predators,over one to four breeding seasons,using a combination of camera-traps,direct checks on nest contents,and observations from the *** for suitable cavities was intense among three large parrot species,two owls and a *** rates by potential competitors were higher at unoccupied cavities than at those containing active nests,reflecting the guarding behaviour of the *** Endangered Sumba Hornbill(Rhyticeros everetti)dominated observed direct confrontations and was the most frequent visitor to active parrot nests,suggesting a further role as a potential *** prospected many cavities but rarely then attempted to nest:instead the sites were usually occupied by other cavity-nesters,or by *** the few cavities where cockatoos did breed,predation pressure was likely low,and observed success rate high(10 successful of 15 nests),although the low number of nests found early in the breeding cycle suggests that some may have failed before *** competition for cavities suggests a shortage of suitable nest-sites,the need for preservation of old hole-bearing trees and a role for ***,known,safe artificial nest-sites would also provide opportunities to assess the scale of nest-site shortage,allow camera placements to study productivity,exclude some competitors and predators,and prevent ill

关键词： Camera-traps Competition Conservation Hornbills Parrots Predation

Immuno-oncology combinations： raising the tail of the survival curve

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2016年第2期13卷 171-193页

作者： Samuel j. Harris jessica Brown juanita Lopez timothy A. Yap Drug Development Unit Royal Marsden Hospital and The Institute of Cancer Research London SM2 5PT UK Lung Unit Royal Marsden Hospital and The Institute of Cancer Research London SM2 5PT UK

There have been exponential gains in immuno-oncology in recent times through the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Already approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for advanced melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer,immune checkpoint inhibitors also appears to have significant antitumor activity in multiple other tumor types. An exciting component of immunotherapy is the durability of antitumor responses observed, with some patients achieving disease control for many years. Nevertheless, not all patients benefit, and efforts should thus now focus on improving the efficacy of immunotherapy through the use of combination approaches and predictive biomarkers of response and resistance. There are multiple potential rational combinations using an immunotherapy backbone, including existing treatments such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy or molecularly targeted agents, as well as other immunotherapeutics. The aim of such antitumor strategies will be to raise the tail on the survival curve by increasing the number of long term survivors, while managing any additive or synergistic toxicities that may arise with immunotherapy combinations. Rational trial designs based on a clear understanding of tumor biology and drug pharmacology remain paramount. This article reviews the biology underpinning immuno-oncology, discusses existing and novel immunotherapeutic combinations currently in development, the challenges of predictive biomarkers of response and resistance and the impact of immuno-oncology on early phase clinical trial design.

关键词： Combination drug therapy oncology clinical trials PD-1 PD-L1 CTLA4 biomarkers immunotherapy

Effect of oxygen and nitrogen functionalization on the physical and electronic structure of graphene

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Nano Research 2015年第8期8卷 2620-2635页

作者： Alexander j. marsden Peter Brommer james j. Mudd M. Adam Dyson Robert Cook Maria Asensio jose Avila Ana Levy jeremy Sloan David Quigley Gavin R. Bell Neil R. Wilson Department of Physics University of Warwick Coventry UK Centre for Scientific Computing University of Warwick Coventry UK Synchrotron SOLEIL L'Orme des Merisiers Saint Aubin-BP 48 91192 Gifsur Yvette Cedex France

Covalent functionalization of graphene offers opportunities for tailoring its properties and is an unavoidable consequence of some graphene synthesis techniques. However, the changes induced by the functionalization are not well understood. By using atomic sources to control the extent of the oxygen and nitrogen functionalization, we studied the evolution in the structure and properties at the atomic scale. Atomic oxygen reversibly introduces epoxide groups whilst, under similar conditions, atomic nitrogen irreversibly creates diverse functionalities including substitutional, pyridinic, and pyrrolic nitrogen. Atomic oxygen leaves the Fermi energy at the Dirac point （i.e., undoped）, whilst atomic nitrogen results in a net n-doping; however, the experimental results are consistent with the dominant electronic effect for both being a transition from delocalized to localized states, and hence the loss of the signature electronic structure of graphene.

关键词： graphene functionalization chemical vapor deposition density functional theory

Weak mismatch epitaxy and structural feedback in graphene growth on copper foil

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Nano Research 2013年第2期6卷 99-112页

作者： Neil R. Wilson Alexander j. marsden Mohammed Saghir Catherine j. Bromley Renald Schaub Giovanni Costantini Thomas W. White Cerianne Partridge Alexei Barinov Pavel Dudin Ana M. Sanchez james j. Mudd Marc Walker Gavin R. Bell Department of Physics University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews St Andrews KY16 9ST UK Department of Chemistry University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK Sincrotrone Trieste S.Cp.A. Area Science Park 1-34012 Basovizza Trieste Italy

Graphene growth by low-pressure chemical vapor deposition on low cost copper foils shows great promise for large scale applications. It is known that the local crystallography of the foil influences the graphene growth rate. Here we find an epitaxial relationship between graphene and copper foil. Interfacial restructuring between graphene and copper drives the formation of （nl0） facets on what is otherwise a mostly Cu（100） surface, and the facets in turn influence the graphene orientations from the onset of growth. Angle resolved photoemission shows that the electronic structure of the graphene is decoupled from the copper indicating a weak interaction between them. Despite this, two preferred orientations of graphene are found, ±8° from the Cu[010] direction, creating a non-uniform distribution of graphene grain boundary misorientation angles. Comparison with the model system of graphene growth on single crystal Cu（110） indicates that this orientational alignment is due to mismatch epitaxy. Despite the differences in symmetry the orientation of the graphene is defined by that of the copper. We expect these observations to not only have importance for controlling and understanding the growth process for graphene on copper, but also to have wider implications for the growth of two-dimensional materials on low cost metal substrates.

关键词： graphene chemical vapordeposition mismatch epitaxy structural feedback low energy electrondiffraction angle resolvedphoto-emissionspectroscopy (ARPES)

菲利浦型Cr_2O_3/SiO_2催化剂二级颗粒分裂模式的研究

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Chinese journal of Catalysis 1990年第6期11卷 514-519页

作者：王社民 Tait P.j.T marsden C.E. 化工部北京化工研究院北京100013 CHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT UMIST CROSFIELD CHEMICALS LTD.

在烯烃非均相配位聚合研究领域中,对于催化剂颗粒在聚合过程中产生分裂的观察和研究可以追溯到很久以前。人们的兴趣主要集中在这种分裂对于催化活性中心数目、性质以及对于聚合反应动力学和有关工程问题的影响。这些研究无疑将会对新... 详细信息

在烯烃非均相配位聚合研究领域中,对于催化剂颗粒在聚合过程中产生分裂的观察和研究可以追溯到很久以前。人们的兴趣主要集中在这种分裂对于催化活性中心数目、性质以及对于聚合反应动力学和有关工程问题的影响。这些研究无疑将会对新催化剂的研制、现有催化剂的改进以及解决有关聚合工程问题等提供有益的启示。

关键词： Cr2O3/SiO2 二级颗粒分裂

湖泊研究的新工具和新视野:第58届IAGLR年会观察

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湖泊科学 2015年第4期27卷 755-756页

作者：李刚 jason D.Stockwell j.Ellen marsden 徐耀阳中国科学院城市环境研究所佛蒙特大学Rubenstein生态系统科学实验室佛蒙特大学EPSCoR研究中心

以中国为代表的发展中国家城镇化进程正在快速推进,前所未有地改变以欧美发达国家为主体的全球城镇发展格局.与此同时,与城镇化进程相关联的大气、土壤和水体等动植物栖息生境和人类生存环境正发生着深刻变化,并且日益受到社会的普遍关... 详细信息

以中国为代表的发展中国家城镇化进程正在快速推进,前所未有地改变以欧美发达国家为主体的全球城镇发展格局.与此同时,与城镇化进程相关联的大气、土壤和水体等动植物栖息生境和人类生存环境正发生着深刻变化,并且日益受到社会的普遍关注和广泛重视.

关键词：湖泊研究 IAGLR 水产品生产生存环境人类社会物质循环文化美学气候调节湖滨带社会经济

Achieving fish passage outcomes at irrigation infrastructure;a case study from the Lower Mekong Basin

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2021年第2期6卷 113-124页

作者： Lee j.Baumgartner Chris Barlow Martin Mallen-Cooper Craig Boys Tim marsden Garry Thorncraft Oudom Phonekhampheng Douangkham Singhanouvong William Rice Michael Roy Lin Crase Bethany Cooper Institute for Land Water and SocietyCharles Sturt UniversityElizabeth Mitchell DriveAlburyNew South WalesAustralia Department of Primary Industries Port Stephens Fisheries CentrePrivate Bag 1Nelson BayNew South Wales2315Australia Australasian Fish Passage Services 27 Beachside PlaceShoal PointQLD4750Australia National University of Laos PO Box 10864Dongdok CampusVientianeLao Democratic People’s Republic Living Aquatic Resources Research Centre Phonsavang VillageSikhotabong DistrictVientianeLao Democratic People’s Republic United States Department of the Interior International Technical Assistance Program1849 C StreetNWWashington DC20240United States University of South Australia School of CommerceCity West CampusAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia

Irrigation infrastructure expansion threatens the diversity of freshwater fish *** infrastructure creates migration barriers which can block access to important nursery,feeding and spawning *** PDR is a landlocked country situated within the Lower Mekong River Basin where there is a substantial dependency on rice and fish for food,income and *** country is experiencing an unprecedented boom in irrigation infrastructure investment,with modernisation programs being implemented in every *** significant investment in infrastructure upgrades,and the potential impact on freshwater fish,little consideration has been given to fish passage *** 2008,we commenced a fish passage program in Lao *** intent of this case study is to outline the pivotal elements of the program of knowledge development and transfer,in the context of river connectivity and fisheries management in Lao *** also highlight challenges in international research in development and lessons learned.

关键词： Fish passage Tropical rivers Lower mekong basin Migration Fishway Lao PDR

Reply to“Soleus muscle flap for reconstruction of lower extremity *** or glue factory?”

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2022年第1期9卷 667-668页

作者： Kareem EL-Shishtawy Zita jessop Nicholas marsden Ahmed Emam Major Trauma Centre University Hospital of WalesCardiff CF144XWUK Welsh Centre for Burns and Plastic Surgery Swansea SA66NLUK Swansea University Medical School Swansea UniversitySwansea SA28PYUK

Dear Editor,We read with interest your recently published article entitled“Soleus muscle flap for reconstruction of lower extremity *** or glue factory?”by Kondra K,jimenez C,Stanton E,Roohani I,Becerra j,Carey *** in Plast Aesthet Res 2022;9:***://***/10.20517/*** would like to congratulate the authors for their contribution to this field and provide some additional insights from our own clinical practice in a major national trauma centre in the UK.

关键词： trauma horse Work