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controllable vortex lasing arrays in a geometrically frustrated exciton-polariton lattice at room temperature

National Science Review 2023年第1期10卷 196-204页

作者： Jun Wang Yutian Peng huawen Xu Jiangang Feng Yuqing huang Jinqi Wu timothy c.h.liew Qihua Xiong Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Department of Optical Science and Engineering and Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception Fudan University State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics Tsinghua University Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences

Quantized vortices appearing in topological excitations of quantum phase transition play a pivotal role in strongly correlated physics involving the underlying confluence of superfluids,Bose-Einstein condensates and superconductors.Exciton polaritons as bosonic quasiparticles have enabled studies of non-e quilibrium quantum gases and superfluidity.Exciton-polariton condensates in artificial lattices intuitively emulate energy-band structures and quantum many-body effects of condensed matter,underpinning constructing vortex lattices and controlling quantum fluidic circuits.here,we harness exciton-polariton quantum fluids of light in a frustrated kagome lattice based on robust metal-halide perovskite microcavities,to demonstrate vortex lasing arrays and modulate their configurations at room temperature.Tomographic energy-momentum spectra unambiguously reveal massless Dirac bands and quenched kinetic-energy flat bands coexisting in kagome lattices,where polariton condensates exhibit prototypical honeycomb and kagome spatial patterns.Spatial coherence investigations illustrate two types of phase textures of polariton condensates carrying ordered quantized-vortex arrays and π-phase shifts,which could be selected when needed using lasing emission energy.Our findings offer a promising platform on which it is possible to study quantum-fluid correlations in complex polaritonic lattices and highlight feasible applications of structured light.

关键词： vortex lasing exciton–polariton lattice Bose–Einstein condensation the orbital angular momentum of light geometric frustration perovskite semiconductor

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Spontaneously coherent orbital coupling of counterrotating exciton polaritons in annular perovskite microcavities

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第3期10卷 401-408页

作者： Jun Wang huawen Xu Rui Su Yutian Peng Jinqi Wu timothy c.h.liew Qihua Xiong Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina MajuLab International Joint Research Unit UMI 3654CNRSUniversite Cote d'AzurSorbonne UniversiteNational University of SingaporeNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore Beijinq Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beiiinq 100193P.R.China

Exciton-polariton condensation is regarded as a spontaneous macroscopic quantum phenomenon with phase ordering and collective coherence.By engineering artificial annular potential landscapes in halide perovskite semiconductor microcavities,we experimentally and theoretically demonstrate the room-temperature spontaneous formation of a coherent superposition of exciton-polariton orbital states with symmetric petal-shaped patterns in real space,resulting from symmetry breaking due to the anisotropic effective potential of the birefringent perovskite crystals.The lobe numbers of such petal-shaped polariton condensates can be precisely controlled by tuning the annular potential geometry.These petal-shaped condensates form in multiple orbital states,carrying locked alternating nphase shifts and vortex-anti vortex superposition cores,arising from the coupling of counterrotating exciton-polaritons in the confined circular waveguide.Our geometrically patterned microcavity exhibits promise for realizing room-temperature topological polaritonic devices and optical polaritonic switches based on periodic annular potentials.

关键词： tuning annular coherent

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Perovskite polariton parametric oscillator

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Advanced Photonics 2021年第5期3卷 36-43页

作者： Jinqi Wu Rui Su Antonio Fieramosca Sanjib Ghosh Jiaxin Zhao timothy c.h.liew Qihua Xiong Nanyang Technological University School of Physical and Mathematical SciencesDivision of Physics and Applied PhysicsSingapore MajuLab International Joint Research Unit UMI 3654CNRSUniversite Cote d’AzurSorbonne UniversiteNational University of SingaporeNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore Tsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum PhysicsDepartment of PhysicsBeijingChina Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences BeijingChina Tsinghua University Beijing Innovation Center for Future ChipsBeijingChina

Optical parametric oscillators(OPOs)have been widely applied in spectroscopy,squeezed light,and correlated photons,as well as quantum information.conventional OPOs usually suffer from a high power threshold limited by weak high-order nonlinearity in traditional pure photonic systems.Alternatively,polaritonic systems based on hybridized exciton–photon quasi-particles exhibit enhanced optical nonlinearity by dressing photons with excitons,ensuring highly nonlinear operations with low power consumption.We report an on-chip perovskite polariton parametric oscillator with a low threshold.Under the resonant excitation at a range of angles,the signal at the ground state is obtained,emerging from the polariton-polariton interactions at room temperature.Our results advocate a practical way toward integrated nonlinear polaritonic devices with low thresholds.

关键词： inorganic perovskite semiconductors exciton-polaritons parametric oscillators four-wave mixing

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comprehensive review of hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus:State of art and future perspectives

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hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 221-227页

作者： Paschalis Gavriilidis timothy M Pawlik Daniel Azoulay Department of Surgery Colchester General HospitalTurner RoadColchester CO45JLUK Department of Surgery The Ohio State Wexner Medical CenterJames Comprehensive Cancer CenterColumbusOHUSA Department of hepato-Biliary and Liver Transplantation surgery Paul Brousse University HospitalParis-Saclay UniversityVillejuif 94800France

Background:Despite advances in the diagnosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(hcc),70%-80%of patients are diagnosed with advanced stage disease.Portal vein tumor thrombus(PVTT)is among the most ominous signs of advanced stage disease and has been associated with poor survival if untreated.Data sources:A systematic search of MEDLINE(PubMed),Embase,cochrane Library and Database for Systematic Reviews(cDSR),Google Scholar,and National Institute for health and clinical Excellence(NIcE)databases until December 2022 was conducted using free text and MeSh terms:hepatocellular carcinoma,portal vein tumor thrombus,portal vein thrombosis,vascular invasion,liver and/or hepatic resection,liver transplantation,and systematic review.Results:centers of surgical excellence have reported promising results related to the individualized surgical management of portal thrombus versus arterial chemoembolization or systemic chemotherapy.critical elements to the individualized surgical management of hcc and portal thrombus include precise classification of the portal vein tumor thrombus,accurate identification of the subgroups of patients who may benefit from resection,as well as meticulous surgical technique.This review addressed five specific areas:(a)formation of PVTT;(b)classifications of PVTT;(c)controversies related to clinical guidelines;(d)surgical treatments versus non-surgical approaches;and(e)characterization of surgical techniques correlated with classifications of PVTT.conclusions:current evidence from chinese and Japanese high-volume centers demonstrated that patients with hcc and associated PVTT can be managed with surgical resection with acceptable results.

关键词： hepatectomy Liver surgery Liver neoplasms Portal vein tumor thrombus

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Finding biomarkers of experience in animals

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 925-944页

作者： Sarah Babington Alan J.Tilbrook Shane K.Maloney Jill N.Fernandes Tamsyn M.crowley Luoyang Ding Archa h.Fox Song Zhang Elise A.Kho Daniel cozzolino timothy J.Mahony Dominique Blache School of Agriculture and Environment The University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA 6009Australia centre for Animal Science The Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia School of Veterinary Science The University of QueenslandGattonQLD 4343Australia School of human Sciences The University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA 6009Australia School of Medicine Deakin UniversityGeelongVIC 3217Australia Poultry hub Australia University of New EnglandArmidaleNSW 2350Australia college of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences The Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia

At a time when there is a growing public interest in animal welfare,it is critical to have objective means to assess the way that an animal experiences a situation.Objectivity is critical to ensure appropriate animal welfare outcomes.Existing behavioural,physiological,and neurobiological indicators that are used to assess animal welfare can verify the absence of extremely negative outcomes.But welfare is more than an absence of negative outcomes and an appropriate indicator should reflect the full spectrum of experience of an animal,from negative to positive.In this review,we draw from the knowledge of human biomedical science to propose a list of candidate biological markers(biomarkers)that should reflect the experiential state of non-human animals.The proposed biomarkers can be classified on their main function as endocrine,oxidative stress,non-coding molecular,and thermobiological markers.We also discuss practical challenges that must be addressed before any of these biomarkers can become useful to assess the experience of an animal in real-life.

关键词： Animal experience Animal welfare Biomarker Stress Welfare assessment

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Acetabular cup size trends in total hip arthroplasty

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第1期15卷 39-44页

作者： Daniel Patrick McKenna Alex Price timothy McAleese Darren Dahly Paul McKenna May cleary Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics University Hospital WaterfordWaterford X91 ER8EIreland Department of Epidemiology and Public health University College CorkCork T12 XF62Ireland

BAcKGROUND Total hip arthroplasty(ThA)is a common procedure for end stage osteoarthritis.The learning curve for ThA is complex and challenging.One of the most difficult skills to master is acetabular reaming.We wish to identify if experience in arthroplasty leads to preservation of more bone stock.AIM To investigate if increasing surgeon experience will predict an ever decreasing acetabular cup size.METhODS A retrospective case series of four attending orthopaedic surgeons was completed.All uncemented elective total hip arthroplasties since appointment were selected for inclusion.The size of acetabular cup used was noted and logistic regression was used to identify if a trend to smaller cups existed.RESULTS A total of 1614 subjects were included with a mean age of 64 years.Overall cups were on average 0.18mm smaller per year(95%confidence interval-0.25 to-0.11,Phowed cup sizes to decrease 0.27 mm/year for surgeon A,0.02 mm/year for surgeon B,0.15 mm/year for surgeon c and 0.29 mm/year for surgeon D.Three of the four surgeons had a more pronounced trend to smaller cups for male subjects than their female counterparts.cONcLUSION We found increasing surgeon experience to be associated with an ever-decreasing acetabular cup size.Smaller acetabular cup size may act as a surrogate marker of surgical proficiency by virtue of decreased acetabular reaming.

关键词： hip Arthroplasty Acetabulum cup Learning

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Bulking Up the Bay-Position Substituents Enables Enhanced Selectivity of cs‑Symmetric Boron Subphthalocyanine−Subnaphthalocyanine hybrids

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Precision chemistry 2024年第4期2卷 161-181页

作者： Nina F.Farac Alan J.Lough timothy P.Bender Department of chemical Engineering and Applied chemistry University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3E5Canada Department of chemistry University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3H6Canada Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3E4Canada Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3G8Canada

The precise synthesis of subporphyrinoid hybrids withπ-expanded topologies and unique material properties plays a promising role in the design of functional macrocycles.Easy,selective,and controllable routes to boron subphthalocyanine−subnaphthalocyanine hybrids,Bsub(Pc_(3‑p)-Ncp)s,are desirable for this purpose yet synthetically challenging due to random mixtures of cs-,c3v-,and,in some cases,c1-symmetric compounds that form during traditional statistical mixed cyclotrimerizations.herein,we addressed this issue by developing a sterically driven mixed cyclotrimerization with enhanced selectivity for the targeted cs-symmetric hybrid and complete suppression of sterically crowded macrocyclic byproducts.This process,coupled with a rationally designed precursor bearing bulky phenyl substituents,enabled the synthesis and characterization of bay-position phenylated Ph2-(Rp)8Bsub(Pc_(2)-Nc_(1))hybrids with halogens(Rp=cl or F)in their peripheral isoindole rings.Reaction selectivity ranged between 59 and 72%with remarkable yields,significantly higher than that of conventional mixed cyclotrimerizations.These findings were augmented by theoretical calculations on precursor Lewis basicity as guiding principles into hybrid macrocycle formation.Additionally,the incorporation of unfused phenyl groups and halogen atoms into the hybrid framework resulted in fine-tuned optical,structural,electronic,and electrochemical properties.This straightforward approach achieved improved selectivity and controlled narrowing of the product distribution,affording the efficient synthesis of structurally sophisticated Bsub(Pc_(2)-Nc_(1))hybrids.This then expands the library of 3-dimensionalπ-extended macrocycles for use in a range of applications,such as in optoelectronic devices with precisely tailored optical properties.

关键词： subphthalocyanine hybrids low-symmetry aromatic macrocycle selective cyclotrimerization sterically driven chemistry broad absorption material properties

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Evaluation of a Wireless Solar Powered Personal Weather Station

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第1期15卷 36-53页

作者： Robert J. Lascano timothy S. Goebel Dennis c. Gitz III John E. Stout cropping Systems Research Laboratory Wind Erosion and Water Conservation Research Unit USDA-ARS Lubbock TX USA

We are evaluating dryland cotton production in Martin county, Texas, measuring cotton lint yield per unit of rainfall. Our goal is to collect rainfall data per 250 - 400 ha. Upon selection of a rainfall gauge, we realized that the cost of using, for example, a tipping bucket-type rain gauge would be too expensive and thus searched for an alternative method. We selected an all-in-one commercially available weather station;hereafter, referred to as a Personal Weather Station (PWS) that is both wireless and solar powered. Our objective was to evaluate average measurements of rainfall obtained with the PWS and to compare these to measurements obtained with an automatic weather station (AWS). For this purpose, we installed four PWS deployed within 20 m of the Plant Stress and Water conservation Meteorological Tower that was used as our AWS, located at USDA-ARS cropping Systems Research Laboratory, Lubbock, TX. In addition, we measured and compared hourly average values of short-wave irradiance (Rg), air temperature (Tair) and relative humidity (Rh), and wind speed (WS), and calculated values of dewpoint temperature (Tdew). This comparison was done over a 242-day period (1 October 2022-31 May 2023) and results indicated that there was no statistical difference in measurements of rainfall between the PWS and AWS. hourly average values of Rg measured with the PWS and AWS agreed on clear days, but PWS measurements were higher on cloudy days. There was no statistical difference between PWS and AWS hourly average measurements of Tair, Rh, and calculated Tdew. hourly average measurements of Rg and WS were more variable. We concluded that the PWS we selected will provide adequate values of rainfall and other weather variables to meet our goal of evaluating dryland cotton lint yield per unit rainfall.

关键词： Automation Sensors citizen Weather Station Mesonet Rainfall Weather Variables

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Impact of pre- and peri-operative risk factors on length of stay and hospital readmission following minimally-invasive partial nephrectomy

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 72-79页

作者： Vanessa A.Lukas Rahul Dutta Ashok K.hemal Matvey Tsivian timothy E.craven Nicholas A.Deebel David D.Thiel Ram Anil Pathak Brigham and Women's hospital Division of UrologyDepartment of Surgery75 Francis StreetBostonMAUSA Atrium health Wake Forest Baptist Medical center Department of Urology1 Medical Center BlvdWinston-SalemNCUSA Mayo clinic Florida Department of Urology4500 San Pablo RoadJacksonvilleFLUSA

Objective:We conducted an analysis of the American college of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database for minimally-invasive partial nephrectomy cases reported with the goal to identify pre-and peri-operative variables associated with length of stay(LOS)greater than 3 days and readmission within 30 days.Methods:Records from 2008 to 2018 for“laparoscopy,surgical;partial nephrectomy”for prolonged LOS and readmission cohorts were compiled.Univariate analysis with chi-square,t-tests,and multivariable logistic regression analysis with odds ratios(ORs),p-values,and 95%confidence intervals assessed statistical associations.Results:Totally,20306 records for LOS greater than 3 days and 15854 for readmission within 30 days were available.Univariate and multivariable analysis exhibited similar results.For LOS greater than 3 days,undergoing non-elective surgery(OR=5.247),transfusion of greater than four units within 72 h prior to surgery(OR=5.072),pre-operative renal failure or dialysis(OR=2.941),and poor pre-operative functional status(OR=2.540)exhibited the strongest statistically significant associations.For hospital readmission within 30 days,loss in body weight greater than 10%in 6 months prior to surgery(OR=2.227)and bleeding disorders(OR=2.081)exhibited strongest statistically significant associations.conclusion:Multiple pre-and peri-operative risk factors are independently associated with prolonged LOS and hospital readmission within 30 days of surgery using the American college of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program data.Recognizing the risks factors that can potentially be improved prior to minimally-invasive partial nephrectomy is crucial to informing patient selection,optimization strategies,and patient education.

关键词： Minimally-invasive partial nephrectomy The American college of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Lengthof stay hospital readmission

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In vivo measurement of NADh fluorescence lifetime in skeletal muscle via -ber-coupled time-correlated single photon counting

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Journal of Innovative Optical health Sciences 2024年第1期17卷 121-134页

作者： Kathryn M.Priest Jacob V.Schluns Nathania Nischal colton L.Gattis Jeffrey c.Wolchok timothy J.Muldoon Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Arkansas FayettevilleARUSA

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADh)is a cofactor that serves to shuttle electrons during metabolic processes such as glycolysis,the tricarboxylic acid cycle,and oxidative phosphorylation(OXPhOS).NADh is autofluorescent,and itsfluorescence lifetime can be used to infer metabolic dynamics in living cells.Fiber-coupled time-correlated single photon counting(TcSPc)equipped with an implantable needle probe can be used to measure NADh lifetime in vivo,enabling investigation of changing metabolic demand during muscle contraction or tissue regeneration.This study illustrates a proof of concept for point-based,minimally-invasive NADhfluorescence lifetime measurement in vivo.Volumetric muscle loss(VML)injuries were created in the left tibialis anterior(TA)muscle of male Sprague Dawley rats.NADh lifetime measurements were collected before,during,and after a 30 s tetanic contraction in the injured and uninjured TA muscles,which was subsequently-t to a biexponential decay model to yield a metric of NADh utilization(cytoplasmic vs protein-bound NADh,the A11/A22 ratio).On average,this ratio was higher during and after contraction in uninjured muscle compared to muscle at rest,suggesting higher levels of free NADh in contracting and recovering muscle,indicating increased rates of glycolysis.In injured muscle,this ratio was higher than uninjured muscle overall but decreased over time,which is consistent with current knowledge of inflammatory response to injury,suggesting tissue regeneration has occurred.These data suggest that-ber-coupled TcSPc has the potential to measure changes in NADh binding in vivo in a minimally invasive manner that requires further investigation.

关键词： Glycolysis oxidative phosphorylation energy metabolism volumetric muscle loss

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