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Mining Rehabilitation in New South Wales （Australia） and Germany

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journal of Earth Science and Engineering 2015年第8期5卷 499-511页

作者： Lisa j. K. Zillig Naomi Keenan tim Roberts University of Duisburg-Essen Essen 45141 Germany Tom Farrell Institute for the Environment the University of Newcastle Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia

The rehabilitation of coal mines is an up-to-date issue, heavily discussed not only by the industry but also by scientists and the adjacent communities since open cut coal mining has extensive impacts affecting all parties. Whereas, before and during the mining process not only nature but sometimes also the population of a whole region has to give way to a mine, the consequences of the operations remain long after mining closure. Typically a once intact and functioning ecosystem is replaced with a destroyed wideness evocative of a moon landscape. Fortunately, the awareness of the need to rehabilitate the destroyed nature is increasing steadily and all involved parties are making efforts to improve the situation, even if it is a major challenge to bring all parties to a consensus. Therefore, a legislative basis is required and the know-how of optimal rehabilitation solutions must be developed. In this article the rehabilitation of mined land in Australia and Germany are compared. More precisely the article will present an overview of the legislative regulations, certain applied methods of rehabilitation work and the problems that are likely to occur in respect to the influence of mining on nature.

关键词： Mining rehabilitation mining Australia mining Germany mine closure legislation mining rehabilitation.

Nutrient cycling and greenhouse gas emissions from soil amended with biochar-manure mixtures

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Pedosphere 2021年第2期31卷 289-302页

作者： Carlos M.ROMERO Chunli LI jen OWENS Gabriel O.RIBEIRO tim A.MCALLISTER Erasmus OKINE Xiying HAO Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Lethbridge Research and Development CentreLethbridgeAlberta T1J 4B1(Canada) Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Arts&SciencesUniversity of LethbridgeLethbridgeAlberta T1K 3M4(Canada) Department of Animal and Poultry Science University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewan S7N 5A8(Canada)

Integrating biochar into cattle diets has recently emerged as a potential management practice for improving on-farm ***,information concerning the cycling of biochar-manure mixtures is scarce.A 70-d incubation experiment was conducted within two surface(0–15 cm)Mollisols with contrasting textures,i.e.,sandy clay loam(Raymond)and clayey(Lethbridge),to evaluate the effects of biochar(3 Mg ha^(-1))on cumulative greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions and related fertility attributes in the presence or absence of cattle manure(120 Mg ha^(-1)).Five treatments were included:i)non-amended soil(control,CK),ii)soil amended with pinewood biochar(B),iii)soil amended with beef cattle manure(M)(manure from cattle on a control diet),iv)soil amended with biochar-manure(BM)(manure from cattle on a control diet,with pinewood biochar added at 20 g kg^(-1)of diet dry matter),and v)soil amended with B and M at the aforementioned rates(B+M).A total of 40 soil columns were prepared and incubated at 21℃and 60%–80%water-holding *** average,total CO_(2)fluxes increased by 2.2-and 3.8-fold under manure treatments(i.e.,M,BM,and B+M),within Raymond and Lethbridge soils,respectively,relative to CK and ***,total CH4 fluxes were the highest(P<0.05)in Raymond soil under B+M and BM relative to CK and B,and in Lethbridge soil under M and BM relative to CK and *** Lethbridge soil,application of BM increased cumulative N_(2)O emissions by 1.8-fold relative to *** 70-d incubation,amendment with BM increased(P<0.05)PO_4-P and NO_3-N+NH_4-N availability in Raymond and Lethbridge soils compared with B.A similar pattern was observed for water-extractable organic carbon in both soils,with BM augmenting(P<0.05)the occurrence of labile carbon over CK and *** can be concluded that biochar,manure,and/or biochar-manure have contrasting short-term effects on the biogeochemistry of *** relatively low application rates,biochar does not necessarily counterbalance manure-derived inpu

关键词： animal husbandry black carbon carbon dioxide methane Orthic Black Chernozem soil fertility

SARS-CoV-2 inhibition and specific targeting of infected cells by VSV particles carrying the ACE2 receptor

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第6期8卷 2463-2466页

作者： Fabian Zech Stefanie Weber Hanna Dietenberger Linyun Zhang Sabrina Noettger Meta Volcic tim Bergner Clarissa Read Konstantin M.j.Sparrer Thomas F.E.Barth Frank Kirchhoff Institute of Molecular Virology Ulm University Medical CenterUlmGermany Institute of Pathology Ulm UniversityUlmGermany Central Facility for Electron Microscopy Ulm UniversityUlmGermany

Dear Editor Effective vaccines and some antiviral agents against SARS-CoV-2,the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),have been ***,additional therapeutics are needed since emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants evade immunity induced by vaccination or previous infection and are resistant to therapeutic antibodies and fusion inhibitors.^(1)In addition,many patients experience prolonged post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2.

关键词： ACE2 immunity acute

Slow Growing Pre-Weaning Piglets Have Altered Adipokine Gene Expression

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Open journal of Animal Sciences 2014年第4期4卷 187-195页

作者： tim G. Ramsay M. j. Stoll T. j. Caperna Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory Beltsville Agricultural Research Center USDA/ARS Beltsville USA

Growth rate affects adipose tissue development and variations in growth rate may potentially impact adipokine expression. Samples of subcutaneous (SQ) and perirenal (PR) adipose tissues and longissimus muscle were collected at day 21 of age from the fastest and slowest growing piglets within seven litters. Reverse transcription and real-time PCR were used to quantify adipokine mRNA abundance. Leptin, adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα ) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) mRNA abundance were lower in SQ from slow growing piglets (SGP) than in fast growing piglets (FGP, P α gene expression were reduced in PR from SGP in comparison to FGP (P β (IL1β), IL15 and LPL were increased in the longissimus of SGP relative to FGP (P < 0.05). Analysis of mRNA abundance for these adipokines within adipose tissue at day 21 of age demonstrated that the effect of growth rate on adipokine expression varies among different adipokines and the internal and external sites of adipose tissue deposition (PR versus SQ). The increase in longissimus expression of LPL and IL15 suggests that nutrient partitioning for energy use may be greater in the skeletal muscle of the SGP.

关键词： Adipose Tissue Adipokines Neonate Growth Rate

Effects of inclusion of purple prairie clover (Dalea purpurea Vent.)with native coolseason grasses on in vitro fermentation and in situ digestibility of mixed forages

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第2期11卷 563-576页

作者： Kai Peng Gemma L.Gresham tim A.McAllister Zhongjun Xu Alan Iwaasa Mike Schellenberg Alex V.Chaves Yuxi Wang Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science(South China)of Ministry of Agriculture Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and NutritionInstitute of Animal ScienceGuangdong Academy of Agricultural ScienceGuangzhou 510640People’s Republic of China Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Lethbridge Research and Development CentreLethbridgeAB T1J 4B1Canada School of Life and Environmental Sciences The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Swift Current Research and Development CentreSwift CurrentSK S9H 3X2Canada

Background:Incorporation of legume species into native North American pastures is considered an effective method to increase native pasture productivity and improve the nutritive value of *** study evaluated the effects of inclusion of purple prairie clover(PPC,Dalea purpurea Vent.),a native legume forage,with native coolseason grasses on the in vitro fermentation and in situ digestibility of mixed ***:Whole plant PPC and mixtures of cool-season grasses were harvested when the PPC reached the vegetative(VEG),full flower(FL)and seedpod(SP)stages,and were combined in ratios(DM basis)of 0:100,25:75,50:50,75:25 and 100:0 at each *** vitro ruminal incubations using these mixtures were conducted for 48 h to determine gas production(GP),in vitro DM disappearance(IVDMD),total volatile fatty acids(VFA)and ammonia-N *** of forages harvested when the PPC reached the FL stage and 50:50 mixture of forages harvested at VEG,FL and SP stages were incubated in the rumen of three heifers for 0,2,6,12,24,48,72 and 96 h to determine in situ degradabilities of DM,neutral detergent fibre(aNDF)and crude protein(CP).Results:Contents of aNDF and ADF increased(PVEG>SP(P<0.05).Regardless of PPC proportions in the mixture,GP decreased(P<0.05)with increasing PPC *** PPC proportions linearly increased(P<0.001)GP,IVDMD and total VFA at VEG,but linearly decreased(P<0.001)them at *** of PPC maturity,ammonia-N production linearly increased(P<0.01)with increasing proportions of PPC and the concentration was higher(P<0.05)at VEG than at FL and SP *** proportion of PPC at either maturity linearly increased(P<0.001)molar percentage of acetate(A)and branched-chain VFA,but linearly decreased(P<0.001)molar percentage of propionate(P),resulting in a linearly increase(P<0.001)in the A:P *** FL PP

关键词： Condensed tannins Cool-season grass In vitro fermentation In situ digestibility Purple prairie clover

MjO与北半球高纬地区冬季地表气温异常的联系

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气象 2021年第1期47卷 49-59页

作者：崔静杨双艳 LI tim 南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室/气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心南京210044 夏威夷大学国际太平洋研究中心美国夏威夷

基于1979—2016年NCEP-NCAR逐日再分析资料研究了热带季节内振荡(MjO)和北半球冬季高纬地区地表气温(SAT)之间的联系。利用实时多变量MjO(RMM)指数,将MjO分为8个位相,其中位相2(位相6)对应于位于印度洋地区的正(负)对流。不同MjO位相下... 详细信息

基于1979—2016年NCEP-NCAR逐日再分析资料研究了热带季节内振荡(MjO)和北半球冬季高纬地区地表气温(SAT)之间的联系。利用实时多变量MjO(RMM)指数,将MjO分为8个位相,其中位相2(位相6)对应于位于印度洋地区的正(负)对流。不同MjO位相下的SAT合成结果显示MjO第二位相后的5~15 d,北半球高纬地区(60°~90°N、180°~60°W)有明显的负SAT异常;由于热带异常加热信号的改变,在MjO第六位相后的5~15 d该地区则对应于显著的正SAT异常。该地区温度的垂直结构在各个位相下也表现出类似的分布特征。合成的500 hPa位势高度异常场显示,在温度负(正)异常的位相对应有明显的位势高度负(正)异常,这种环流异常主要是由与热带对流异常相联系的向东北方向传播的罗斯贝波列所引起的。通过对波活动通量的计算,推断该东北方向传播的罗斯贝波列很可能是罗斯贝波能量频散的结果。合成的700 hPa比湿异常场和SAT之间在存在着较好的对应关系,考虑到对流层中层的比湿与向下长波辐射之间存在着正相关关系,说明该温度异常也可能与辐射过程相关。上述分析表明与MjO对流相关的大尺度环流异常对高纬地区季节内SAT变率有重要影响,该异常SAT信号可能来自平流输送和辐射过程等。准确把握MjO位相与SAT异常信号的联系也可以为北半球高纬地区SAT的延伸期预报提供一些可靠线索。

关键词： MjO 地表气温罗斯贝波列波活动通量

Assessing the Suitability of the WorldClim Dataset for Ecological Studies in Southern Kenya

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journal of Geographic Information System 2018年第6期10卷 643-658页

作者： tim j. L. Wango Douglas Musiega Charles N. Mundia Department of Geomatic Engineering & Geospatial Information Systems Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Juja Kenya Department of Geomatics and Geospatial Information Systems Dedan Kimathi University Nyeri Kenya

There have been numerous efforts to generate freely available climatic datasets for use in species distribution models, the most popular being the global climatic dataset known as WorldClim. The availability of such datasets is invaluable to scientists as many studies are performed in remote areas where no weather stations are found. However, many users do not critically assess the suitability of these datasets for their applications, and errors associated with global datasets are often assumed to be negligible. Understanding what a climate dataset can or cannot deliver requires the user to have a working knowledge of what the basic spatial climate-forcing factors are at the scale of his/her study, and to have a good understanding of the uncertainty in the dataset. In geographic studies, uncertainty is often described by the degree of error (uncertainty), or degree of accuracy (certainty) in data, and thematic uncertainty refers to the uncertainty in measures made for each variable, whereas temporal uncertainty refers to the uncertainty in time period represented by each variable. Here, we used climatic data from weather stations to investigate the climate-forcing factors in southern Kenya, and then used this weather station data to investigate the uncertainty in the WorldClim dataset. Results indicated that the nineteen core Worldclim variables, known as bioclimatic variables, accurately depicted the local variations in climate in the study area. However, whereas the monthly and seasonal temperature variables represented the same time period in different locations, the same was not true for the monthly and seasonal precipitation variables. The onset of rains is a key biological indicator, and scientists studying phenomena tied to the onset of rains need to keep in mind the temporal variations represented in the WorldClim dataset.

关键词： WorldClim Bioclimatic Variables Thematic Uncertainty Temporal Uncertainty

Identification of common and distinct origins of human serum and breastmilk IgA1 by mass spectrometry-based clonal profiling

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第1期20卷 26-37页

作者： Kelly A.Dingess Max Hoek Danique M.Hvan Rijswijk Sem Tamara Maurits Aden Boer tim Veth Mirjam j.A.Damen Arjan Barendregt Michelle Romijn Hannah G.juncker Britt jvan Keulen Gestur Vidarsson johannes Bvan Goudoever Albert Bondt Albert j.R.Heck Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of UtrechtPadualaan 8Utrecht 3584 CHThe Netherlands Netherlands Proteomics Center Padualaan 8Utrecht 3584 CHThe Netherlands Amsterdam UMC Vrije UniversiteitUniversity of AmsterdamEmma Children’s HospitalAmsterdam Reproduction&Development Research InstituteDepartment of PediatricsAmsterdamthe Netherlands Department of Experimental Immunohematology Sanquin Research and Landsteiner LaboratoryAmsterdam UMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands

The most abundant immunoglobulin present in the human body is IgA. It has the highest concentrations at the mucosal lining and in biofluids such as milk and is the second most abundant class of antibodies in serum. We assessed the structural diversity and clonal repertoire of IgA1-containing molecular assemblies longitudinally in human serum and milk from three donors using a mass spectrometry-based approach. IgA-containing molecules purified from serum or milk were assessed by the release and subsequent analysis of their Fab fragments. Our data revealed that serum IgA1 consists of two distinct structural populations, namely monomeric IgA1 (∼80%) and dimeric joining (j-) chain coupled IgA1 (∼20%). Also, we confirmed that IgA1 in milk is present solely as secretory (S)IgA, consisting of two (∼50%), three (∼33%) or four (∼17%) IgA1 molecules assembled with a j-chain and secretory component (SC). Interestingly, the serum and milk IgA1-Fab repertoires were distinct between monomeric, and j-chain coupled dimeric IgA1. The serum dimeric j-chain coupled IgA1 repertoire contained several abundant clones also observed in the milk IgA1 repertoire. The latter repertoire had little to no overlap with the serum monomeric IgA1 repertoire. This suggests that human IgA1s have (at least) two distinct origins;one of these produces dimeric j-chain coupled IgA1 molecules, shared in human serum and milk, and another produces monomeric IgA1 ending up exclusively in serum.

关键词： Antigen binding fragment Immunoglobulin A1 Clonal repertoires human milk Serum

Solaris 学习指南 Sun certified system administrator for solaris 9.0 影印

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