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Structural analysis of a nanoparticle containing a lipid bilayer used for detergent-free extraction of membrane proteins

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Nano Research 2015年第3期8卷 774-789页

作者： Mohammed Jamshad Vinciane Grimard Ilaria Idini tim J. Knowles Miriam R. Dowle Naomi Schofield Pooja Sridhart Yupin Lin Rachael Finka Mark Wheatley Owen R. T. Thomas Richard e. Palmerr Michael Overduin Cedric Govaerts Jean-Marie Ruysschaert Karen J. edler tim R. Dafforn School of Biosciences University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B 15 2TT UK Universite Libre de Bruxelles SFMB - CP206/2 Bd. du Triomphe Acces 2 1050 Bruxelles Belgium department of Chemistry University of Bath Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK School of Cancer Studies University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B 15 2 TT UK Nanoscale Physics Research Laboratory and PSIBS School of Physics and Astronomy University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B 15 2TT UK School of Chemical engineering University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B 15 2TT UK

In the past few years there has been a growth in the use of nanoparticles for stabilizing lipid membranes that contain embedded proteins. These bionanoparticles provide a solution to the challenging problem of membrane protein isolation by maintaining a lipid bilayer essential to protein integrity and activity. We have previously described the use of an amphipathic polymer （poly（styrene-co-maleic add）, SMA） to produce discoidal nanoparticles with a lipid bilayer core containing the embedded protein. However the structure of the nanoparticle itself has not yet been determined. This leaves a major gap in understanding how the SMA stabilizes the encapsulated bilayer and how the bilayer relates physically and structurally to an unencapsulated lipid bilayer. In this paper we address this issue by describing the structure of the SMA lipid particle （SMALP） using data from small angle neutron scattering （SANS）, electron microscopy （eM）, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （ATR-FTIR）, differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy （NMR）. We show that the particle is disc shaped containing a polymer ＂bracelet＂ encircling the lipid bilayer. The structure and orientation of the individual components within the bilayer and polymer are determined showing that styrene moieties within SMA intercalate between the lipid acyl chains. The dimensions of the encapsulated bilayer are also determined and match those measured for a natural membrane. Taken together, the description of the structure of the SMALP forms the foundation for future development and applications of SMALPs in membrane protein production and analysis.

关键词： nanoparticles lipid polymer membrane proteins structure detergent

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基于分布式大流域径流模型的中国西北黑河流域水文模拟(英文)

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冰川冻土 2009年第3期31卷 410-421页

作者：贺缠生 Carlo deMarchi Thomas e. Croley 冯起 tim Hunter 西密执根大学地理系 KalamazooMichigan 49008-5424美国凯斯西储大学地质科学系 ClevelandOhio 44106-7216美国美国国家大气海洋局北美五大湖环境研究实验室 Ann ArborMichigan 48105-2945美国中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所中国甘肃兰州730000

水资源短缺是中国西北干旱地区长期的问题,区域人口增加、城市化扩张,加之气候变化的影响进一步加剧了西北地区水资源短缺,也使生活用水、灌溉用水、工业用水和维持生态系统稳定的用水危险加剧.采用分布式大流域径流模型(DLBRM)模拟黑... 详细信息

水资源短缺是中国西北干旱地区长期的问题,区域人口增加、城市化扩张,加之气候变化的影响进一步加剧了西北地区水资源短缺,也使生活用水、灌溉用水、工业用水和维持生态系统稳定的用水危险加剧.采用分布式大流域径流模型(DLBRM)模拟黑河流域水文(中国第二大内陆河,流域面积128 000 km2)来理解区域的冰川和积雪融化水、地下水、地表水、蒸散发等方面的分布,评估气候变化对水文的影响和冰川退缩对中游和下游来水量的影响.模拟结果表明,黑河流域的大部分产流那源于黑河上游地区的祁连山.模拟1990—2000年黑河河流日流量变化结果认为,黑河中游正义峡给下游的供水为10×108m3,其中地表径流占51%,层间流占49%.中游地区沙土具有较高的蒸腾发能力,近一半的地表水被蒸发掉.模拟实践证明,分布式大流域径流模型可以结合气候变化、水资源管理方面的成果,改进流域水文模拟的精度.

关键词：分布式大流域径流模型中国西北地区流域水短缺气候变化

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SARS-CoV-2 inhibition and specific targeting of infected cells by VSV particles carrying the ACe2 receptor

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第6期8卷 2463-2466页

作者： Fabian Zech Stefanie Weber Hanna Dietenberger Linyun Zhang Sabrina Noettger Meta Volcic tim Bergner Clarissa Read Konstantin M.J.Sparrer Thomas F.e.Barth Frank Kirchhoff Institute of Molecular Virology Ulm University Medical CenterUlmGermany Institute of Pathology Ulm UniversityUlmGermany Central Facility for electron Microscopy Ulm UniversityUlmGermany

dear editor effective vaccines and some antiviral agents against SARS-CoV-2,the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),have been ***,additional therapeutics are needed since emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants evade immunity induced by vaccination or previous infection and are resistant to therapeutic antibodies and fusion inhibitors.^(1)In addition,many patients experience prolonged post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2.

关键词： ACe2 immunity acute

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Record-Setting Ocean Warmth Continued in 2019

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2020年第2期37卷 137-142页

作者： Lijing CHeNG John ABRAHAM Jiang ZHU Kevin eTReNBeRTH John FASULLO tim BOYeR Ricardo LOCARNINI Bin ZHANG Fujiang YU Liying WAN Xingrong CHeN Xiangzhou SONG Yulong LIU Michael eMANN International Center for Climate and environment Sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China University of St.Thomas School of EngineeringMinnesota 55105USA National Center for Atmospheric Research BoulderColorado 80307USA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Centers for Environmental InformationSilver SpringMaryland 20910USA Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China National Marine environmental Forecasting Center Ministry of Natural Resources of ChinaBeijing 100081China College of Oceanography Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China National Marine Data and Information Service Tianjin 300171China department of Meteorology&Atmospheric Science The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvania 16802USA State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean environment Dynamics Second Institute of OceanographyHangzhou 310012China

Human-emitted greenhouse gases(GHGs)have resulted in a long-term and unequivocal warming of the planet(IPCC,2019).More than 90%of the excess heat is stored within the world's oceans,where it accumulates and causes inc... 详细信息

关键词： greenhouse warming ocean

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钻孔摄像技术的发展与现状

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岩石力学与工程学报 2005年第19期24卷 3440-3448页

作者：王川婴 LAWK tim 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所湖北武汉430071 Carleton University OttawaK1S 5B6

基于光学技术的钻孔摄像设备能以照相胶片或视频图像的方式直接提供钻孔孔壁的图像。全景技术的实现使同时观测360°钻孔孔壁成为可能,而数字技术的应用则提供了形成、显示和处理这些图像的能力。所有的图像不仅可用于定性地识别钻孔内... 详细信息

基于光学技术的钻孔摄像设备能以照相胶片或视频图像的方式直接提供钻孔孔壁的图像。全景技术的实现使同时观测360°钻孔孔壁成为可能,而数字技术的应用则提供了形成、显示和处理这些图像的能力。所有的图像不仅可用于定性地识别钻孔内的情况,而且还可准确地获得相关的数据并进一步从事定量分析。钻孔摄像技术具有广阔的应用,主要包括岩土工程、工程地质、土木工程、石油工业、采矿工程、冰川研究等诸多方面。据此,全面地回顾了钻孔摄像技术的发展历史和当前的现状,描述了在各个阶段出现的设备技术特征,对数字光学成像系统的原理、光源设计、图像处理和精度进行了对比,给出了以单环技术和图幅技术为定义的数字光学成像系统,最后讨论了钻孔摄像技术将来的发展方向。

关键词：钻孔摄像地质勘探数字式光学成像全景图像石油勘探

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Nutrient cycling and greenhouse gas emissions from soil amended with biochar-manure mixtures

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Pedosphere 2021年第2期31卷 289-302页

作者： Carlos M.ROMeRO Chunli LI Jen OWeNS Gabriel O.RIBeIRO tim A.MCALLISTeR erasmus OKINe Xiying HAO Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Lethbridge Research and Development CentreLethbridgeAlberta T1J 4B1(Canada) department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Arts&SciencesUniversity of LethbridgeLethbridgeAlberta T1K 3M4(Canada) department of Animal and Poultry Science University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewan S7N 5A8(Canada)

Integrating biochar into cattle diets has recently emerged as a potential management practice for improving on-farm ***,information concerning the cycling of biochar-manure mixtures is scarce.A 70-d incubation experiment was conducted within two surface(0–15 cm)Mollisols with contrasting textures,i.e.,sandy clay loam(Raymond)and clayey(Lethbridge),to evaluate the effects of biochar(3 Mg ha^(-1))on cumulative greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions and related fertility attributes in the presence or absence of cattle manure(120 Mg ha^(-1)).Five treatments were included:i)non-amended soil(control,CK),ii)soil amended with pinewood biochar(B),iii)soil amended with beef cattle manure(M)(manure from cattle on a control diet),iv)soil amended with biochar-manure(BM)(manure from cattle on a control diet,with pinewood biochar added at 20 g kg^(-1)of diet dry matter),and v)soil amended with B and M at the aforementioned rates(B+M).A total of 40 soil columns were prepared and incubated at 21℃and 60%–80%water-holding *** average,total CO_(2)fluxes increased by 2.2-and 3.8-fold under manure treatments(i.e.,M,BM,and B+M),within Raymond and Lethbridge soils,respectively,relative to CK and ***,total CH4 fluxes were the highest(Pder B+M and BM relative to CK and B,and in Lethbridge soil under M and BM relative to CK and *** Lethbridge soil,application of BM increased cumulative N_(2)O emissions by 1.8-fold relative to *** 70-d incubation,amendment with BM increased(Pethbridge soils compared with B.A similar pattern was observed for water-extractable organic carbon in both soils,with BM augmenting(Pe occurrence of labile carbon over CK and *** can be concluded that biochar,manure,and/or biochar-manure have contrasting short-term effects on the biogeochemistry of *** relatively low application rates,biochar does not necessarily counterbalance manure-derived inpu

关键词： animal husbandry black carbon carbon dioxide methane Orthic Black Chernozem soil fertility

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Microglia modulate neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases

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四川生理科学杂志 2021年第1期43卷 109-109页

作者： tim Bartels UK dementia Research Institute Institute of Neurology University College London London WC1E 6BT UK.

dementia is a rapidly rising global health crisis that silently disables families and ends lives and livelihoods around the *** date,however,no early biomarkers or effective therapies *** is now clear that brain microglia are more than mere bystanders or amyloid phagocytes;they can act as governors of neuronal function and homeostasis in the adult ***,we highlight the fundamental role of microglia as tissue-resident macrophages in neuronal ***,we suggest how chronic impairment in microglia-neuron cross-talk may secure the permanence of the failure of synaptic and neuronal function and health in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's *** how to assess and modulate microglia-neuron interactions critical for brain health will be key to developing effective therapies for dementia.

关键词： Alzheimer homeostasis diseases

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Interannual Variation of Multiple Tropical Cyclone events in the Western North Pacific

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2012年第6期29卷 1279-1291页

作者：高建芸李天明 Fujian Climate Center China Meteorological Administration International Pacific Research Center and department of Meteorology University of Hawaii

The interannual variability of occurrence of multiple tropical cyclone （MTC） events during June-October in the western North Pacific （WNP） was examined for the period 1979-2006. The number of the MTC events ranged from 2 to 9 per year, exhibiting a remarkable year-to-year variation. Seven active and seven inactive MTC years were identified. Compared to the inactive years, tropical cyclone genesis locations extended farther to the east and in the meridional direction during the active MTC years. A composite analysis shows that inactive MTC years were often associated with the e1 Nifio decaying phase, as warm SST anomalies in the equatorial eastern-central Pacific in the preceding winter transitioned into cold sea surface temperature （SST） anomalies in the concurrent summer. Associated with the SST evolution were suppressed low-level cyclonic vorticity and weakened convection in the WNP monsoon region. In addition to the mean flow difference~ significant differences between active and inactive MTC years were also found in the strength of the atmospheric intraseasonal oscillation （ISO）. Compared with inactive MTC years, ISO activity was much stronger along the equator and in the WNP region during active MTC years. Both westwardand northward-propagating ISO spectrums strengthened during active MTC years compared to inactive years. The combined mean state and ISO activity changes may set up a favorable environment for the generation of MTC events.

关键词： multiple tropical cyclone events interannual variation

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Comparisons of the Paleo-Mesoproterozoic large igneous provinces and black shales in the North China and North Australian cratons

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Fundamental Research 2022年第1期2卷 84-100页

作者： Shuan-Hong Zhang Richard e.ernst tim J.Munson Junling Pei Guohui Hu Jian-Min Liu Qi-Qi Zhang Yu-Hang Cai Yue Zhao Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesMNR Key Laboratory of Paleomagnetism and Tectonic ReconstructionBeijing 100081China department of earth Sciences Carleton UniversityOttawaOntario K1S 5B6Canada Faculty of Geology and Geography Tomsk State UniversityTomsk 634050Russia Northern Territory Geological Survey Northern Territory Department of IndustryTourism and TradeDarwinNT 0800Australia

Comparisons of large igneous provinces(UPs)and black shales from different cratons can provide important constraints on Precambrian paleogeographic reconstructions and a better understanding of the environmental effects of large-scale volcanic events.A comparison of intraplate mafic events mostly interpreted as LIPs or portions of LIPs(LIP fragments/remnants due to continental breakup or erosion)from the North China Craton(NCC)and North Australian Craton(NAC)shows good correlation in the age range from 1800 Ma to 1300 Ma,and four robust age matches at ca.1790-1770 Ma,ca.1730 Ma,ca.1680-1670 Ma and ca.1320 Ma have been *** notably,the coeval ca.1320 Ma Yanliao LIP in the eastern-northern NCC and the derim derim-Galiwinku LIP in the NAC are also characterized by similar field occurences and dominantly subalkaline tholeiitic basalts and intraplate geochemical compositions,and are interpreted as portions of the same LIP,separated by continental *** to 1300 Ma,the NCC and NAC exhibit very different magmatic histories,indicating that separation of these two cratons occurred,likely subsequent to the ca.1320 Ma LIP event.A comparison of Paleo-Mesoproterozoic black shales from the NCC and NAC provides further evidence for close connections between these regions during this *** shales of the Chuanlianggou Formation in the northern NCC and the Cuizhuang Formation in the southern NCC were deposited in the age range ca.1650-1635 Ma and can be correlated with ca.1640-1635 Ma black shales in the Barney Creek Formation of the *** of black shales within the Xiamaling Formation in the NCC and the Velkerri and Kyalla formations of the McArthur Basin in the NAC occurred synchronously at ca.1380-1360 *** results from matching of LIP ages and black shales combined with paleomagnetic data show that the northern-northeastern margin of the NCC was connected to the northern margin of the NAC from ca.1800 Ma to 1300 *** long-lived late Pal

关键词： Large igneous province(LIP) Mafic magmatism Black shale Paleogeographic reconstruction Nuna(Columbia)supercontinent North Australian Craton(NAC) North China Craton(NCC)

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detecting and Classifying Low Probability of Intercept Radar 2nd ed

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丛书名： Artech House radar library

2009年

作者： tim Newton

ISBN: (纸本)9781596932340

Part I: FUNDAMeNTALS OF LPI RADAR deSIGN -- To see and not be seen -- LPI technology and applications -- Ambiguity analysis of LPI waveforms -- FMCW radar -- Phase shift keying techniques -- Frequency shift keying techniques -- Noise techniques -- Over-the-horizon radar -- Case study: Antiship LPI missile seeker -- Network-centric warfare and netted LPI radar systems --

关键词： Radar Low probability of intercept radar Signal detection

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