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Immune suppression in chronic hepatitis B infection associated liver disease: A review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第27期25卷 3527-3537页

作者： tian-yang li yang yang Guo Zhou Zheng-Kun Tu Infectious Disease Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510000Guangdong ProvinceChina Institute of liver diseases the First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130061Jilin ProvinceChina

Hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection is one the leading risk factors for chronic hepatitis, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer(HCC), which are a major global health problem. A large number of clinical studies have shown that chronic HBV persistent infection causes the dysfunction of innate and adaptive immune response involving monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer(NK) cells, T cells. Among these immune cells, cell subsets with suppressive features have been recognized such as myeloid derived suppressive cells(MDSC),NK-reg, T-reg, which represent a critical regulatory system during liver fibrogenesis or tumourigenesis. However, the mechanisms that link HBVinduced immune dysfunction and HBV-related liver diseases are not *** this review we summarize the recent studies on innate and adaptive immune cell dysfunction in chronic HBV infection, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and HCC, and further discuss the potential mechanism of HBV-induced immunosuppressive cascade in HBV infection and consequences. It is hoped that this article will help ongoing research about the pathogenesis of HBV-related hepatic fibrosis and HBV-related HCC.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Hepatocellular carcinoma liver fibrosis Regulatory T cells Regulatory natural killer cells Dendritic cells Monocytes

EFFECT OF GLYCOSYLATION AT ASN302 OF PRO-UROKINASE ON ITS STABIliTY IN CULTURE SUPERNATANT

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Chinese Medical Sciences Journal 2006年第2期21卷 128-130页

作者： Bo yang tian-de li Department of Cardiology General Hospital of Chinese People＇s Liberation Army Beijing 100853

Objective To investigate the effect of glycosylation at Asn302 of pro-urokinase （pro-UK） on the stability in culture supematant. Methods Nonglycosylated pro-UK was constructed by site-directed mutagenesis of Asn302 to Ala302. The pro-UK mutant and native pro-UK were transfected into dhfr-CHO cells, and serum-free culture supematant was harvested and incubated at 4℃ and 37℃, respectively. The pro-UK activity in culture supematant was measured by the optical density （OD） increase with time （ 12 hours） at 405 nm. Without thermolysin activation, the percentage of single chain pro-UK was measured. Rcsults After 48 hours of incubation at 4℃, the activities of pro-UK mutant and native pro-UK decreased 3.7% and 2.9% respectively, and at 37℃ decreased 37.9% and 23.5%, respectively. The total activity of native pro-UK was significantly higher than that of nonglycosylated mutant at 37℃. The single-chain percentage of native pro-UK was higher than that of nonglycosylated mutant at both 4℃ and 37℃. Conclusion Higher temperature increases the proteolysis of pro-UK. The glycosylation site on Asn302 is beneficial to pro-UK stability in culture supematant.

关键词： stability pro-urokinase glycosylation

A PEER-TO-PEER INCENTIVE SCHEME FOR OVERCOMING FREE RIDING

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Journal of Electronics(China) 2010年第1期27卷 60-67页

作者： tian Junfeng yang lidan li Juan tian Rui Network Technology Institute Mathematics and Computer College Hebei University Baoding 071002 China

Free riding has a great influence on the expandability,robustness and availability of Peer-to-Peer(P2P) *** free riding has become a hot research issue both in academic and industrial *** incentive scheme is proposed to overcoming free riding in P2P network in this *** to the behavior and function of nodes,the P2P network is abstracted to be a Distributed and Monitoring-based Hierarchical Structure Mechanism(DMHSM) model.A utility function based on several influencing factors is defined to determine the contribution of peers to the whole *** paper also introduces reputation and permit mechanism into the scheme to guarantee the Quality of Service(QoS) and to reward or punish peers in the ***,the simulation results verify the effectiveness and feasibility of this model.

关键词： Peer-to-Peer(P2P) network Free riding Incentive mechanism Reputation Utility function

A 658-W VCSEL-pumped rod laser module with52.6% optical efficiency

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第8期31卷 149-153页

作者： Xue-Peng li Jing yang Meng-Shuo Zhang tian-li yang Xiao-Jun Wang Qin-Jun Peng Key Laboratory of Solid State Laser Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal and Laser Technology Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Institute of Optical Physics and Engineering Technology Qilu ZhongkeJinan 250000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190China

A high-efficiency and high-power vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser(VCSEL) side-pumped rod Nd:YAG laser with temperature adaptability are demonstrated. The VCSEL side-pumped laser module is designed and optimized. Five VCSEL arrays are symmetrically located around the laser rod and a large size diffused reflection chamber is designed to ensure a uniform pump distribution. Furthermore, the absorbed pump power distribution of the rod is simulated to verify the uniformity of the pump absorption. Finally, a proof-of-principle experiment is performed in short linear cavity laser with single laser module. A continuous-wave output power of 658 W at 1064 nm is obtained, the corresponding optical-to-optical efficiency is 52.6%, and the power variations are ±0.7% over 400 s and ±3.1% over the temperature range from 16 ℃ to 26 ℃. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest output power and the highest optical-to-optical efficiency ever reported for VCSEL pumped solid-state lasers. By inserting a telescopic module into the cavity and optimizing the TEM_(00) mode volume, the average beam quality is measured to be M~2= 1.34 under an output power of 102 W. The experimental results reveal that such a high power rod laser module with temperature stability is appropriate for field applications.

关键词： rod laser VCSEL-pumped high-efficiency temperature adaptability

Genomic and phenotypic signatures provide insights into the wide adaptation of a global plant invader

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Plant Communications 2024年第4期5卷 275-290页

作者： Yan Hao Xin-Feng Wang Yaolin Guo tian-yang li Ji yang Malika LAinouche Armel Salmon Rui-Ting Ju Ji-Hua Wu lin-Feng li Bo li National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the yangtze Estuary and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-ChongmingSchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant ResourcesSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China UMR CNRS 6553 Universite´of RennesCampus de Beaulieu35042 Rennes Cedex ParisFrance State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems College of EcologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology and Centre for Invasion BiologyInstitute of BiodiversitySchool of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan UniversityKunmingYunnan 650504China

Invasive alien species are primary drivers of biodiversity loss and species *** cordgrass(Spartina alterniflora)is one of the most aggressive invasive plants in coastal ecosystems around the ***,the genomic bases and evolutionary mechanisms underlying its invasion success have remained largely ***,we assembled a chromosome-level reference genome and performed phenotypic and population genomic analyses between native US and introduced Chinese *** phenotypic comparisons showed that introduced Chinese populations have evolved competitive traits,such as earlyflowering time and greater plant biomass,during secondary introductions along China’s *** genomic and transcriptomic inferences revealed distinct evolutionary trajectories of low-and high-latitude Chinese *** particular,genetic mixture among different source populations,together with in-dependent natural selection acting on distinct target genes,may have resulted in high genome dynamics of the introduced Chinese *** study provides novel phenotypic and genomic evidence showing how smooth cordgrass rapidly adapts to variable environmental conditions in its introduced ***,candidate genes related toflowering time,fast growth,and stress tolerance(i.e.,salinity and submergence)provide valuable genetic resources for future improvement of cereal crops.

关键词： adaptation natural selection invasive species population genomics Spartina alterniflora

The Role of Immune Cells in Chronic HBV Infection

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2015年第4期3卷 277-283页

作者： Hai-Jun li Nai-Cui Zhai Hong-Xiao Song yang yang An Cui tian-yang li Zheng-Kun Tu Department of Translational Medicine The First HospitalJilin UniversityChangchunJilinChina

Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is a major cause of chronic liver diseases that may progress to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular *** immune responses are important factors that determine whether HBV infection is cleared or *** infection,viral replication occurs inside hepatocytes,and the secretion of infectious virions can take place at high rates for ***,HBV DNA and viral proteins,like HBV early antigen(HBeAg)and HBV surface antigen(HBsAg),can be easily detected in *** infection with HBV is the result of an ineffective antiviral immune response towards the *** this review,we discuss the role of immune cells in chronic HBV infection.

关键词： Immune cells Natural killer cells CD8+T cells Hepatitis B virus

Research and application of CO_2 refrigeration and heat pump cycle

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2009年第6期52卷 1563-1575页

作者： tian Hua,yang Zhao,li MinXia & MA YiTai Thermal Energy Research Institute,tianjin University,tianjin 300072,China Thermal Energy Research Institute Tianjin University Tianjin China

The environmental problem caused by refrigerant has become the focus all over the *** the most typical natural refrigerant,CO2,of course,becomes the research *** paper introduces the development and application status of CO2 refrigeration and heat pump *** researches on CO2 refrigeration and heat pump,carried out by Thermal Energy Research Institute,tianjin University,also are presented in this paper.

关键词： environmental problem natural refrigerant CO2 refrigeration heat pump

Distribution and mapping of temperate savanna in the sandy lands of eastern China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 128-141页

作者： Xiaoya li Feng WANG Tao DUAN Kaijie yang Bin yang Chunmei WANG Xin tian Qi LU Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration Institute of Desertification Studies Chinese Academy of Forestry Institute of Desertification Institute of Desertification Studies Chinese Academy of Forestry Institute of Great Green Wall Satellite Application Centre for Ecology and Environment MEE Institute of Microelectronics Chinese Academy of Sciences Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques Chinese Academy of Forestry

Savannas are distributed globally across various *** perform a significant socioeconomic role in regulating net primary productivity and the terrestrial carbon *** to the high spatial heterogeneity induced by the mixed distribution of trees and grasses,current global land-cover classification maps often classify savannas as forests or grasslands Temperate savannas in China cover a vast area,yet their spatial patterns and extent remain poorly *** study developed a novel remote sensing temperate savannas mapping method by integrating very high-resolution （VHR） unmanned aerial vehicle （UAV） and GF-6 satellite imagery based on the vegetation structure characteristics of temperate savannas using the FAO definition of *** and validation datasets were collected from VHR UAV imagery covering the main temperate savannah types with a ground area of 1818 *** fractional woody vegetation cover （FWVC） and fractional herbaceous vegetation cover （FHVC） in temperate savannas were estimated by integrating Classification and Regression Tree and Random Forest *** current distribution of temperate savannas in the Horqin and Otindag Sandy Lands of Eastern China was mapped to a unit area of 0.5 *** root-mean-square error （RMSE） values for the FWVC and FHVC models were 10.69% and 11.67%,and the R2values were 0.66 and 0.63,*** assessment indicated that the new temperate savanna map had high identification accuracy,with a Kappa coefficient of 0.70,overall accuracy of 0.88,and average accuracy of *** savannas in the sandy lands of eastern China were primarily distributed in the northern Horqin Sandy Land the central and eastern regions of the Otindag Sandy Land,and the transition zone from the southern slopes of the Greater Khingan Mountains to the plains,covering a total area of 3.27×10～6 *** main savannah types were elm,oak/maple,and shrub *** savannas were widely distributed in the Otindag Sandy

关键词： Temperate savanna UAV imagery GF-6 Fractional woody vegetation cover Fractional herbaceous vegetation cover Machine learning

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Peritoneal fluid indocyanine green test for diagnosis of gut leakage in anastomotic leakage rats and colorectal surgery patients

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第6期16卷 1825-1834页

作者： Yu Huang tian-yang li Jie-Feng Weng Hui liu Yu-Jie Xu Shuai Zhang Wei-li Gu Department of Surgery Guangzhou First People's HospitalGuangzhou 510180Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Application of indocyanine green(ICG)fluorescence has led to new developments in gastrointestinal ***,little is known about the use of ICG for the diagnosis of postoperative gut leakage(GL).In addition,there is a lack of rapid and intuitive methods to definitively diagnose postoperative *** To investigate the effect of ICG in the diagnosis of anastomotic leakage in a surgical rat GL model and evaluate its diagnostic value in colorectal surgery *** Sixteen rats were divided into two groups:GL group(n=8)and sham group(n=8).Approximately 0.5 mL of ICG(2.5 mg/mL)was intravenously injected *** peritoneal fluid was collected for the fluorescence test at 24 and 48 *** patients with rectal cancer who had undergone laparoscopic rectal cancer resection plus enterostomies were injected with 10 mL of ICG(2.5 mg/mL)on postoperative day *** ostomy fluids were collected 24 h after ICG injection to identify the possibility of the ICG excreting from the peripheral veins to the enterostomy *** who had undergone colectomy or rectal cancer resection were enrolled in the diagnostic *** peritoneal fluids from drainage were collected 24 h after ICG *** ICG fluorescence test was conducted using OptoMedic endoscopy along with a near-infrared fluorescent imaging *** The peritoneal fluids from the GL group showed ICG-dependent green fluorescence in contrast to the sham *** samples of ostomy fluids showed green fluorescence,indicating the possibility of ICG excreting from the peripheral veins to the enterostomy stoma in *** peritoneal fluid ICG test exhibited a sensitivity of 100%and a specificity of 83.3%for the diagnosis of *** positive predictive value was 71.4%,while the negative predictive value was 100%.The likelihood ratios were 6.0 for a positive test result and 0 for a negative *** The postoperative ICG test in a drainage tube is a valuable and simple t

关键词： Gut leakage Indocyanine green Anastomotic leakage model Diagnostic test Diagnostic technique