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Acidic electroreduction CO_(2)to formic acid via interfacial modification of Bi nanoparticles at industrial-level current

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 5817-5825页

作者： tian Dong Hongdong Li Zhenhui wang Yanling Geng Rui Chang xiaofeng tian Jianping Lai Shouhua Feng Lei wang Key Laboratory of Eco-Chemical Engineering International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering and Green ManufacturingCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringQingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China Shandong Engineering Research Center for Marine Environment Corrosion and Safety Protection College of Environment and Safety EngineeringQingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China

Electrocatalytic CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)in acidic media is a promising approach to overcome the unavoidable formation of carbonates in alkaline or neutral ***,the proton-rich environment near the catalyst surface favors hydrogen evolution reactions(HER),leading to lower energy efficiency of the desired products,especially in industrial-level current ***,quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant(cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB))was introduced into acidic electrolyte to modulate the interfacial microenvironment,which greatly enhanced CO_(2)electroreduction to formic acid(HCOOH)at the Bi/C nanoparticles *** a Bi/C nanoparticles electrode with CTAB added,constant production of formic acid was enabled with a cathodic energy efficiency of>40%and maximum FE_(HCOOH)(FE=Faradaic efficiency)of 86.2%at−400 mA·cm^(−2)over 24 *** with in-situ attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,the concentration of*OCHO intermediates significantly increased after CTAB modification,confirming that the hydrophobic interface microenvironment formed by dynamic adsorption of positively charged long alkyl chains on Bi/C nanoparticle electrodes inhibited HER and improved the selectivity of CO_(2)RR to HCOOH.

关键词： acidic media CO_(2)electrolysis electrolyte additive hydrophobic interfacial microenvironment industrial-level current

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RESTlogic: Detecting Logic Vulnerabilities in Cloud REST APIs

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 1797-1820页

作者： Ziqi wang Weihan tian Baojiang Cui School of Cyberspace Security Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing100876China

logical testing model and resource lifecycle information,generate test cases and complete parameters,and alleviate inconsistency issues through parameter *** again,we propose a method of analyzing test results using joint state codes and call stack information,which compensates for the shortcomings of traditional analysis *** will apply our method to testing REST services,including OpenStack,an open source cloud operating platform for experimental *** have found a series of inconsistencies,known vulnerabilities,and new unknown logical defects.

关键词： Cloud services RESTful API logic defects inconsistency issues

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Dead-zone-free atomic magnetometer based on hybrid Poincarébeams

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Photonics Research 2024年第5期12卷 1093-1097页

作者： KE tian WEIFENG DING ZHAOYING wang Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device School of PhysicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

In this paper,we present the experiment and the theory scheme of light-atom interaction in atomic magnetometers by using a hybrid Poincarébeam(HPB)to solve an annoying problem,named“dead zone.”This kind of magnetometer can be sensitive to arbitrary directions of external magnetic *** HPB has a complex polarization distribution,consisting of a vector radially polarized beam and a scalar circularly polarized beam in our *** two kinds of beams have different directions of dead zones of external magnetic fields;thereby,the atomic magnetometer with an HPB can avoid the non-signal area when the direction of the external magnetic field is in the plane perpendicular to the light polarization ***,the optical magnetic resonance(OMR)signal using an HPB still has no dead zones even when the direction of the external magnetic field is in the plane parallel to the polarization plane in our *** work has the potential to simplify and optimize dead-zone-free atomic magnetometers.

关键词： Poincaré magnetometer atomic

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High-efficiently doping nitrogen in kapok fiber-derived hard carbon used as anode materials for boosting rate performance of sodium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第9期96卷 472-482页

作者： tianyun Zhang tian Zhang Fujuan wang Fen Ran School of Mechanical and Electronical Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730050GansuChina State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals School of Materials Science and EngineeringLanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730500GansuChina

The engineering of plant-based precursor for nitrogen doping has become one of the most promising strategies to enhance rate capability of hard carbon materials for sodium-ion batteries;however,the poor rate performance is mainly caused by lack of pyridine nitrogen,which often tends to escape because of high temperature in preparation process of hard *** this paper,a high-rate kapok fiber-derived hard carbon is fabricated by cross-linking carboxyl group in 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid with the exposed hydroxyl group on alkalized kapok with assistance of zinc ***,a high nitrogen doping content of 4.24%is achieved,most of which are pyridine nitrogen;this is crucial for improving the defect sites and electronic conductivity of hard *** optimized carbon with feature of high nitrogen content,abundant functional groups,degree of disorder,and large layer spacing exhibits high capacity of 401.7 mAh g^(−1)at a current density of 0.05 A g^(−1),and more importantly,good rate performance,for example,even at the current density of 2 A g^(−1),a specific capacity of 159.5 mAh g^(−1)can be *** findings make plant-based hard carbon a promising candidate for commercial application of sodium-ion batteries,achieving high-rate performance with the enhanced pre-cross-linking interaction between plant precursors and dopants to optimize aromatization process by auxiliary pyrolysis.

关键词： Kapok fiber Hard carbon Electrode materials Rate performance Sodium-ion batteries

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Recycling the spent electronic materials to construct a highperformance Cu_(1.94)S/ZnS heterostructure anode of sodium-ion batteries

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4006-4015页

作者： xiaowei He tianshuai wang Lidong tian Qiuyu Zhang School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xi’an Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Porous MaterialsKey Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Chongqing Science and Technology Innovation Center of Northwestern Polytechnical University Chongqing 401135China College of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an University Science and TechnologyXi’an 710054China

Heterostructure engineering by coupling different nanocrystals has received extensive attention because it can enhance the reaction kinetics of the anode of sodium-ion batteries(SIBs).However,constructing high-quality heterostructure anode materials through green and environmentally friendly methods remains a ***,we have proposed a simple one-step method by recycling the electronic waste metal materials to synthesize the Cu_(1.94)S/ZnS heterostructure *** with the experimental analysis and first principle calculations,we find that the synergistic effect of different components in heterostructure structures can significantly enhance the reversible capacity and rate performance of anode *** on the constructed Cu_(1.94)S/ZnS anode,we obtain a superior reversible capacity of 440 mAh·g^(-1) at 100 mA·g^(-1) and 335 mAh·g^(-1) after 3000 cycles at 2000 mA·g^(-1).Our work sheds new light on designing high-rate and capacity anodes for SIBs through the greenness synthesis method.

关键词： sodium-ion batteries heterostructure reversible capacity environmentally synthesis process

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Unveiling the Re,Cr,and I diffusion in saturated compacted bentonite using machine-learning methods

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第6期35卷 65-77页

作者： Zheng-Ye Feng Jun-Lei tian Tao Wu Guo-Jun Wei Zhi-Long Li xiao-Qiong Shi Yong-Jia wang Qing-Feng Li Department of Engineering Huzhou UniversityHuzhou 313000China Institute of Theoretical Physics Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China College of Physics Science and Technology Shenyang Normal UniversityShenyang 110034China

The safety assessment of high-level radioactive waste repositories requires a high predictive accuracy for radionuclide diffusion and a comprehensive understanding of the diffusion *** this study,a through-diffusion method and six machine-learning methods were employed to investigate the diffusion of ReO_(4)^(−),HCrO_(4)^(−),and I−in saturated compacted bentonite under different salinities and compacted dry *** machine-learning models were trained using two *** dataset contained six input features and 293 instances obtained from the diffusion database system of the Japan Atomic Energy Agency(JAEA-DDB)and 15 *** other dataset,comprising 15,000 pseudo-instances,was produced using a multi-porosity model and contained eight input *** results indicate that the former dataset yielded a higher predictive accuracy than the *** gradient-boosting exhibited a higher prediction accuracy(R2=0.92)and lower error(MSE=0.01)than the other machine-learning *** addition,Shapley Additive Explanations,Feature Importance,and Partial Dependence Plot analysis results indicate that the rock capacity factor and compacted dry density had the two most significant effects on predicting the effective diffusion coefficient,thereby offering valuable insights.

关键词： Machine learning Effective diffusion coefficient Through-diffusion experiment Multi-porosity model Global analysis

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Long-term operation optimization of circulating cooling water systems under fouling conditions

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第1期65卷 255-267页

作者： Jiarui Liang Yong tian Shutong Yang Yong wang Ruiqi Yin Yufei wang School of Chemical Engineering and Environment China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China CHN Energy Xinjiang Chemical Co. LTDUrumqi830092China College of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China

Fouling caused by excess metal ions in hard water can negatively impact the performance of the circulating cooling water system(CCWS)by depositing ions on the heat exchanger's ***,the operation optimization of CCWS often prioritizes short-term flow velocity optimization for minimizing power consumption,without considering ***,low flow velocity promotes ***,it's crucial to balance fouling and energy/water conservation for optimal CCWS long-term *** study proposes a mixed-integer nonlinear programming(MINLP)model to achieve this *** model considers fouling in the pipeline,dynamic concentration cycle,and variable frequency drive to optimize the synergy between heat transfer,pressure drop,and *** optimizing the concentration cycle of the CCWS,water conservation and fouling control can be *** model can obtain the optimal operating parameters for different operation intervals,including the number of pumps,frequency,and valve local resistance *** experiments on cycle and environmental temperature reveal that as the cycle increases,the marginal benefits of energy/water conservation *** periods with minimal impact on fouling rate,energy/water conservation can be achieved by increasing the cycle while maintaining a low fouling ***,the proposed model has significant energy/water saving effects and can comprehensively optimize the CCWS through its incorporation of fouling and cycle optimization.

关键词： Computer simulation Circulating water system Fouling Concentration cycle Optimization Variable frequency drive

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Critical precipitation behavior of MnTe inclusions in resulfurized steels during solidification

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第8期31卷 1849-1857页

作者： Xiangyu Xu Lu Zhang Zifei wang Qianren tian Jianxun Fu Xuemin wang Center for Advanced Solidification Technology(CAST) School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Yangjiang Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Materials Science and Technology(Yangjiang)Advanced Alloys LaboratoryYangjiang 529500China

Te treatment is an effective method for modifying sulfide inclusions,and MnTe precipitation has an important effect on thermal brittleness and steel corrosion *** most actual industrial applications of Te treatment,MnTe precipitation is *** critical precipitation behavior of MnTe inclusions was investigated through scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,machine learning,and first-principles *** preferentially precipitated at the container mouth for sphere-like sulfides and at the interface between MnS grain boundaries and steel matrix for rod-like *** MnS/MnTe interface was semicoherent.A composition transition zone with a rock-salt structure exhibiting periodic changes existed to maintain the semicoherent *** critical precipitation behavior of MnTe inclusions in resulfurized steels involved three stages at varying ***,Mn(S,Te)precipitated during ***,MnTe with a rock-salt structure precipitated from Mn(S,Te).Third,MnTe with a hexagonal NiAs structure transformed from the rock-salt *** solubility of Te in MnS decreased with decreasing *** critical precipitation behavior of MnTe inclusions in resulfurized steels was related to the MnS precipitation *** the increase in MnS precipitation temperature,the critical Te/S weight ratio *** consideration of the cost-effectiveness of Te addition for industrial production,the Te content in resulfurized steels should be controlled in accordance with MnS precipitation temperature and S content.

关键词： resulfurized steels modification of inclusion manganese telluride precipitation

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Low cost and low density chloride solid electrolyte for all solid state cathode with high active material ratio

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 8826-8833页

作者： Hao-Yuan Tan Mei-Yu Zhou Zhongyuan Huang Jin-Da Luo Jing-tian Yang Jian-Ping wang Ye-Chao Wu xiao-Bin Cheng Zi-Wei wang Xu-Dong Hao Linjun wang Ke Gong Yi-Chen Yin Yinguo xiao Hong-Bin Yao Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Applied Chemistry University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Advanced Materials Peking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhen 518055China

Chloride solid electrolytes(SEs)have attracted widespread attention due to their high room-temperature ionic conductivity and excellent cathode ***,the conventionally selected central metal elements(e.g.,In,Y and Ta)are usually rare and heavy,inevitably causing the high cost and high density of the obtained chloride ***,by choosing abundant and light Mg and Al as central metal elements,we develop a cheap and low density Li_(1.2)Mg_(0.95)Al_(0.3)Cl_(4)SE for high active material ratio in all solid state *** replacement of Mg^(2+)by Al^(3+)in the framework yields vacancies and lowers the non-lithium metal ions occupancy at Mg/Li co-occupied 16d site,effectively relieving the blocking effects by Mg^(2+)in the pristine spinel Li_(2-2x)Mg_(1+x)Cl_(4).Thus,a significantly improved room-temperature conductivity of 3.08×10^(-4)S·cm^(-1)is achieved,two orders of magnitude higher than that of Li_(1.2)Mg_(1.4)Cl_(4).More attractively,its low density of only 1.98 g·cm-3 enables low SE mass ratio in cathodes(only 16 wt.%)with still effective electrolyte/cathode contact and lithium-ion conduction *** charged to potential of 4.30 V,the asfabricated Li_(1.2)Mg_(0.95)Al_(0.3)Cl_(4)-based solid lithium battery with uncoated NCM523 cathode can be cycled for over 100 cycles with a capacity retention of 86.68%at room temperature.

关键词： chloride solid electrolytes low cost low density Li+conductivities

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投资决策进化心理学的研究:预期的私人资金分配和父母对子女的差异性精力投入

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心理学报 2007年第3期39卷 406-414页

作者：王晓田 University of South Dakota

投资决策的进化心理学研究着眼于辨认人类获得进化适应的特定环境中经常出现的典型性风险,探寻为了应对这些风险而进化出的信息处理机制,并验证现时的社会因素和个体因素对这些心理机制的激活或抑制作用。在研究一中,被试预测了与自己... 详细信息

投资决策的进化心理学研究着眼于辨认人类获得进化适应的特定环境中经常出现的典型性风险,探寻为了应对这些风险而进化出的信息处理机制,并验证现时的社会因素和个体因素对这些心理机制的激活或抑制作用。在研究一中,被试预测了与自己同龄的男人或女人如何分配一笔中彩的奖金给自己和其他可能的受益人。研究发现:(1)钱数的分配大体由亲缘关系的疏密程度决定;(2)两性被试都假想男性比女性更慷慨,但实际上男性表现得更自利;(3)女性被试预测男性中奖人的金钱分配比男性被试预测女性中奖人的金钱分配更为准确;(4)女性被试的受益人更多,分享的社会范围更广。研究二探讨了父母对子女投入精力的不同取决于家庭的相对财富而非绝对财富的进化心理学假说。用哺乳与否和生育间隔期为测量指标,研究结果显示:(1)家庭实际收入影响父母对子女的总投入;(2)与邻里家庭相比,父母对于自己家庭相对收入的认知影响了对子女有别的差异性精力投入。基于男性普遍在财富和生育数量上比女性有更大的变异度,投资儿子比投资女儿更具博弈性。两项研究表明。

关键词：进化心理学理性风险决策金钱分配父母投资性别差异

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