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Role of adipose tissue grafting and adipose-derived stem cells in peripheral nerve surgery

Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第10期17卷 2179-2184页

作者： tiam m.saffari Sara saffari Krishna S.Vyas Samir mardini Alexander Y.Shin Department of Orthopedic Surgery Division of Microvascular and Hand SurgeryMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Radboud University medical Center Radboud Institute for Health SciencesDepartment of Plastic SurgeryNijmegenThe Netherlands Department of Surgery Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA

The application of autologous fat grafting in reconstructive surgery is commonly used to improve functional *** review aims to provide an overview of the scientific evidence on the biology of adipose tissue,the role of adipose-derived stem cells,and the indications of adipose tissue grafting in peripheral nerve *** tissue is easily accessible through the lower abdomen and inner ***-vascularized adipose tissue grafting does not support oxidative and ischemic stress,resulting in variable survival of adipocytes within the first 24 *** of adipose tissue with a stromal vascular fraction is purported to increase the number of adipose-derived stem cells and is postulated to augment the long-term stability of adipose tissue *** science nerve research suggests an increase in nerve regeneration and nerve revascularization,and a decrease in nerve fibrosis after the addition of adipose-derived stem cells or adipose *** clinical studies,the use of autologous lipofilling is mostly applied to secondary carpal tunnel release revisions with promising *** the use of adipose-derived stem cells in peripheral nerve reconstruction is relatively new,more studies are needed to explore safety and long-term effects on peripheral nerve *** Food and Drug Administration stipulates that adipose-derived stem cell transplantation should be minimally manipulated,enzyme-free,and used in the same surgical procedure,*** tissue grafts that contain native adipose-derived stem cells or stromal vascular *** research may be shifted towards the use of tissue-engineered adipose tissue to create a supportive microenvironment for autologous graft ***-ready alternatives could be enhanced with adipose-derived stem cells or growth factors and eliminate the need for adipose tissue harvest.

关键词： adipose tissue adipose-derived stem cells angiogenesis autologous fat grafting nerve injury nerve regeneration paracrine environment peripheral nerve reconstruction stem cell secretome tissue engineering

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The interaction of stem cells and vascularity in peripheral nerve regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第8期16卷 1510-1517页

作者： Sara saffari tiam m.saffari Dietmar J.O.Ulrich Steven E.R.Hovius Alexander Y.Shin Division of Hand and microvascular Surgery Department of Orthopedic SurgeryMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Radboud University Medical CenterNijmegenthe Netherlands

The degree of nerve regeneration after peripheral nerve injury can be altered by the microenvironment at the site of injury. Stem cells and vascularity are postulated to be a part of a complex pathway that enhances peripheral nerve regeneration;however, their interaction remains unexplored. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on this interaction, including various mechanisms through which trophic factors are promoted by stem cells and angiogenesis. Angiogenesis after nerve injury is stimulated by hypoxia, mediated by vascular endothelial growth factor, resulting in the growth of preexisting vessels into new areas. modulation of distinct signaling pathways in stem cells can promote angiogenesis by the secretion of various angiogenic factors. Simultaneously, the importance of stem cells in peripheral nerve regeneration relies on their ability to promote myelin formation and their capacity to be influenced by the microenvironment to differentiate into Schwann-like cells. Stem cells can be acquired through various sources that correlate to their differentiation potential, including embryonic stem cells, neural stem cells, and mesenchymal stem cells. Each source of stem cells serves its particular differentiation potential and properties associated with the promotion of revascularization and nerve regeneration. Exosomes are a subtype of extracellular vesicles released from cell types and play an important role in cell-to-cell communication. Exosomes hold promise for future transplantation applications, as these vesicles contain fewer membrane-bound proteins, resulting in lower immunogenicity. This review presents pre-clinical and clinical studies that focus on selecting the ideal type of stem cell and optimizing stem cell delivery methods for potential translation to clinical practice. Future studies integrating stem cell-based therapies with the promotion of angiogenesis may elucidate the synergistic pathways and ultimately enhance nerve regeneration.

关键词： angiogenesis exosomes nerve graft nerve regeneration peripheral nerve injury revascularization Schwann cells stem cells stem cell delivery vascularity

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The role of vascularization in nerve regeneration of nerve graft

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第9期15卷 1573-1579页

作者： tiam m.saffari meiwand Bedar Caroline A.Hundepool Allen T.Bishop Alexander Y.Shin Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Hand SurgeryErasmus Medical CenterRotterdamthe Netherlands

Vascularization is an important factor in nerve graft survival and function. The specific molecular regulations and patterns of angiogenesis following peripheral nerve injury are in a broad complex of pathways. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on the role of vascularization in nerve regeneration, including the key regulation molecules, and mechanisms and patterns of revascularization after nerve injury. Angiogenesis, the maturation of pre-existing vessels into new areas, is stimulated through angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor and precedes the repair of damaged nerves. Vascular endothelial growth factor administration to nerves has demonstrated to increase revascularization after injury in basic science research. In the clinical setting, vascularized nerve grafts could be used in the reconstruction of large segmental peripheral nerve injuries. Vascularized nerve grafts are postulated to accelerate revascularization and enhance nerve regeneration by providing an optimal nutritional environment, especially in scarred beds, and decrease fibroblast infiltration. This could improve functional recovery after nerve grafting, however, conclusive evidence of the superiority of vascularized nerve grafts is lacking in human studies. A well-designed randomized controlled trial comparing vascularized nerve grafts to non-vascularized nerve grafts involving patients with similar injuries, nerve graft repair and follow-up times is necessary to demonstrate the efficacy of vascularized nerve grafts. Due to technical challenges, composite transfer of a nerve graft along with its adipose tissue has been proposed to provide a healthy tissue bed. Basic science research has shown that a vascularized fascial flap containing adipose tissue and a vascular bundle improves revascularization through excreted angiogenic factors, provided by the stem cells in the adipose tissue as well as by the blood supply and environmental support. While it was previou

关键词： angiogenesis fascial flap nerve graft nerve injury nerve regeneration peripheral nerve vascular endothelial growth factor vascularization vascularized nerve graft

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Shear Effects in Shakedown Analysis of Offshore Structures

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2008年第2期7卷 177-183页

作者： m. J. Fadaee H. saffari R. Tabatabaei Civil Engineering Department University of Kerman Po Box 76169-133 Kerman Iran

In this paper, a formulation for shakedown analysis of elastic-plastic offshore structures under cyclic wave loading is presented. In this formulation, a fast numerical solution method is used, suitable for the Finite Element method (FEm) analysis of large offshore structures on which shear effects in addition to bending and axial effects are taken into account. The morison equation is adopted for converting the velocity and acceleration terms into resultant forces and it is extended to consider arbitrary orientations of the structural members. The theoretical methods of the shakedown analysis are discussed in detail and the formulation is applied to an offshore structure to verify the concept employed and its analytical capabilities.

关键词： shear effect shakedown multiplier melan's theorem morison equation

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microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-mg_2Si composite fabricated in-situ by vibrating cooling slope

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Transactions of Nonferrous metals Society of China 2018年第4期28卷 604-612页

作者： Shaya saffari Farshad AKHLAGHI School of metallurgy and materials Engineering College of Engineering University of Tehran

An innovative semisolid technique termed as vibrating cooling slope(VCS)has been applied to producing in-situ Al-25%mg2Si(mass fraction)*** molten Al-16.5mg-9.4%Si(mass fraction)alloy with 100°C superheat was poured on the surface of an inclined copper plate(set at 45°inclined angle)while it was vibrated at a frequency of 40 Hz and an amplitude of 400μ*** travelling the length of 40 cm on the slope,the resultant semisolid alloy was cast into a steel *** the purpose of comparison,reference composite samples were made by gravity casting(GC)and conventionally still cooling slope casting(CS)methods using the same alloy under identical *** samples were hot extruded at 500°*** was concluded that the size of mg2Si particles was decreased by about 50%and 70%for the CS and VCS produced samples respectively when compared to that of the GC produced *** of their higher porosity contents,both the as-cast and hot-extruded VCS processed samples exhibited higher hardness,shear yield stress(SYS)and ultimate shear strength(USS)values as compared with their GC produced *** results were attributed to the refined and modified microstructure obtained via this newly developed technique.

关键词： in-situ composite Al-mg2Si alloy semi-solid processing vibrating cooling slope microstructure shear punch test

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malaria stratification in a malarious area,a field exercise

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2010年第10期3卷 807-811页

作者： Vatandoost Hassan Akbarzadeh Kamran Hanafi- Bojd Ahniad Ali mashayekhi minoo saffari mohammad malik Elfatih m Kenyi Luka Abakar John Baptist Busaq Alikhan Esmailpour mohammad Hassen Abuelgasim Oshaghi mohamad Ali Department of medical Entomology & Vector Control School of Public Health & National Institute of Health ResearchTehran University of Medical Sciences Kerman University of medical Sciences PHC and Preventive medicine ministry of Health Baghlan province Urmieh University of medical Sciences Northern State ministry of Health Malaria Control Programme

Objective:To conducted a spatial analysis for stratification of priority malaria control areas in Kahnuj County,as part of field ***:Information of Health Centers of Kahnuj County has been used for stratification retrospectively.A knowledge,attitudes and practices(KAP) study was arranged to provide preliminary information about the knowledge,attitude and practice related to malaria in the ***:Numbers of malaria cases has been decreased in year *** were five important vectors of malaria in this region including:Anopheles stephensi (***),Anopheles dthali(***).Anopheles superpictus(***),Anophels culicifacies(***),and Anopheles Jluviatilis(***),but majority of malaria cases in this county was related to Plasmodium vivax(***).Educational levels of community were 38% ,20% ,10% and 32% for illiterate,primary,secondary and university levels,respectively. KAP study revealed that about 37% of people have got malaria at least once and only 27% of people knew that mosquito is the vector of ***:malaria in Kahnuj represents a real *** occurs in city *** can be suspected for the first peak of malaria cases in late spring in Kahnuj *** has a relatively high density in autumn while two malaria cases due to *** were reported in *** on KAP study,the knowledge of respondents seems good but the attitude and practice is *** to the data such as API,main malaria vector,transmission rate,and foreign migrants,the Kahnuj County has been spatially divided into three strata based on various *** authorities should implement all the interventions based on stratification.

关键词： malaria Kahnuj Stratification Iran

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蟾蜍活性多肽对不同肿瘤细胞的抗癌功能及机制研究

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现代肿瘤医学 2015年第15期23卷 2100-2104页

作者：阮之平田涛焦敏姚煜西安交通大学医学院第一附属医院陕西西安710061

目的:研究来源于中华大蟾蜍卵子内一种活性多肽对人不同组织类型肿瘤细胞株的抗癌作用及可能机制。方法:采用mTT法检测活性多肽对肿瘤细胞增殖能力的影响。构建肿瘤移植瘤模型,检测该活性多肽对肿瘤细胞成瘤能力的影响。流式细胞仪检测... 详细信息

目的:研究来源于中华大蟾蜍卵子内一种活性多肽对人不同组织类型肿瘤细胞株的抗癌作用及可能机制。方法:采用mTT法检测活性多肽对肿瘤细胞增殖能力的影响。构建肿瘤移植瘤模型,检测该活性多肽对肿瘤细胞成瘤能力的影响。流式细胞仪检测细胞周期及凋亡情况。采用real-time PCR检测活性多肽对细胞周期和凋亡相关基因表达的影响。结果:蟾蜍活性多肽对不同组织类型的肿瘤细胞具有增殖抑制和/或诱导凋亡的作用,并呈时间依赖性和剂量依赖性。蟾蜍活性多肽可能通过下调周期相关基因cyclin B、CDK1的表达阻滞肿瘤细胞周期于G2/m期检查点。对凋亡诱导的作用可能与凋亡相关基因Survivin、Caspase-3表达和bcl/bak表达的比值上调有关。结论:蟾蜍活性多肽能够通过阻滞细胞周期进展和诱导凋亡抑制肿瘤细胞的体内外增殖能力。

关键词：蟾蜍活性多肽肿瘤抗癌功能

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二丁酰环磷腺苷钙不同给药途径治疗慢性心力衰竭的疗效比较

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心血管康复医学杂志 2019年第6期28卷 757-760页

作者：肖文颖田松枚黄红漫上海市杨浦区市东医院心内科

目的:比较二丁酰环磷腺苷钙(DCAmC)不同给药途径治疗慢性心力衰竭(CHF)的疗效。方法:98例CHF患者被随机均分为DCAmC静脉点滴组(静滴组)和DCAmC肌肉注射组(肌注组),两组患者均接受常规抗心衰治疗,疗程10d。观察比较两组治疗前后血浆N末... 详细信息

目的:比较二丁酰环磷腺苷钙(DCAmC)不同给药途径治疗慢性心力衰竭(CHF)的疗效。方法:98例CHF患者被随机均分为DCAmC静脉点滴组(静滴组)和DCAmC肌肉注射组(肌注组),两组患者均接受常规抗心衰治疗,疗程10d。观察比较两组治疗前后血浆N末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)水平、左室舒张末内径(LVEDd)、LVEF和不良反应情况。结果:与治疗前比较,两组治疗后血浆NT-proBNP水平[静滴组:(6846.23±3856.01)pg/ml比(2285.69±2023.79)pg/ml,肌注组:(6151.50±5160.09)pg/ml比(2568.37±2488.51)pg/ml]、LVEDd[静滴组:(4.78±0.44)cm比(4.69±0.43)cm,肌注组:(4.97±0.64)cm比(4.88±0.62)cm]均显著降低,LVEF[静滴组:(59.49±4.64)%比(60.67±4.52)%,肌注组:(57.67±7.19)%比(58.94±7.05)%]显著升高,P均=0.001。治疗前后,两组间上述指标差异均不显著,P均>0.05。两组间不良反应发生率无显著差异,P=1.000。结论:二丁酰环磷腺苷钙对于慢性心力衰竭的患者,能改善心功能,并且局部肌肉注射治疗能取得和静脉点滴治疗相同的临床疗效。

关键词：心力衰竭环AmP 投药途径

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