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High-temperature calcination dramatically promotes the activity of Cs/Co/Ce-Sn catalyst for soot oxidation

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 534-538页

作者： Meng Wang Yan Zhang Yunbo Yu Wenpo shan Hong He Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research StationInstitute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315800China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Catalytic oxidation of soot is of great importance for emission control on diesel *** this work,a highly active Cs/Co/Ce-Sn catalyst was investigated for soot oxidation,and it was unexpectedly found that high-temperature calcination greatly improved the activity of the *** the calcination temperature was increased from 500℃ to 750℃,T_(50) decreased from 456.9℃ to 389.8℃ in a NO/O_(2)/H_(2)O/N_(2) *** results revealed that high-temperature calcination can promote the ability to transfer negative charge density from Cs to other metal cations in Cs/Co/Ce-Sn,which will facilitate the production of more oxygen defects and the generation of more surface-active oxygen *** oxygen species are beneficial to the oxidation of NO to NO_(2),leading to the high yield of NO_(2) ***,the Cs/Co/Ce-Sn catalyst calcined at 750℃ demonstrated higher activity than that calcined at 500℃.This work provides a pathway to prepare high efficiency catalysts for the removal of soot and significant insight into the effects of calcination on soot oxidation catalysts.

关键词： Soot oxidation Calcination Surface defects Surface-active oxygen species NO_(2)

Wave effect of gravitational waves intersected with a microlens field II:An adaptive hierarchical tree algorithm and population study

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期68卷 237-250页

作者： Xikai shan Guoliang Li Xuechun Chen Wen Zhao Bin Hu Shude Mao Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China Department of Astronomy Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute for Frontier in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 102206China School of Physics and Astronomy Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Key Laboratory for Researches in Galaxies and Cosmology Department of AstronomyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230026China

The gravitational lensing wave effect generated by a microlensing field embedded in a lens galaxy is an inevitable phenomenon in strong lensed gravitational waves(SLGWs).This effect presents both challenges and opportunities for the detection and appli-cation of ***,investigating this wave effect requires computing a complete diffraction integral over each microlens in the *** is extremely time-consuming due to the large number of microlenses(10^(3)-10^(6)).Therefore,simply adding all the microlenses is ***,the complexity of the time delay surface makes the lens plane resolution a crucial factor in controlling numerical *** this paper,we propose a trapezoid approximation-based adaptive hierarchical tree algo-rithm to meet the challenges of calculation speed and *** find that this algorithm accelerates the calculation by four orders of magnitude compared to the simple adding method and is one order of magnitude faster than the fixed hierarchical tree algorithm proposed for electromagnetic *** importantly,our algorithm ensures controllable numerical errors,increasing confidence in the *** with our previous work(***.66,239511,2023),this paper addresses all numerical issues,including integral convergence,precision,and computational time1).Finally,we conducted a population study on the microlensing wave effect of SLGWs using this algorithm and found that the microlensing wave effect cannot be ignored,especially for Type II SLGWs(from saddle position of the time delay surface)due to their intrinsic geometric structures and their typical intersection with a denser microlensing ***,more than 33%(11%)of SLGWs have a mismatch larger than 1%(3%)compared to the unlensed ***,we found that the mismatch between signal pairs in a doubly imaged GW is generally larger than 10^(−3),and 61%(25%)of signal pairs have a mismatch larger than 1%(3%).Theref

关键词： gravitational lensing diffractional integral algorithm gravitational wave

Seasonal and Spatial Variation Characteristics of Surface Water Quality and Its Influencing Factors in Baiyangdian Lake

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Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science 2025年第3期46卷 1382-1394页

作者： Xu, Rong-Zhen Wang, Yu-shan Yin, De-chao Wang, Xu-Qing Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology China Geological Survey Tianjin300304 China

Baiyangdian Lake is the major ecological function area of Xiongan New Area. To reveal the surface water quality and its changing trends,seasonal changing trends,spatial changing characteristics,and influencing factors of the important indicators of the surface water,statistical description,ion diagrams,factor analysis,and other methods were comprehensively used to systematically study the surface water quality of Baiyangdian Lake. The results showed that the surface water quality of Baiyangdian Lake was gradually improving,and the water quality was mainly Class IV by 2020. COD,permanganate index,total nitrogen,and total phosphorus were key indicators that affected the water quality of Baiyangdian Lake. The spatial and temporal variation characteristics of these four key indicators were analyzed. The study of spatial change characteristics revealed that the content of oxygen-consuming substances that were difficult to be oxidized in the surface water was high,and the substances carried by the river entering Baiyangdian Lake directly affected the water quality near the entrance of the lake. The time variation characteristics indicated that under the background of ecological water replenishment,the concentration level of pollutants in surface water had significantly decreased,and the water quality had been significantly improved. The hydrochemical type of the surface water was mainly HCO3-Na type. TDS and the main ion concentrations were higher in the south and lower in the north. The constant ion components mainly originated from the weathering and dissolution of silicate rocks;the trace water chemical components were affected by natural and man-made factors. The natural source was rock weathering. The man-made factors included atmospheric deposition,agricultural and industrial sources,and the superimposed impact of organic pollution. The research results can provide scientific support for the protection and restoration of Baiyangdian Lake ecology. © 2025 Science Pres

关键词： Weathering

Acute and chronic excitotoxicity in ischemic stroke and late-onset Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1981-1988页

作者： shan Ping Yu Emily Choi Michael QJiang Ling Wei Department of Anesthesiology Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical CenterDecaturGAUSA

Stroke and Alzheimer's disease are common neurological disorders and often occur in the same *** comorbidity of the two neurological disorders represents a grave health threat to older *** review presents a brief background of the development of novel concepts and their clinical *** activity of glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated Ca^(2+)influx is critical for neuronal *** ischemic insult induces prompt and excessive glutamate release and drastic increases of intracellular Ca^(2+)mainly via N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors,particularly of those at the extrasynaptic *** Ca^(2+)-evoked neuronal cell death in the ischemic core is dominated by necrosis within a few hours and days known as acute ***,mild but sustained Ca^(2+)increases under neurodegenerative conditions such as in the distant penumbra of the ischemic brain and early stages of Alzheimer's disease are not immediately toxic,but gradually set off deteriorating Ca^(2+)-dependent signals and neuronal cell loss mostly because of activation of programmed cell death *** on the Ca^(2+)hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease and recent advances,this Ca^(2+)-activated“silent”degenerative excitotoxicity evolves from years to decades and is recognized as a unique slow and chronic *** N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit GluN3A,primarily at the extrasynaptic site,serves as a gatekeeper for the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activity and is neuroprotective against both acute and chronic *** stroke and Alzheimer's disease,therefore,share an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-and Ca^(2+)-mediated mechanism,although with much different time *** is thus proposed that early interventions to control Ca^(2+)homeostasis at the preclinical stage are pivotal for individuals who are susceptible to sporadic late-onset Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease-related

关键词： Ca^(2+)hypothesis cognitive deficits hyperactivity late-onset Alzheimer's disease neurodegeneration N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits pathogenesis preventive treatment

The burden of upper motor neuron involvement is correlated with the bilateral limb involvement interval in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:a retrospective observational study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1505-1512页

作者： Jieying Wu shan Ye Xiangyi Liu Yingsheng Xu Dongsheng Fan Department of Neurology Peking University Third HospitalBeijingChina Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases BeijingChina Key Laboratory for Neuroscience National Health Commission/Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijingChina

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a rare neurodegenerative disease characterized by the involvement of both upper and lower motor *** bilateral limb involvement significantly affects patients'daily lives and may lead them to be confined to ***,the effect of upper and lower motor neuron impairment and other risk factors on bilateral limb involvement is *** address this issue,we retrospectively collected data from 586 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients with limb onset diagnosed at Peking University Third Hospital between January 2020 and May 2022.A univariate analysis revealed no significant differences in the time intervals of spread in different directions between individuals with upper motor neuron-dominant amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and those with classic amyotrophic lateral *** used causal directed acyclic graphs for risk factor determination and Cox proportional hazards models to investigate the association between the duration of bilateral limb involvement and clinical baseline characteristics in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis *** factor analyses revealed that higher upper motor neuron scores(hazard ratio[HR]=1.05,95%confidence interval[CI]=1.01–1.09,P=0.018),onset in the left limb(HR=0.72,95%CI=0.58–0.89,P=0.002),and a horizontal pattern of progression(HR=0.46,95%CI=0.37–0.58,Ptil bilateral limb *** results demonstrated that a greater degree of upper motor neuron involvement might cause contralateral limb involvement to progress more quickly in limb-onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis *** findings may improve the management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients with limb onset and the prediction of patient prognosis.

关键词： amyotrophic lateral sclerosis bilateral limb involvement Cox proportional hazards regression model horizontal spread restricted cubic spline analysis time interval upper motor neuron vertical spread

Impact of dietary nutrition regimens based on body composition analysis on bone metabolism in Alzheimer’s disease patients

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2025年第2期15卷 59-68页

作者： Xue-Lian Wang Yi-Ran Zhao Ying Yu Zhi-Fang Mao Su-Xian Tan shan-shan Yu Department of Clinical Nutrition The Third Hospital of QuzhouQuzhou 324000Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation Treatment Group The Third Hospital of QuzhouQuzhou 324000Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Geriatrics The Third Hospital of QuzhouQuzhou 324000Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation Medicine The Third Hospital of QuzhouQuzhou 324000Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Psychiatry The Third Hospital of QuzhouQuzhou 324000Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Geriatric Psychiatry The Third Hospital of QuzhouQuzhou 324000Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Body composition analysis(BCA)is primarily used in the management of conditions such as obesity and endocrine ***,its potential in providing nutritional guidance for patients with Alzheimer’s disease(AD)remains relatively *** To explore the clinical efficacy of BCA-based dietary nutrition scheme on bone metabolism in AD *** This retrospective study included 96 patients with AD complicated by osteoporosis who were admitted to The Third Hospital of Quzhou between January 2023 and December *** on data from previous similar studies,the patients were randomly assigned to either a routine diet(RD)group(n=48)or a personalized nutrition(PN)group(n=48).The RD group received conventional dietary guidance,while the PN group received individualized diet intervention measures based on human *** intervention period lasted for 12 *** mineral density(BMD),body mass index(BMI),muscle mass,mineral content,osteocalcin,25-hydroxyvitamin D,procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide(PINP),beta C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen(β-CTX),and serum calcium were measured and compared between the two groups before and 12 weeks after the *** No significant differences were observed between groups in terms of age,sex,height,BMI,or other baseline data(P>0.05).In both groups,BMI did not show significant changes after the intervention(P>0.05),whereas muscle mass and mineral content were significantly increased(Ption,BMI in the PN group did not differ significantly from that of the RD group,but muscle mass and mineral content were significantly higher in the PN group(Ption,a higher proportion of patients in the PN group had a T score>-1 compared to the RD group(Ption(MMSE)score was similar in both groups before the ***,12 weeks after the intervention,the MMSE score in the PN group was significantly higher than

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Bone metabolism disorders Human body composition analysis Dietary nutrition Bone homeostasis Dietary management

Microvesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells: A promising therapeutic strategy for acute respiratory distress syndrome-related pulmonary fibrosis?

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2025年第1期17卷 66-70页

作者： Zhao Zhang Xin-Yun shan Ce Liang Lan Zhao Xiao-Qian shan The First Teaching Hospital of tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin 300381China shandong Medical College Jinan 276000Shandong ProvinceChina Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology Qinhuangdao 066004Hebei ProvinceChina tianjin Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion The First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 300381China

Pulmonary fibrosis significantly contributes to the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS),markedly increasing patient *** the established anti-fibrotic effects of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs),numerous challenges hinder their clinical application.A recent study demon-strated that microvesicles(MVs)from MSCs(MSC-MVs)could attenuate ARDS-related pulmonary fibrosis and enhance lung function via hepatocyte growth factor mRNA *** discovery presents a promising strategy for managing ARDS-associated pulmonary *** article initially examines the safety and efficacy of MSCs from both basic science and clinical perspectives,subsequently exploring the potential and obstacles of employing MSC-MVs as a novel therapeutic ***,it provides perspectives on future research into the application of MSC-MVs in ARDS-associated pulmonary fi-brosis.

关键词： Microvesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells Acute respiratory distress syndrome Pulmonary fibrosis Hepatocyte growth factor Mesenchymal stromal cells

Spatiotemporal evolution of Ediacaran-Cambrian(ca.551–523 Ma)sponges in South China and their simulated contributions to marine oxygenation

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第2期68卷 549-563页

作者： Yan YE Lei ZHANG Can CHEN shan CHANG Yuhao YI Qinglai FENG State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China School of Earth Science China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Geology Lund UniversityLund 22362Sweden Institute of Sedimentary Geology Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Key Laboratory of Deep-time Geography and Environment Reconstruction and Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Second Geological Brigade of Hubei Geological Bureau Enshi 445000China College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Hubei Normal UniversityHuangshi 435002China Exploration and Development Research Institute SINOPEC Jianghan Oilfield CompanyWuhan 430223China

The origin and evolution of sponges have attracted interest,not only because they are among the most basal metazoans,but also because they act as important ecological engineers in the *** research suggested that sponge groups diversified quickly during the Cambrian Series 2,while Terreneuvian sponge fossils are conspicuously rare and poorly ***,an increasing number of sponge spicules have been reported from the Ediacaran-Cambrian(E-C,ca.551–523 Ma)transitional carbonates/cherts worldwide,particularly in South China,which calls for updated *** oxygenation has been widely proposed to play a critical role in organismal evolution,but its relationship with sponges is unclear and falls into a“chicken-egg”*** this study,we summarize reported sponge spicule distributions from five E-C sections in South China to investigate the early evolutionary pattern of siliceous *** to current stratigraphic correlation,monaxons first appear in the late Ediacaran in the intrashelf basin-slope area,and then potentially expand to the continental shelf and deep basin in the lower *** these sections,the abundance,size,and diversity of monaxons increase upwards,followed by the appearance of diaxons,triaxons and then *** the uncertain affinity of the sponge fossils,it is possible that siliceous hexactinellids evolved later than siliceous demosponges,given that the earliest spicule assemblages are exclusively composed of monaxons,which commonly form bundles comparable to modern *** geochemical data from the Sifangjing section,Guizhou Province and the Yanziqiao section,Hunan Province,South China show that the appearance of sponges usually corresponds to anoxic *** addition,we applied the recently proposed Biological Pump,Oxygen and Phosphorus(BPOP)model to trace the evolution of oceanic oxygen concentrations with the radiation of *** results indicate that the possible contribution o

关键词： Cambrian Sponge Oxygenation Silicon concentration Box model

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Achieving further refinement of grain structure and improvement of mechanical properties in Al-12Si-4Cu-2Ni-1Mg alloy by Al-ti-C-B master alloy addition and deep cryogenic treatment

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China Foundry 2025年第1期22卷 75-82页

作者： Lin-fei Xia Wen-bo Li Zuo-shan Wei Yu-ying Wu Xiang-fa Liu China Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials Ministry of EducationShandong UniversityJinan 250061China shandong Key Laboratory of Advanced Aluminum Materials and Technology Binzhou Institute of TechnologyBinzhou 256600ShandongChina

Near-eutectic Al-Si alloys are widely used in automotive manufacturing due to their superior wear resistance and high temperature *** of high Si content,the grain refinement of near-eutectic Al-Si alloy has been a problem for many *** this study,the effect of deep cryogenic treatment(DCT)on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-12Si-4Cu-2Ni-Mg alloy with addition of Al-ti-C-B master alloy was fully *** show that the average grain size of the alloy is greatly reduced from 0.92 mm to 0.50 mm,and the eutectic Si and Al7Cu4Ni precipitates are spheroidized and refined in Al-12Si-4Cu-2Ni-Mg after DCT for 24 h and aging *** these changes of microstructures result in a significant increment of about 22.5%in elongation and a slight enhancement of about 6.8%in tensile ***,the refinement of microstructure also significantly improves the fatigue life of the alloy.

关键词： deep cryogenic treatment near-eutectic Al-Si master alloy microstructure mechanical properties