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microstructure and Fracture morphology in the Welding Zone of Cr18mo2 Ferritic Stainless Steel

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Journal of materials Science & technology 1996年第6期12卷 452-456页

作者： Li, YJ Zou, ZD thompson, m Dept. of materials Engineering Shandong University of Technology Jinan 250061 China

microstructure, precipitates and fracture morphology in the weld metal and he heat-affected zone (HAZ) of Cr18mo2 ferritic stainless steel have been studied by means of metalloscope, SEm, tEm and X-ray diffractometer. Experimental results indicate that crystalline grain coarsening in HAZ is one of the reason resulting in the embrittlement fracture in the welding zone of the Ferritic stainless steel. Some precipitates (tiC, tiN and Cr2N) in the steel promote production and development of the brittle cracks. in practical applications, the welding heat input should be as small as possible to prevent embrittlement caused by HAZ grain coarsening.

关键词： Stainless steel

mutifactorial analysis of risk factors for reduced bone mineral density in patients with Crohn’s disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第35期12卷 5680-5686页

作者： Sarah A Bartram Robert t Peaston David J Rawlings David Walshaw Roger m Francis Nick P thompson musculoskeletal unit Freeman HospitalNewcastle-upon-Tyne United Kingdom Department of Biochemistry Freeman Hospital Newcastle-upon-Tyne United Kingdom Regional medical Physics Department Newcastle General Hospital United Kingdom Dept of Statistics University of Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom musculoskeletal unit Freeman Hospital Newcastle-upon-Tyne United Kingdom Department of medicine Freeman Hospital Newcastle-upon-Tyne United Kingdom

AIm: to determine the prevalence of osteoporosis in a cohort of patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and to identify the relative significance of risk factors for osteoporosis. mEtHODS: two hundred and fifty-eight unselected patients (92 m, 166 F) with CD were studied. Bone mineral density (BmD) was measured at the lumbar spine and hip by dual X-ray absorptiometry. Bone formation was assessed by measuring bone specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP) and bone resorption by measuring urinary excretion of deoxypyridinoline (DPD) and N-telopeptide (NtX). RESULtS: Between 11.6%-13.6% patients were osteoporotic (t score t the lumbar spine and/or hip. NtX levels were significantly higher in the patients with osteoporosis (P t BSAP and DPD levels were not significantly different. Independent risk factors for osteoporosis at either the lumbar spine or hip were a low body mass index (P ticosteroid use (P male sex (P these factors combined accounted for 23% and 37% of the reduction in BmD at the lumbar spine and hip respectively. CONCLUSION: Our results confirm that osteoporosis is common in patients with CD and suggest that increased bone resorption is the mechanism responsible for thebone loss. However, less than half of the reduction in BmD can be attributed to risk factors such as corticosteroid use and low BmI and therefore remains unexplained.

关键词： Crohn's disease Osteoporosis Osteopenia Bone mineral density

An efficient method for unfolding kinetic pressure driven VISAR data

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2015年第3期3卷 50-58页

作者： m.Hess K.Peterson A.Harvey-thompson Sandia National Laboratories

Velocity Interferometer System for Any Reflector(VISAR) [Barker and Hollenbach, J. Appl. Phys. 43, 4669(1972)]is a well-known diagnostic that is employed on many shock physics and pulsed-power experiments. With the VISAR diagnostic, the velocity on the surface of any metal flyer can be found. For most experiments employing VISAR, either a kinetic pressure [Grady, mech. mater. 29, 181(1998)] or a magnetic pressure [Lemke et al., Intl J. Impact Eng. 38,480(2011)] drives the motion of the flyer. moreover, reliable prediction of the time-dependent pressure is often a critical component to understanding the physics of these experiments. Although VISAR can provide a precise measurement of a flyer's surface velocity, the real challenge of this diagnostic implementation is using this velocity to unfold the timedependent pressure. the purpose of this paper is to elucidate a new method for quickly and reliably unfolding VISAR data.

关键词： laser driven blast wave pulsed-power VISAR

Experimental Analysis of Atypically Long Finned Oscillating Heat Pipe for Ventilation Waste Heat Recovery Application

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Journal of thermal Science 2020年第3期29卷 667-675页

作者： mAHAJAN Govinda CHO Heejin SmItH Aaron thompson Scott m. Rheem manufacturing MontgomeryAL 36109USA Department of mechanical Engineering Mississippi State UniversityMsissippi StateMS 39762USA Department of mechanical Engineering Auburn UniversityAubumnAL 36849USA

Oscillating heat pipes(OHP)which are constructed from a serpentine-arranged capillary tube possess a desirable aerodynamic form factor and provide for relatively high heat transfer rates via cyclic evaporation and condensation of an encapsulated working fluid with no internal wicking structure *** last two decades,OHP has been extensively investigated for its potential application in thermal management of various *** study presents an experimental investigation on the heat transfer performance of an atypically long finned *** heat transfer performance of the proposed OHP was analyzed and compared with a bare tube OHP with similar overall *** show that a unit row of finned OHP filled with n-pentane with fill ratio of 70%can recover up to(400±40)W of heat from a typical waste exhaust air *** additional pressure drop due to fins was estimated to be(6.8±2)Pa resulting in an increase of 1–2 W of fan power *** average heat recovery rate via finned OHP was found to be almost 80%more than bare tube OHP filled with same working fluid with same fill ratio.

关键词： oscillating heat pipe waste heat recovery ventilation

A lateral ankle sprain during a lateral backward step in badminton:A case report of a televised injury incident

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第1期12卷 139-144页

作者： Daniel t.P.Fong Kam-ming mok Isobel m.thompson Yuehang Wang Wei Shan mark A.King National Centre for Sport and Exercise medicine School of SportExercise and Health SciencesLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughLE113TUUK Office of Student Affairs Lingnan UniversityHong Kong 999077China Department of Orthopaedics and traumatology Prince of Wales HospitalFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China China Institute of Sport and Health Science Beijing Sport UniversityBeijing 100084China

Background:this study presents a kinematic analysis of an acute lateral ankle sprain incurred during a televised badminton *** kinematics of this injury were compared to those of 19 previously reported cases in the published ***:Four camera views of an acute lateral ankle sprain incurred during a televised badminton match were synchronized and rendered in3-dimensional animation software.A badminton court with known dimensions was built in a virtual environment,and a skeletal model scaled to the inj ured athlete’s height was used for skeletal *** ankle joint angle and angular velocity profiles of this acute injury were compared to the summarized findings from 19 previously reported cases in the published ***:At foot strike,the ankle joint was 2° everted,33° plantarflexed,and 18° internally *** inversion of 114° and internal rotation of 69° was achieved at 0.24 s and 0.20 s after foot strike,*** the foot strike,the ankle joint moved from an initial position of plantarflexion to dorsiflexion-from 33° plantarflexion to 53° dorsiflexion(range=86°).maximum inversion,dorsiflexion,and internal rotation angular velocity were 1262°/s,961°/s,and 677°/s,respectively,at 0.12 s after foot ***:A forefoot landing posture with a plantarflexed and internally rotated ankle joint configuration could incite an acute lateral ankle sprain injury in *** of lateral ankle sprains in badminton should focus on the control and stability of the ankle joint angle during forefoot landings,especially when the athletes perform a combined lateral and backward step.

关键词： Ankle Biomechanics Injury prevention Ligament injuries Sports medicine

A deep convolutional neural network for real-time full profile analysis of big powder diffraction data

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npj Computational materials 2021年第1期7卷 671-679页

作者： Hongyang Dong Keith t.Butler Dorota matras Stephen W.t.Price Yaroslav Odarchenko Rahul Khatry Andrew thompson Vesna middelkoop Simon D.m.Jacques Andrew m.Beale Antonis Vamvakeros Department of Chemistry University College London20 Gordon StreetLondon WC1H 0AJUnited Kingdom ScimL Scientific Computer DivisionSTFCRutherford Appleton LaboratoryHarwell OX110QXUnited Kingdom Finden Limited Merchant House5 East St Helens StreetAbingdon OX145EGUnited Kingdom National Physical Laboratory Hampton RoadTeddington TW110LWUnited Kingdom Flemish Institute for technological Research VITO NVBoeretang 200Mol 2400Belgium Research Complex at Harwell Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryHarwell Science and Innovation CampusDidcotOX110FA OxfordshireUnited Kingdom Present address:Diamond Light Source Harwell Science and Innovation CampusDidcotOxfordshire OX110DEUnited Kingdom Present address:the Faraday Institution Quad OneHarwell Science and Innovation CampusOX110RA OxfordshireUnited Kingdom

We present Parameter Quantification Network(PQ-Net),a regression deep convolutional neural network providing quantitative analysis of powder X-ray diffraction patterns from multi-phase *** network is tested against simulated and experimental datasets of increasing complexity with the last one being an X-ray diffraction computed tomography dataset of a multi-phase Ni-Pd/CeO_(2)-ZrO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3) catalytic material system consisting of ca.20,000 diffraction *** is shown that the network predicts accurate scale factor,lattice parameter and crystallite size maps for all phases,which are comparable to those obtained through full profile analysis using the Rietveld method,also providing a reliable uncertainty measure on the *** main advantage of PQNet is its ability to yield these results orders of magnitude faster showing its potential as a tool for real-time diffraction data analysis during in situ/operando experiments.

关键词： network powder analysis

Ballistic response of armour plates using Generative Adversarial Networks

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Defence technology（防务技术） 2022年第9期18卷 1513-1522页

作者： S.thompson F.teixeira-Dias m.Paulino A.Hamilton Institute for Infrastructure and Environment(IIE) School of EngineeringThe University of Edinburgh Alexander Graham Bell BuildingThe King's BuildingsEdinburghEH93FGUnited Kingdom School of Engineering Faculty of ScienceEngineering and Built EnvironmentDeakin University Waurn PondsVictoria3220Australia Data Science and AI EngineeringGroup Chief Information O CeLloyds Banking Group69 Morrison StEdinburghEH38BWUnited Kingdom

It is important to understand how ballistic materials respond to impact from projectiles such that informed decisions can be made in the design process of protective armour systems. Ballistic testing is a standards-based process where materials are tested to determine whether they meet protection, safety and performance criteria. For the V50ballistic test, projectiles are fired at different velocities to determine a key design parameter known as the ballistic limit velocity(BLV), the velocity above which projectiles perforate the target. these tests, however, are destructive by nature and as such there can be considerable associated costs, especially when studying complex armour materials and systems. this study proposes a unique solution to the problem using a recent class of machine learning system known as the Generative Adversarial Network(GAN). the GAN can be used to generate new ballistic samples as opposed to performing additional destructive experiments. A GAN network architecture is tested and trained on three different ballistic data sets, and their performance is compared. the trained networks were able to successfully produce ballistic curves with an overall RmSE of between 10 and 20 % and predicted the V50BLV in each case with an error of less than 5 %. the results demonstrate that it is possible to train generative networks on a limited number of ballistic samples and use the trained network to generate many new samples representative of the data that it was trained on. the paper spotlights the benefits that generative networks can bring to ballistic applications and provides an alternative to expensive testing during the early stages of the design process.

关键词： machine learning Generative Adversarial Networks GAN terminal ballistics Armour systems

δ^(18)O record and temperature change over the past 100 years in ice cores on the tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2006年第1期49卷 1-9页

作者： Lonnie thompson Byrd Polar Research Center the Ohio State UniviersityCohumbusOH 43210USBLaboratory of Environment and Process on Tibetan Plateau Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

the 213 m ice core from the Puruogangri Ice Field on the tibetan Plateau facilitates the study of the regional temperature changes with its δ18O record of the past 100 years. Here we combine information from this core with that from the Dasuopu ice core (from the southern tibetan Plateau), the Guliya ice core (from the northwestern Plateau) and the Dunde ice core (from the northeastern Plateau) to learn about the regional differences in temperature change across the tibetan Plateau. theδ18O changes vary with region on the Plateau, the variations being especially large between South and North and between East and West. moreover, these four ice cores present increasing δ18O trends, indicating warming on the tibetan Plateau over the past 100 years. A comparative study of Northern Hemisphere (NH) temperature changes, the δ18O-reflected temperature changes on the Plateau, and available meteorological records show consistent trends in overall warming during the past 100 years.

关键词： tibetan Plateau, ice core, temperature.

tHE EFFECt OF mINE tAILINGS ON tHE PRODUCtION OF PLANKtON

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1986年第3期5卷 417-423页

作者： t.R.PARSONS,P.thompson,WUYONG,C.m.LALLI,HOU SHUmIN,AND XU HUAISHU Department of Oceanography University of British Columbia Canado Department of Oceanography University of British Columbia Canado Department of Oceanography University of British Columbia Canado Department of Zoology University of British Colunbia Canada third Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Xiamen China Shandong College of Oceanology Qingdao China

mine tailings at levels of ca 30 and 300 ppm were added to two plankton communities contained in 60 ton Controlled Experimental Ecosystems (CEE); a third CEE was used as a control. the mine tailings caused (1) a delay in the primary productivity and chlorophyll a maxima; (2) a shift in the size spectrum of primary producers towards autotrophic flagellates compared with diatoms in the control; (3) a suppression of heterotrophic microflagellates; and (4) an increased production of zooplankton compared with the control. Zooplankton were observed to have consumed tailings but no changes were observed in the structure of the zooplankton community as a result of tailings additions.

关键词： tHE EFFECt OF mINE tAILINGS ON tHE PRODUCtION OF PLANKtON