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Sleep as a window to understand and regulate Alzheimer's disease:emerging roles of thalamic reticular nucleus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1711-1712页

作者： Haoqi Sun Shiqian Shen Robert J.thomas m.Brandon Westover Can Zhang Department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Center for translational Pain Research Department of AnesthesiaCritical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetis General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Genetics and Aging Research Unit McCance Center for Brain HealthMass General Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Introduction:Alzheimer 's disease(AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder and the primary cause of dementia. Considerable evidence supports the “amyloid hypothesis,” stating that the pathogenesis of AD is primarily caused by the deposition of amyloid-β(Aβ), which drives tau phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration in the brain. the amyloid hypothesis is strengthened by the significant and moderate benefit of lecanemab, a humanized antibody through an anti-amyloid mechanism,showing slowed clinical decline(van Dyck et al.,2023). the recent positive results of anti-amyloid trials have brought back focus on the amyloid hypothesis through biochemical, genetic, and pharmacological approaches(Zhang, 2023).

关键词： Alzheimer inflammation hypothesis

Reversed charge transfer induced by nickel in Fe-Ni/mo_(2)C@nitrogen-doped carbon nanobox for promoted reversible oxygen electrocatalysis

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 202-212,I0005页

作者： Zhicheng Nie Lei Zhang Qiliang Zhu Zhifan Ke Yingtang Zhou thomas Wågberg Guangzhi Hu School of materials Science and Engineering Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001AnhuiChina Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes School of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan UniversityKunming 650504YunnanChina National Engineering Research Center for marine Aquaculture Marine Science and Technology CollegeZhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushan 316004ZhejiangChina Department of Physics UmeåUniversityUmeåS-90187Sweden

the interaction between metal and support is critical in oxygen catalysis as it governs the charge transfer between these two entities,influences the electronic structures of the supported metal,affects the adsorption energies of reaction intermediates,and ultimately impacts the catalytic *** this study,we discovered a unique charge transfer reversal phenomenon in a metal/carbon nanohybrid ***,electrons were transferred from the metal-based species to N-doped carbon,while the carbon support reciprocally donated electrons to the metal domain upon the introduction of *** led to the exceptional electrocatalytic performances of the resulting Ni-Fe/mo_(2)C@nitrogen-doped carbon catalyst,with a half-wave potential of 0.91 V towards oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and a low overpotential of 290 m V at 10 mA cm^(-2)towards oxygen evolution reaction(OER)under alkaline ***,the Fe-Ni/mo_(2)C@carbon heterojunction catalyst demonstrated high specific capacity(794 mA h g_(Zn)~(-1))and excellent cycling stability(200 h)in a Zn-air *** calculations revealed that mo_(2)C effectively inhibited charge transfer from Fe to the support,while secondary doping of Ni induced a charge transfer reversal,resulting in electron accumulation in the Fe-Ni alloy *** local electronic structure modulation significantly reduced energy barriers in the oxygen catalysis process,enhancing the catalytic efficiency of both ORR and ***,our findings underscore the potential of manipulating charge transfer reversal between the metal and support as a promising strategy for developing highly-active and durable bi-functional oxygen electrodes.

关键词： metal-support interaction Charge transfer reversal Oxygen reduction reaction Oxygen evolution reaction Zinc-air battery

Alexa,let's train now!——A systematic review and classification approach to digital and home-based physical training interventions aiming to support healthy cognitive aging

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 30-46页

作者： Fabian Herold Paula theobald thomas Gronwald Navin Kaushal Liye Zou Eling D.de Bruin Louis Bherer Notger Gmüller Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases MovementFaculty of Health Sciences BrandenburgUniversity of PotsdamPotsdam 14476Germany Body-Brain-mind Laboratory Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Institute of Interdisciplinary Exercise Science and Sports medicine MSH Medical School HamburgHamburg 20457Germany Department of Health Sciences School of Health&Human SciencesIndiana UniversityIndianapolisIN 46202USA Department of Health Sciences and technology Institute of Human Movement Sciences and SportETH ZurichZurich 8093Switzerland Department of Neurobiology Care Sciencesand SocietyKarolinska InstituteStockholm 17177Sweden Department of Health OST-Eastern Swiss University of Applied SciencesSt.Gallen 9001Switzerland montreal Heart Institute MontrealQC H1T 1C8Canada Department of medicine Universite de MontrealMontrealQC H3T 1J4Canada Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Geriatrie de montreal MontrealQC H3W 1W5Canada

Background:there is mounting evidence that regular physical activity is an important prerequisite for healthy cognitive ***,the finding that almost one-third of the adult population does not reach the recommended level of regular physical activity calls for further public health *** this context,digital and home-based physical training interventions might be a promising alternative to center-based intervention ***,this systematic review aimed to summarize the current state of the literature on the effects of digital and home-based physical training interventions on adult cognitive ***:In this pre-registered systematic review(PROSPERO;ID:CRD42022320031),5 electronic databases(Pubmed,Web of Science,Psyclnfo,SPORtDiscus,and Cochrane Library)were searched by 2 independent researchers(FH and Pt)to identify eligible studies investigating the effects of digital and home-based physical training interventions on cognitive performance in *** systematic literature search yielded 8258 records(extra17 records from other sources),of which 27 controlled trials were considered *** reviewers(FH and Pt)independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias using a modified version of the tool for the assEssment of Study quality and reporting in EXercise(tEStEX scale).Results:Of the 27 reviewed studies,15 reported positive effects on cognitive and motor-cognitive outcomes(i.e.,performance improvements in measures of executive functions,working memory,and choice stepping reaction test),and a considerable heterogeneity concerning study-related,population-related,and intervention-related characteristics was noticed.A more detailed analysis suggests that,in particular,interventions using online classes and technology-based exercise devices(i.e.,step-based exergames)can improve cognitive performance in healthy older *** one-half of the reviewed studies were rated as having a high risk of bias with respect

关键词： Brain Cognition Digital health Exercise-cognition Physical activity

Numerical study of novel OmE_(1-6) combustion mechanism and spray combustion at changed ambient environments

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第4期18卷 483-505页

作者： Frederik WIESmANN Zeyan QIU Dong HAN Lukas StRAUβ Sebastian RIEβ michael WENSING thomas LAUER Institute of Powertrains and Automotive technology TU Wien1060 ViennaAustria Key Laboratory for Power machinery and Engineering of ministry of Education Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Professorship for Fluid Systems technology Friedrich-AlexanderUniversität Erlangen-Nürnberg91058 ErlangenGermany

For a climate-neutral future mobility,the socalled e-fuels can play an essential ***,oxygenated e-fuels containing oxygen in their chemical formula have the additional potential to burn with significantly lower soot *** particular,polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers or oxymethylene ethers(PODEs or OmEs)do not contain carbon-carbon bonds,prohibiting the production of soot precursors like acetylene(C_(2)H_(2)).these properties make OmEs a highly interesting candidate for future climate-neutral compression-ignition ***,to fully leverage their potential,the auto-ignition process,flame propagation,and mixing regimes of the combustion need to be *** achieve this,efficient oxidation mechanisms suitable for computational fluid dynamics(CFD)calculations must be developed and *** present work aims to highlight the improvements made by developing an adapted oxidation mechanism for OmE1-6 and introducing it into a validated spray combustion CFD model for *** simulations were conducted for single-and multi-injection patterns,changing ambient temperatures,and oxygen *** results were validated against high-pressure and high-temperature constantpressure chamber ****-chemiluminescence measurements accomplished the characterization of the auto-ignition *** experiments and simulations were conducted for two different *** improvements concerning the prediction of the ignition delay time were accomplished while also retaining an excellent agreement for the flame lift-off *** spatial zones of high-temperature reaction activity were also affected by the adaption of the reaction *** showed a greater tendency to form OH^(*) radicals within the center of the spray in accordance with the experiments.

关键词： oxygenated fuels reaction kinetics oxidation mechanisms computational fluid dynamics(CFD) oxymethylene ethers(OmE) e-fuels multiinjection spray-combustion

BLE beacons for sample position estimation in a life science automation laboratory

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transportation Safety and Environment 2024年第3期6卷 111-123页

作者： Haiping Wu Steffen Junginger thomas Roddelkopf Hui Liu Kerstin thurow Institute of Artificial Intelligence&Robotics(IAIR) Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of EducationSchool of Traffic and Transportation EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha 410075HunanChina Institute of Automation(IAt) University of Rostock18119 RostockGermany Center of Life Science Automation(celisca) University of Rostock18119 RostockGermany

Estimation of the sample position is essential for working process monitoring and management in the life science automation lab*** low-energy(BLE)beacons have the advantages of low price,small size and low energy consumption,which make them a promising solution for sample position estimation in the automated *** fingerprinting models have been proposed to achieve indoor localization with the received signal strength(RSS)***,most of the research depends on intensive beacon *** estimation,which depends entirely on one beacon,is more suitable for sample position estimation in large automated *** complexity of the life science automation laboratory environment brings challenges to the traditional path loss model(PLm),which is a widely used radio wave propagation model-based proximity estimation *** this paper,BLE sensing devices for sample position estimation are *** BLE beacon-based proximity estimation is discussed in the framework of machine learning,in which the support vector regression(SVR)is utilized to model the nonlinear relationship between the RSS data and distance,and the Kalman filter is utilized to decrease the RSS data *** experimental results over different environments indicate that the SVR outperforms the PLm significantly,and provides 1 m absolute errors for more than 95%of the testing *** Kalman filter brings benefits to stable distance *** from proximity-based sample position estimation,the proposed framework turned out to be effective in position estimation between parallel workbenches and position estimation on an automated workstation.

关键词： BLE beacon position estimation proximity estimation received signal strength(RSS) support vector regression(SVR) life science automation laboratory

A simulation study on spatial and time resolution for a cost-effective positron emission particle tracking system

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 312-322页

作者： Josephine Oppotsch matthias Steinke miriam Fritsch Fritz-Herbert Heinsius thomas Held Nikoline Hilse Viktor Scherer Ulrich Wiedner Ruhr-Universität Bochum Institut für Experimentalphysik I44801 BochumGermany Ruhr-Universität Bochum Lehrstuhl für Energieanlagen und Energieprozesstechnik44801 BochumGermany

this work is the second part of a simulation study investigating the processing of densely packed and moving granular assemblies by positron emission particle tracking (PEPt).Since medical positron emission tomography (PEt) scanners commonly used for PEPt are very expensive,a PEt-like detector system based on cost-effective organic plastic scintillator bars is being developed and tested for its *** this context,the spatial resolution of a resting positron source,a source moving on a freely designed model path,and a particle motion given by a discrete element method (DEm) simulation is studied using monte Carlo simulations and the software toolkit *** not only extended the simulation and reconstruction to a moving source but also significantly improved the spatial resolution compared to previous work by adding oversampling and iteration to the reconstruction ***,in the case of a source following a trajectory developed from DEm simulations,a very good resolution of about 1 mm in all three directions and an average 3D deviation between simulated and reconstructed events of 2.3 mm could be ***,the resolution for realistic particle motion within the generic grate system (which is the test rig for further experimental studies) is well below the smallest particle *** simulation of the dependence of the reconstruction accuracy on tracer particle location revealed a nearly constant efficiency within the entire detector system,which demonstrates that boundary effects can be neglected.

关键词： Positron emission particle tracking monte Carlo method time-of-flight Plastic scintillators Silicon photomultipliers(SiPms)

Enhanced diagnostic workup increases pathological findings in patients with acute ischaemic stroke:results of the prospective HEBRAS study

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第2期9卷 145-152,I0414-I0425页

作者： Simon Hellwig thomas Krause Jan F Scheitz Juliane Herm Ulrike Grittner Nadja Jauert Jochen B Fiebach mario Kasner Wolfram Doehner matthias Endres Rolf Wachter thomas Elgeti Christian H Nolte Karl Georg Haeusler Department of Neurology with Experimental Neurology Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlincorporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany Center for Stroke Research Berlin BerlinGermany Berlin Institute of Health at Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin BIH Biomedical Innovation AcademyBerlinGermany Department of Neurology Jüdisches Krankenhaus BerlinBerlinGermany German Center for Cardiovascular Diseases(DZHK) Partner Site BerlinBerlinGermany Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany BIH Center for Regenerative therapies(BCRt) Berlin Institute of Health at Charité–Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany Department of Cardiology Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany Department of Cardiology Campus Benjamin FranklinCharité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases(DZNE) Partner Site BerlinBerlinGermany Department of Cardiology University Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany Department of Radiology Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany Department of Neurology University Hospital WürzburgWürzburgGermany

Background Stroke aetiology remains cryptogenic in a relevant proportion of patients with acute ischaemic stroke(AIS).We assessed whether enhanced diagnostic workup after AIS yields a higher rate of prespecified pathological findings compared with routine diagnostic care *** Hospitalised patients with AIS were prospectively enrolled in the investigator-initiated observational HEart and BRain Interfaces in Acute Ischaemic Stroke(HEBRAS)study at the Charité,Berlin,*** with AIS without known atrial fibrillation(AF)underwent cardiovascular mR imaging(CmR),mR-angiography of the aortic arch and prolonged Holter-ECG monitoring on top of routine diagnostic *** Among 356 patients with AIS(mean age 66 years,37.6%female),enhanced workup yielded a higher rate of prespecified pathological findings compared with routine care(17.7%vs 5.3%;ptly,fewer patients were classified as cryptogenic after enhanced diagnostic workup(38.5%vs 45.5%,ptine care included echocardiography in 228(64.0%)*** was successfully performed in 292(82.0%)patients and revealed more often a prespecified pathological finding compared with routine echocardiography(16.1%vs 5.3%).Furthermore,study-related ECG monitoring(median duration 162 hours(IQR 98–210))detected AF in 16(4.5%)patients,while routine monitoring(median duration 51 hours(IQR 34–74))detected AF in seven(2.0%)*** Enhanced diagnostic workup revealed a higher rate of prespecified pathological findings in patients with AIS compared with routine diagnostic care and significantly reduced the proportion of patients with cryptogenic *** registration number NCt02142413.

关键词： routine patients prospective

A simulation study for a cost-effective PEt-like detector system intended to track particles in granular assemblies

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 117-125页

作者： Josephine Oppotsch Antonios Athanassiadis miriam Fritsch Fritz-Herbert Heinsius thomas Held Nikoline Hilse Viktor Scherer matthias Steinke Ulrich Wiedner Ruhr-Universität Bochum Institut für Experimentalphysik I44801 BochumGermany Ruhr-Universität Bochum Lehrstuhl für Energieanlagen und Energieprozesstechnik44801 BochumGermany

Since many industrial applications rely on the processing of densely packed and moving granular ma-terial,obtaining bulk internal information on the particle movement inside the reactors is of great *** information can be delivered by Positron Emission Particle tracking(PEPt).By marking pellets with a positron-emitting radioisotope,the position of these tracer particles can be determined via the time-of-flight differences of the emitted gamma-ray *** current paper proposes a PEt-like detector system based on cost-effective organic plastic scintillators instead of the more common but expensive inorganic *** system is currently under construction and was tested for its resolution and efficiency in this simulation *** monte Carlo simulations and the software toolkit Geant4,three different geometries(an empty glass box,a generic grate system,and a cubic box of 1 m3 completely filled with pellets)were investigated,leading to a spatial resolution in the millimeter range and an efficiency,defined as the ratio of reconstructed decay locations to simulated decays,of 2.7%,1.4%,and 0.3%.

关键词： Positron emission particle tracking Geant4 monte Carlo method time-of-flight Plastic scintillators Silicon photomultipliers(SiPms)

tuning beneficial calcineurin phosphatase activation to counterα-synuclein toxicity in a yeast model of Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 199-200页

作者： Srishti Chawla mikael molin thomas Nystrom Institute for Biomedicine Sahlgrenska AcademyCentre for Ageing and Health-AgeCapUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden Department of Life Sciences Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburgSweden

Calcineurin(CN)is a calcium-and calmodulindependent serine/threonine that has been studied in many model organisms including yeast,filamentous fungi,plants,and *** biological functions range from ion homeostasis and virulence in lower eukaryotes to t-cell activation in humans by human nuclear factors of activated *** is a heterodimeric protein consisting of a catalytic subunit,calcineurin A(Cna1p),which contains an active site with a dinuclear metal center,and a regulatory Ca^(2+) binding subunit called calcineurin B(Cnb1p)required to activate *** calcineurin B subunit has been highly conserved through evolution:For example,the mammalian calcineurin B shows 54%identity with calcineurin B from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

关键词： activation dinuclear conserved