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Numerical study of novel OME_(1-6) combustion mechanism and spray combustion at changed ambient environments

Frontiers in Energy 2024年第4期18卷 483-505页

作者： Frederik WIESMANN Zeyan QIU Dong HAN Lukas STRAUβ Sebastian RIEβ Michael WENSING thomas lauer Institute of Powertrains and Automotive Technology TU Wien1060 ViennaAustria Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Professorship for Fluid Systems Technology Friedrich-AlexanderUniversität Erlangen-Nürnberg91058 ErlangenGermany

For a climate-neutral future mobility,the socalled e-fuels can play an essential ***,oxygenated e-fuels containing oxygen in their chemical formula have the additional potential to burn with significantly lower soot *** particular,polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers or oxymethylene ethers(PODEs or OMEs)do not contain carbon-carbon bonds,prohibiting the production of soot precursors like acetylene(C_(2)H_(2)).These properties make OMEs a highly interesting candidate for future climate-neutral compression-ignition ***,to fully leverage their potential,the auto-ignition process,flame propagation,and mixing regimes of the combustion need to be *** achieve this,efficient oxidation mechanisms suitable for computational fluid dynamics(CFD)calculations must be developed and *** present work aims to highlight the improvements made by developing an adapted oxidation mechanism for OME1-6 and introducing it into a validated spray combustion CFD model for *** simulations were conducted for single-and multi-injection patterns,changing ambient temperatures,and oxygen *** results were validated against high-pressure and high-temperature constantpressure chamber ****-chemiluminescence measurements accomplished the characterization of the auto-ignition *** experiments and simulations were conducted for two different *** improvements concerning the prediction of the ignition delay time were accomplished while also retaining an excellent agreement for the flame lift-off *** spatial zones of high-temperature reaction activity were also affected by the adaption of the reaction *** showed a greater tendency to form OH^(*) radicals within the center of the spray in accordance with the experiments.

关键词： oxygenated fuels reaction kinetics oxidation mechanisms computational fluid dynamics(CFD) oxymethylene ethers(OME) e-fuels multiinjection spray-combustion

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Canonical Workflow for Experimental Research

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Data Intelligence 2022年第2期4卷 155-172页

作者： Dirk Betz Claudia Biniossek Christophe Blanchi Felix Henninger thomas lauer Philipp Wieder Peter Wittenburg Martin Zunkeler TIB-Leibniz Information Centrefor Science and Technology Welfengarten 1B30167 HannoverGermany Center for Empirical Research in Economics and Behavioral Sciences(CEREB) University of ErfurtNordhauser Str.6399089 ErfurtGermany DONA Foundation C/O Universitede GeneveRuedu General-Dufour 241204 GeneveSwitzerland Statistics and Data Science in Social Sciences and the Humanities Department of StatisticsLudwig-Maximilians-University MunchenLudwigstr.3380539 MunchenGermany GWDG Burckhardtweg 437077 GotingenGermany FDO Forum Gemeindeweg 5547533 KleveGermany 7KAIROS Bochum UniversitatsstraBe 13644799 BochumGermany

The overall expectation of introducing Canonical Workflow for Experimental Research and FAIR digital objects(FDOs)can be summarised as reducing the gap between workflow technology and research practices to make experimental work more efficient and improve FAIRness without adding administrative load on the *** this document,we will describe,with the help of an example,how CWFR could work in detail and improve research *** have chosen the example of"experiments with human subjects"which stretches from planning an experiment to storing the collected data in a *** we focus on experiments with human subjects,we are convinced that CWFR can be applied to many other data generation processes based on *** main challenge is to identify repeating patterns in existing research practices that can be abstracted to create *** this document,we will include detailed examples from different disciplines to demonstrate that CWFR can be implemented without violating specific disciplinary or methodological *** do not claim to be comprehensive in all aspects,since these examples are meant to prove the concept of CWFR.

关键词： Experiments Experimental economics FAIR digital objects Information science FAIR research output

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Coarctation of aorta with complete aortic occlusion

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2013年第4期10卷 383-385页

作者： Marc-Alexander Ohlow Bernward lauer Department of Cardiology Zentralklinik Bad Berka Robert-Koch-Allee 999437 Bad Berka Germany

Survival to advanced age is exceptional in patients with unrepaired aortic coarctation. We report the case of an 81-year-old man with aortic coarctation and total occlusion who was otherwise asymptomatic. Coarctation was suspected when a femoral-radial pulse delay was noted during his routine physical examination. A 70-mmHg systolic blood.

关键词： Aortic occlusion Coarctation of the aorta Congenital heart disease

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Complex Effective Relative Permittivity of Soil Samples from the Taunus Region (Germany)

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Journal of Earth Science 2010年第6期21卷 961-967页

作者： Katja lauer Christian Albrecht Christina Salat Peter Felix-Henningsen Institute of Soil Science and Soil Conservation Research Centre for BioSystems Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ) Justus-Liebig-University Giessen Department of Underground Space for Storage and Economic Use Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources

The most important parameter affecting ground-penetrating radar （GPR） measurements is the complex effective relative permittivity εr^＊,eff because it controls the propagation velocity and the reflection of GPR pulses. Knowing εr^＊,eff of soils passed through by electromagnetic waves increases accuracy in soil thickness and interface identification. Complex effective relative permittivity εr^＊,eff= εr^＊,eff - jεr^＊,effof 25 soil samples with textures ranging from loamy sand to silty clay was measured using the two-electrode parallelplate method. The measurements were conducted at defined water contents for frequencies from 1 MHz to 3 GHz. The results confirm the frequency dependence of εr^＊,eff and show that the dielectric behavior of soil-water mixtures is a function of water content. Applying the experimental data of this study with predictions based on the empirical model by Toppet aL （1980）, we find that Topp et aL＇s curve tends to underestimate the real part of εr^＊,eff measured. Along with frequency and water content, soil texture and organic matter affect soil permittivity. Moreover, the real part of εr^＊,eff increases at higher dry bulk densities. Output from our calibration model enables us to predict εr^＊,eff for the soil samples which were tested under the actual in situ soil water content. This results in high accuracy of soil thickness prediction.

关键词： ground-penetrating radar (GPR) complex effective relative permittivity soil sample.

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Routing through open spaces-A performance comparison of algorithms

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2018年第3期21卷 247-256页

作者： Stefan Hahmann Jakob Miksch Bernd Resch Johannes lauer Alexander Zipf GIScience Research Group Institute of GeographyHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany Fraunhofer IVI Fraunhofer Institute for Transportation and Infrastructure SystemsDresdenGermany Department of Geoinformatics-Z_GIS University of SalzburgAustria Center for Geographic Analysis Harvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA HERE GmbH&Co KG Schwalbach am TaunusGermany

Finding the shortest path through open spaces is a well-known challenge for pedestrian routing engines.A common solution is routing on the open space boundary,which causes in most cases an unnecessarily long route.A possible alternative is to create a subgraph within the open *** paper assesses this approach and investigates its implications for routing engines.A number of algorithms(Grid,Spider-Grid,Visibility,Delaunay,Voronoi,Skeleton)have been evaluated by four different criteria:(i)Number of additional created graph edges,(ii)additional graph creation time,(iii)route computation time,(iv)routing *** show that each algorithm has advantages and disadvantages depending on the use *** identify the algorithms Visibility with a reduced number of edges in the subgraph and Spider-Grid with a large grid size to be a good compromise in many scenarios.

关键词： OpenStreetMap routing open space navigation pedestrian polygon

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Social problems and the quality of life 9th ed.

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2004年

作者： Robert H.lauer Jeanette C.lauer

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Geographic and health system correlates of interprofessional oral health practice

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2018年第2期6卷 77-84页

作者： Sean G.Boynes Abigail lauer Amy Martin Office of Interprofessional Practice The DentaQuest InstituteWestboroughMAUSA Department of Public Health Services Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA Division of Population Oral Health Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA

Objective:This study explores geographic,system,and organizational constructs that predict medical care teams’willingness to administer fluoride varnish and conduct oral health risk ***:A cross-sectional survey of voluntary health professionals attending trainings on interprofessional oral health practice was completed at ten meetings across the United States from April through September,*** and multivariate analyses were used to examine un-known correlates of oral health prevention and intervention at geographic,organizational,and sys-tem levels relating to the impact of referral mechanisms and systems as well as health information technology on fluoride varnish administration and risk-based oral ***:A convenience cohort(n=560)from 44 states was ***(68.7%,n=385)agreed with the dependent variable“medical providers at our site,or part of our network,are admin-istering fluoride varnish and identifying oral health risk factors in the majority of patients seen.”In bivariate analysis,organization type(P=0.0067),having successful referral systems(P<0.0001),and electronic health record(EHR)utility(P<0.0001)were associated with the dependent *** geographic indicators were *** referral system indicators were significant in multivariate *** referrals(P<0.0001),EHR utility(P=0.0054),and type of re-ferral(P=0.0009)were predictors of the dependent *** odds of those reporting a depend-able referral system and dependent variable agreement were 4.5 times greater than for those who lacked dependable referral systems(odds ratio 4.54,confidence interval 2.79-7.39).The odds of those who had dependable EHRs and dependent variable agreement were 2.4 times greater than for those who lacked useful EHRs(odds ratio 2.4,confidence interval 1.29-4.37).Conclusion:The dependability of medical-to-dental referral systems and processes impacts the administration of fluoride varnish and identification

关键词： Oral health referral management risk-based care population health coordinated care

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Predictors of long-term outcome in patients with biopsy proven inflammatory cardiomyopathy

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2018年第5期15卷 363-371页

作者： Ohlow Marc-Alexander Michel Christoph Ting-Hui Chen Schmidt Andreas Saenger Joerg lauer Bernward Brunelli Michele Department of Cardiology Zentralklinik Bad Berka Germany Institute of Pathology Zentralklinik Bad Berka Germany Department of Cardiology Staedtisehes Klinikum Magdeburg Germany

Background The objective of this study was to identify prognostic indicators in patients with inflammatory cardiomyopathy （iCM） on endomyocardial biopsy （EMB）. Methods and results Between 2007 and 2011 all consecutive patients with diagnosed with iCM at EMB were retrospectively analyzed. The combined primary endpoint （EP）（1E°P） was cardiac death, aborted sudden cardiac death/appropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator （ICD） shock, progressive heart failure requiring left venWicular assist device （LVAD） implantation and heart transplantation. 503 patients （mean age 58 ° 12 years, 73% male） were available for analysis. Genomes of cardiotrophic viruses were detected in 396 patients （79%） and immuno-histochemical signs of inflammation were present in 223 individuals （44%）. After 3.6 ° 2.4 years of follow-up, cardiac mortality was 3.0% （n = 14） and a total of 8.6% （n = 40） reached the primary endpoint. Independent predictors for the 1 °EP were： age 〉 50 years, presence and duration （〈 28 days） of symptomatic heart failure. A risk stratification approach based on the results of the multivariate analysis demonstrated that absence of signs and/or symptoms of congestive heart failure in younger （〈 50 years） patients with longer （〉 28 days） duration of disease appear to have an excellent prognosis with 100% survival and no events during follow-up The presence of all above mentioned independent risk factors results in an 1°EP occurrence of 35.9%. Conclusions Symptoms of heart fail- ure, short duration of disease, and older age are indicators of poor outcome in patients with iCM.

关键词： Endomyocardial biopsy Inflammatory cardiomyopathy Outcome

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Find Your Path to Excellence

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空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2010年第11期 33-35,47,48页

作者： Chris lauer

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Second-generation direct-acting-antiviral hepatitis C virus treatment: Efficacy, safety, and predictors of SVR12

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第35期22卷 8050-8059页

作者： Christoph R Werner Julia M Schwarz Daniel P Egetemeyr Robert Beck Nisar P Malek Ulrich M lauer Christoph P Berg Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Infectiology University Hospital Tübingen Institute of Medical Virology University Hospital Tübingen

AIM To gather data on the antiviral efficacy and safety of second generation direct acting antiviral(DAA) treatment with respect to sustained virological response(SVR) 12 wk after conclusion of treatment, and to determine predictors of SVR12 in this *** Two hundred and sixty patients treated with SOF combination partners PR(n = 51), R(n = 10), SMV(n = 30), DCV(n = 81), LDV(n = 73), or 3D(n = 15).144/260 were pre-treated, 89/260 had liver cirrhosis, 56/260 had portal hypertension with platelets < 100/nL, 25/260 had a MELD score ≥ 10 and 17/260 were postliver transplantation patients. 194/260 had HCV GT1, 44/260 HCV *** Two hundred and forty/256(93.7%) patients achieved SVR12(m ITT); 4/260 were lost to follow-up. SVR12 rates for subgroups were: 92% for SOF/DCV, 93% for each SOF/SMV, SOF/PR, 94% for SOF/LDV, 100% for 3D, 94% for pretreated, 87% for liver cirrhosis, 82% for patients with platelets < 100/n L, 88% post-liver transplantation, 95% for GT1 a, 93% for GT1 b, 90% for GT3, 100% for GT2, 4, and 6. 12 patients suffered from relapse, 6 prematurely discontinued treatment, of which 4 died. Negative predictors of SVR12 were a platelet count < 100/nL, MELD score ≥ 10(P < 0.0001), liver cirrhosis(P = 0.005) at baseline. In Interferonfree treatment GT3 had significantly lower SVR rates than GT1(P = 0.016). Side effects were mild. CONCLUSION Excellent SVR12 rates and the favorable side-effect profile of DAA-combination therapy can be well translated into "real-world". Patients with advanced liver disease, signs of portal hypertension, especially with platelets < 100/n L and patients with GT3 are in special need for further research efforts to overcome comparatively higher rates of virological failure.

关键词： Sofosbuvir Simeprevir Ledipasvir Hepatitis C Liver transplant Sustained virological response Liver cirrhosis Side effects Resistance Daclatasvir

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