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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2017年第5期14卷 331-337页

作者： thomas colin campbell Emeritus of Nutritional Biochemistry Cornell University 8 Fiddlers Green Lansing NY 14882 USA.

Dietary ＇fat＇（e.g., oils, triglycerides, cholesterol） haslong been considered a major risk factor for cardiovascularand related diseases. As reviewed elsewhere,Vogel in1847 identified cholesterol as a major compo... 详细信息

关键词： Cardiovascular disease Cholesterol Dietary protein

Comparison of carbon-stock changes, eddycovariance carbon fluxes and model estimates in coastal Douglas-fir stands in British Columbia

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Forest Ecosystems 2015年第2期2卷 104-122页

作者： colin J Ferster JA (Tony) Trofymow Nicholas C Coops Baozhang Chen thomas Andrew Black Department of Forest Resources Management University of British Columbia Canadian Forest Service (Pacific Forestry Centre) Natural Resources Canada Department of Biology University of Victoria Faculty of Land and Food Systems University of British Columbia

Background： The global network of eddy-covariance （EC） flux-towers has improved the understanding of the terrestrial carbon （C） cycle, however, the network has a relatively limited spatial extent compared to forest inventory data and plots. Developing methods to use inventory-based and EC flux measurements together with modeling approaches is necessary evaluate forest C dynamics across broad spatial extents. Methods： Changes in C stock change （AC） were computed based on repeated measurements of forest inventory plots and compared with separate measurements of cumulative net ecosystem productivity （~NEP） over four years （2003 - 2006） for Douglas-fir （Pseudotsuga menzies# var menziesil} dominated regeneration （HDF00）, juvenile （HDF88 and HDF90） and near-rotation （DF49） aged stands （6, 18, 20, 57 years old in 2006, respectively） in coastal British Columbia. AC was determined from forest inventory plot data alone, and in a hybrid approach using inventory data along with litter fall data and published decay equations to determine the change in detrital pools. These AC-based estimates were then compared with Y_NEP measured at an eddy-covariance flux-tower （EC-flux） and modelled by the Carbon Budget Model - Canadian Forest Sector （CBM-CFS3） using historic forest inventory and forest disturbance data. Footprint analysis was used with remote sensing, soils and topography data to evaluate how well the inventory plots represented the range of stand conditions within the area of the flux-tower footprint and to spatially scale the plot data to the area of the EC-flux and model based estimates, Results： The closest convergence among methods was for the juvenile stands while the largest divergences were for the regenerating clearcut, followed by the near-rotation stand. At the regenerating clearcut, footprint weighting of CBM-CFS3 TNEP increased convergence with EC flux Z_NEP, but not for AC. While spatial scaling and footprint weighting did not increase convergence for AC, they d

关键词： Forest carbon Micrometeorology Blometry Remote sensing Geographic information systems

Bacterobilia in pancreatic surgery-conclusions for perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第41期25卷 6238-6247页

作者： colin Markus Kruger Ulrich Adam thomas Adam Axel Kramer Claus D Heidecke Frank Makowiec Hartwig Riediger Department of Surgery Immanuel Hospital RüdersdorfBerlin 15562Germany Department of General Surgery Vivantes-Humboldt hospitalBerlin 13503Germany Department of Microbiology Labor Berlin GmbHBerlin 13353Germany Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine University Medicine GreifswaldGreifswald 17495Mecklenburg VorpommernGermany Department of Surgery Clinic of GeneralVisceralVascular and Thoracic SurgeryUniversity Medicine GreifswaldGreifswald 17475Mecklenburg VorpommernGermany Section of clinical risk assessment University hospital of FreiburgFreiburg 79106Baden-WürttembergGermany

BACKGROUND Jaundice or preoperative cholestasis(PC)are typical symptoms of pancreatic *** 50%of patients undergo preoperative biliary drainage(PBD)*** is a common cause of bacterobilia(BB)and is a known surgical site infection risk *** adjustment of preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis(PAP)may be reasonable according to the profile of *** this,we examined the microbiological findings in routine series of *** To investigate the incidence and profile of biliary bacterial colonization in patients undergoing pancreatic head *** In the period from January 2009 to December 2015,285 consecutive pancreatic head resections were *** for surgery were malignancy(71%),chronic pancreatitis(18%),and others(11%).A PBD was in 51%and PC was in 42%.The standard PAP was ampicillin/***,a smear was taken from the hepatic *** analysis of the isolated species and resistograms was *** were categorized according to the presence or absence of PC(PC+/PC-)and PBD(PBD+/PBD-)into four *** efficiency was analyzed for standard PAP and possible *** BB was present in 150 patients(53%).BB was significantly more frequent in PBD+(n=120)than in PBD-(n=30),P<*** was present both in patients with PC and without PC:(PBD-/PC-:18%,PBD-/PC+:30%,PBD+/PC-:88%,PBD+/PC+:80%).BB was more frequent in malignancy(56%)than in chronic pancreatitis(45%).PBD,however,was the only independent risk factor in multivariate *** total,357 pathogens(342 bacteria and 15 fungi)were *** five most common groups(n=256,74.8%)were Enterococcus spp.(28.4%),Streptococcus spp.(16.9%),Klebsiella spp.(12.6%),Escherichia coli(10.5%),and Enterobacter spp.(6.4%).A polymicrobial BB(PBD+:77% vs PBD-:40%,P<0.01)and a more frequent detection of Enterococcus(P<0.05)was significantly associated with PBD+.In PBD+,the efficiency of imipenem and piperacillin/tazobactam was significantl

关键词： Pancreatic surgery Bacteriobilia Antibiotic prophylaxis Cholestasis Cholangiopancreatography Endoscopic retrograde

Mortality of a Wild King Cobra, Ophiophagus hannah Cantor, 1836(Serpentes: Elapidae) from Northeast Thailand after Ingesting a Plastic Bag

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Asian Herpetological Research 2014年第4期5卷 284-286页

作者： colin thomas STRINE Inês SILVA Matthew CRANE Bartosz NADOLSKI Taksin ARTCHAWAKOM Matt GOODE Pongthep SUWANWAREE Suranaree University of Technology Sakaerat Environmental Research Station School of Natural Resources and Environment University of Arizona

Wild King Cobras, Ophiophagus hannah, are known to prey almost exclusively on snakes. We observed opportunistic ingestion of a plastic bag by a radio-tracked adult male O. hannah, which was detrimental to the health of the individual and likely lead to its death. Our observation demonstrates that improper disposal of food and plastic waste can be a threat to snakes, highlighting the need to maintain a waste-free environment, especially in areas inhabited by vulnerable species.

关键词： Garbage Sakaerat Snake Waste King Cobra Ophiophagus hannah

Pharmacogenetic Treatments for Alcohol and Stimulants

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Pharmacogenetic Treatments for Alcohol and Stimulants

酒精和精神兴奋剂依赖的遗传药理学治疗(英文)

自主创新与持续增长第十一届中国科协年会

作者： thomas R.Kosten Therese Kosten colin Haile Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Baylor College of Medicine

Pharmacogenetics uses genetic tests to predict the effectiveness of medication treatments for individual patients with drug dependence such as alcohol and opiates. An important shared neurobiological component of the reinforcement and dependence on alcohol and opiates is alcohol’s enhancement of β- endorphin release. The physiological and subjective effects of both alcohol and opiates are associated with β-endorphin and the mu opiate system. A pharmacotherapy that has been effective for both disorders is naltrexone, which increases baseline β-endorphin release blocking further release by alcohol. Naltrexone’s action as an alcohol pharmacotherapy is facilitated by a putative functional single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the opioid mu receptor gene (Al18G) which alters its receptor function. Patients with this SNP have significantly lower relapse rates to alcoholism when treated with naltrexone. This SNP is particularly common among northern Chinese suggesting an important role for naltrexone treatment of alcoholism in China. Another important genetic polymorphism related to stimulant and perhaps other types of dependence frequently occurs (about 40% of the population) in the promoter region of the gene coding for dopamine beta hydroxylase (DβH). This polymorphism leads to 10 to 100 times lower levels of the DβH enzyme, which converts dopamine to norepinephrine in neurons. Stimulant abusers with normal levels of this enzyme show significant reductions in stimulant abuse when treated with DβH inhibitors, while those with the polymorphism for low DβH levels show no treatment efficacy with these medications. Pharmacogenetics has great potential for improving treatment outcome as we identify gene variants that affect pharmacodynamic as well as the more commonly studied pharmacokinetic factors. These mutations can guide pharmacotherapeutic agent choice for optimum treatment of alcohol and stimulant abuse and reduce relapse after successful initial abstinence.

关键词： pharmacogenetic treatments alcohol stimulants

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中国药物依赖性杂志 2009年第4期18卷 241-248,282页

作者： thomas R.KOSTEN Therese KOSTEN colin HAILE Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Baylor College of Medicine

遗传药理学使用基因检测的方法预测药物治疗对酒精或阿片类物质依赖患者个体的有效性。酒精和阿片类物质产生强化效应和依赖的共同神经生物学基础是增加β-内啡肽释放。酒精和阿片类物质引起的生理和主观效应都与β-内啡肽和μ阿片受体... 详细信息

遗传药理学使用基因检测的方法预测药物治疗对酒精或阿片类物质依赖患者个体的有效性。酒精和阿片类物质产生强化效应和依赖的共同神经生物学基础是增加β-内啡肽释放。酒精和阿片类物质引起的生理和主观效应都与β-内啡肽和μ阿片受体有密切的关系。纳曲酮治疗是一种对酒精和阿片依赖均有效的治疗方法,其能增加β-内啡肽的基础释放量,从而抑制酒精引起的β-内啡肽进一步释放。纳曲酮在治疗酒精依赖中的作用被认为与μ阿片受体基因(Al18G)的功能性单核苷酸多态性(SNP)有关。具有这种单核苷酸多态性的酒精依赖患者使用纳曲酮治疗后复发率低。这种单核苷酸多态性在中国北方人中较为常见,因此提示了纳曲酮治疗酒精依赖在中国的重要性。另一个与精神活性物质或其他药物依赖相关的重要基因多态性多发生于编码多巴胺β-羟化酶(DβH)基因的启动子区域。这种基因多态性可导致多巴胺β-羟化酶水平降低10 -100倍,使神经元中的多巴胺转化为去甲肾上腺素。多巴胺β-羟化酶水平正常的精神活性物质依赖患者采用多巴胺β-羟化酶抑制剂治疗能明显减少药物滥用,而多巴胺β-羟化酶水平低的患者采用该疗法治疗无效。遗传药理学在改善治疗效果方面有巨大的潜力。我们已经鉴别出能影响药效学和药代动力学因素的基因变异体。这些变异能够指导药物治疗的选择,使酒精和精神活性物质滥用患者得到最优化的治疗,降低戒断后的复吸率。

关键词：遗传药理学治疗酒精兴奋剂

Future for inertial-fusion energy in Europe:a roadmap

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2023年第6期11卷 162-192页

作者： Dimitri Batani Arnaud Colaitis Fabrizio Consoli colin N.Danson Leonida Antonio Gizzi Javier Honrubia thomas Kühl Sebastien Le Pape Jean-Luc Miquel Jose Manuel Perlado R.H.H.Scott Michael Tatarakis Vladimir Tikhonchuk Luca Volpe Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications(CELIA) Universitéde Bordeaux±CNRS±CEATalence cedexFrance ENEA Fusion and Technology for Nuclear Safety and Security DepartmentC.R.FrascatiFrascatiItaly AWE AldermastonReadingUK Centre for Inertial Fusion Studies Blackett LaboratoryImperial College LondonLondonUK Istituto Nazionale di Ottica Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(CNR-INO)PisaItaly ETSIAE Universidad Politecnica de Madrid MadridSpain GSI-Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH DarmstadtGermany Laboratoire pour l’Utilisation des Lasers Intenses(LULI) CNRS±Ecole PolytechniquePalaiseau cedexFrance ALP Le BarpFrance and CEA/DAMÎle de FranceBruyères le ChâtelArpajon cedexFrance Instituto Fusión NuclearªGuillermo Velardeº(IFN-GV) Universidad Politecnica de MadridMadridSpain Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryHarwell OxfordOxfordshireUK Institute of Plasma Physics and Lasers University Research and Innovation CentreHellenic Mediterranean UniversityRethymnoCreteGreece Department of Electronic Engineering School of EngineeringHellenic Mediterranean UniversityChaniaCreteGreece Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC ELI-Beamlines FacilityDolníBÏrežanyCzech Republic Centro de Laseres Pulsados(CLPU) Parque CientificoVillamayorSalamancaSpain

The recent achievement of fusion ignition with laser-driven technologies at the National Ignition Facility sets a historic accomplishment in fusion energy *** accomplishment paves the way for using laser inertial fusion as a viable approach for future energy *** has a unique opportunity to empower research in this field internationally,and the scientific community is eager to engage in this *** propose establishing a European programme on inertial-fusion energy with the mission to demonstrate laser-driven ignition in the direct-drive scheme and to develop pathway technologies for the commercial fusion *** proposed roadmap is based on four complementary axes:(ⅰ)the physics of laser-plasma interaction and burning plasmas;(ⅱ)high-energy high repetition rate laser technology;(ⅲ)fusion reactor technology and materials;and(ⅳ)reinforcement of the laser fusion community by international education and training *** foresee collaboration with universities,research centres and industry and establishing joint activities with the private sector involved in laser *** project aims to stimulate a broad range of high-profile industrial developments in laser,plasma and radiation technologies along with the expected high-level socio-economic impact.

关键词： education and training fusion reactor technology high-energy laser high repetition rate laser inertial confinement fusion laser-plasma interaction public-private partnership radiation resistant materials

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中国健康调查报告

中国健康调查报告

Targeted therapy for capillary-venous malformations

2006年

作者：（美）T. 柯林·坎贝尔（T. colin campbell）（美）托马斯·M. 坎贝尔 II（thomas M. Campbe II）张宇晖译

本书是有史以来规模最庞大的关于膳食、生活方式与疾病死亡率的流行病学研究。书中对膳食和疾病的关系进行了深入研究，其中提出的动物蛋白对人体有害这一结论是令人惊奇的。

关键词：膳食(学科: 关系学科: 疾病学科: 调查报告地点: 中国) 膳食疾病调查报告

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第7期9卷 3024-3039页

作者： Lola Zerbib Sophia Ladraa Antoine Fraissenon Charles Bayard Marina Firpion Quitterie Venot Sanela Protic Clément Hoguin Amandine thomas Sylvie Fraitag Jean-Paul Duong Sophie Kaltenbach Estelle Balducci coline Lefevre Patrick Villarese Vahid Asnafi Christine Broissand Nicolas Goudin Ivan Nemazanyy Gwennhael Autret Bertrand Tavitian Christophe Legendre Nadia Arzouk Veronique Minard-colin Caroline Chopinet Michael Dussiot Denise MAdams Tristan Mirault Laurent Guibaud Paul Isenring Guillaume Canaud UniversitéParis Cité ParisFrance INSERM U1151 Institut Necker-Enfants MaladesParisFrance Service d’Imagerie Pédiatrique Hôpital Femme-Mère-EnfantHCLBronFrance CREATIS UMR 5220 Villeurbanne 69100France Service de Radiologie Mère-Enfant Hôpital NordSaint EtienneFrance Service d’Anatomie pathologique Hôpital Necker-Enfants MaladesAP-HPParisFrance Laboratoire d’Oncohématologie Hôpital Necker-Enfants MaladesAP-HPParisFrance Pharmacie Hôpital Necker-Enfants MaladesAP-HPParisFrance Necker Bio-Image Analysis INSERM US24/CNRS UMS 3633ParisFrance Platform for Metabolic Analyses Structure Fédérative de Recherche NeckerINSERM US24/CNRS UMS 3633ParisFrance Plateforme Imageries du Vivant Universitéde ParisPARCCINSERMParisFrance Service de Néphrologie Transplantation AdultesHôpital Necker-Enfants MaladesAP-HPParisFrance Service de Transplantation Hôpital La PitiéSalpétrièreAP-HPParisFrance Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology INSERM 1015Gustave RoussyUniversitéParis-SaclayVillejuifFrance Service de Physiologie&Explorations Fonctionnelles Cardiovasculaires CHU de LilleLille 59000France INSERM U1163 Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Hematological Disorders and Therapeutic ImplicationsLaboratoire d’Excellence GR-ExParisFrance Division of Oncology Comprehensive Vascular Anomalies ProgramChildren’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPAUSA Service de Médecine Vasculaire hôpital Européen Georges-PompidouParisFrance Nephrology Research Group L’Hôtel-Dieu de Québec Research CenterDepartment of MedicineFaculty of MedicineLaval UniversityQuebecQC G1R2J6Canada Unitéde médecine translationnelle et thérapies ciblées Hôpital Necker-Enfants MaladesAP-HPParisFrance CNRS UMR8253 Institut Necker-Enfants MaladesParisFrance

Sporadic venous malformations are genetic conditions primarily caused by somatic gain-of-function mutation of PIK3CA or TEK,an endothelial transmembrane receptor signaling through *** malformations are associated with pain,bleedings,thrombosis,pulmonary embolism,esthetic deformities and,in severe cases,life-threatening *** authorized medical treatment exists for patients with venous ***,we created a genetic mouse model of PIK3CA-related capillary venous malformations that replicates patient *** showed that these malformations only partially signal through AKT *** compared the efficacy of different drugs,including rapamycin,a mTORC1 inhibitor,miransertib,an AKT inhibitor and alpelisib,a PI3Kαinhibitor at improving the lesions seen in the mouse *** demonstrated the effectiveness of alpelisib in preventing vascular malformations’occurrence,improving the already established ones,and prolonging *** these findings,we were authorized to treat 25 patients with alpelisib,including 7 children displaying PIK3CA(n=16)or TEK(n=9)-related capillary venous malformations resistant to usual therapies including sirolimus,debulking surgical procedures or percutaneous *** assessed the volume of vascular malformations using magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)for each *** demonstrated improvement in all 25 *** malformations previously considered intractable were reduced and clinical symptoms were *** showed a decrease of 33.4%and 27.8%in the median volume of PIK3CA and TEK malformations respectively,over 6 months on *** conclusion,this study supports PI3Kαinhibition as a promising therapeutic strategy in patients with PIK3CA or TEK-related capillary venous malformations.

关键词： PIK3CA malformations venous

First radiative shock experiments on the SG-Ⅱ laser

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2021年第2期9卷 198-205页

作者： Francisco Suzuki-Vidal thomas Clayson Chantal Stehlé Uddhab Chaulagain Jack W.D.Halliday Mingying Sun Lei Ren Ning Kang Huiya Liu Baoqiang Zhu Jianqiang Zhu Carolina De Almeida Rossi Teodora Mihailescu Pedro Velarde Manuel Cotelo John M.Foster colin N.Danson Christopher Spindloe Jeremy P.Chittenden Carolyn Kuranz Blackett Laboratory Imperial College London First Light Fusion Ltd 3. Magdrive Ltd LERMA Sorbonne-Université ELI Beamlines Center Institute of Physics Czech Academy of Sciences Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Instituto de Fusión Nuclear Guillermo Velarde Universidad Politécnica de Madrid AWE plc. Aldermaston Science and Technology Facilities Council Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryHarwell Campus University of Michigan

We report on the design and first results from experiments looking at the formation of radiative shocks on the Shenguang-Ⅱ(SG-Ⅱ) laser at the Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics in ***-heating of a two-layer CH/CH-Br foil drives a～40 km/s shock inside a gas cell filled with argon at an initial pressure of 1 *** use of gas-cell targets with large(several millimetres) lateral and axial extent allows the shock to propagate freely without any wall interactions,and permits a large field of view to image single and colliding counter-propagating shocks with time-resolved,pointprojection X-ray backlighting(～20 μm source size,4.3 keV photon energy).Single shocks were imaged up to 100 ns after the onset of the laser drive,allowing to probe the growth of spatial nonuniformities in the shock *** results are compared with experiments looking at counter-propagating shocks,showing a symmetric drive that leads to a collision and stagnation from～40 ns *** present a preliminary comparison with numerical simulations with the radiation hydrodynamics code ARWEN,which provides expected plasma parameters for the design of future experiments in this facility.

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