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Alexa,let's train now!——A systematic review and classification approach to digital and home-based physical training interventions aiming to support healthy cognitive aging

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 30-46页

作者： Fabian Herold Paula Theobald thomas Gronwald Navin Kaushal Liye Zou Eling d.de Bruin Louis Bherer Notger GMüller Research Group degenerative and Chronic diseases MovementFaculty of Health Sciences BrandenburgUniversity of PotsdamPotsdam 14476Germany Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Institute of Interdisciplinary Exercise Science and Sports Medicine MSH Medical School HamburgHamburg 20457Germany department of Health Sciences School of Health&Human SciencesIndiana UniversityIndianapolisIN 46202USA department of Health Sciences and Technology Institute of Human Movement Sciences and SportETH ZurichZurich 8093Switzerland department of Neurobiology Care Sciencesand SocietyKarolinska InstituteStockholm 17177Sweden department of Health OST-Eastern Swiss University of Applied SciencesSt.Gallen 9001Switzerland Montreal Heart Institute MontrealQC H1T 1C8Canada department of Medicine Universite de MontrealMontrealQC H3T 1J4Canada Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Geriatrie de Montreal MontrealQC H3W 1W5Canada

Background:There is mounting evidence that regular physical activity is an important prerequisite for healthy cognitive ***,the finding that almost one-third of the adult population does not reach the recommended level of regular physical activity calls for further public health *** this context,digital and home-based physical training interventions might be a promising alternative to center-based intervention ***,this systematic review aimed to summarize the current state of the literature on the effects of digital and home-based physical training interventions on adult cognitive ***:In this pre-registered systematic review(PROSPERO;Id:CRd42022320031),5 electronic databases(PubMed,Web of Science,Psyclnfo,SPORTdiscus,and Cochrane Library)were searched by 2 independent researchers(FH and PT)to identify eligible studies investigating the effects of digital and home-based physical training interventions on cognitive performance in *** systematic literature search yielded 8258 records(extra17 records from other sources),of which 27 controlled trials were considered *** reviewers(FH and PT)independently extracted data and.a.sessed the risk of bias using a modified version of the Tool for the assEssment of Study qualiTy and reporting in EXercise(TESTEX scale).Results:Of the 27 reviewed studies,15 reported positive effects on cognitive and motor-cognitive outcomes(i.e.,performance improvements in measures of executive functions,working memory,and choice stepping reaction test),and.a.considerable heterogeneity concerning study-related,population-related.a.d intervention-related characteristics was noticed.a.more detailed.a.alysis suggests that,in particular,interventions using online classes and technology-based exercise devices(i.e.,step-based exergames)can improve cognitive performance in healthy older *** one-half of the reviewed studies were rated.a. having a high risk of bias with respect

关键词： Brain Cognition digital health Exercise-cognition Physical activity

Transient receptor potential channels as predictive marker and potential indicator of chemoresistance in colon cancer

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Oncology Research 2024年第1期32卷 227-239页

作者： WEI HU thomas WARTMANN MARCO STRECKER ARISTOTELIS PERRAKIS ROLANd CRONER ARPAd SZALLASI WENJIE SHI ULF d.KAHLERT The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University Nantong Rich HospitalNantongChina Molecular and Experimental Surgery Clinic for General-Visceral-Vascular and Transplant SurgeryFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital MagdeburgOtto-von-Guericke UniversityMagdeburgGermany department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research Semmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary

Transient receptor potential(TRP)channels are strongly associated with colon cancer development and *** study leveraged.a.multivariate Cox regression model on publicly available datasets to construct a TRP channels-associated gene signature,with further validation of signature in real world samples from our hospital treated patient ***-Meier(K-M)survival analysis and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were employed to evaluate this gene signature’s predictive accuracy and robustness in both training and testing cohorts,***,the study utilized the CIBERSORT algorithm and single-sample gene set enrichment analysis to explore the signature’s immune infiltration landscape and underlying functional *** support vector machine algorithm was applied to evaluate the signature’s potential in predicting chemotherapy *** findings unveiled.a.novel three TRP channels-related gene signature(MCOLN1,TRPM5,and TRPV4)in colon adenocarcinoma(COAd).The ROC and K-M survival curves in the training dataset(AUC=0.761;p=1.58e-05)and testing dataset(AUC=0.699;p=0.004)showed the signature’s robust predictive capability for the overall survival of COAd *** of the immune infiltration landscape associated with the signature revealed higher immune infiltration,especially an increased presence of M2 macrophages,in high-risk group patients compared to their low-risk ***-risk score patients also exhibited potential responsiveness to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy,evident through increased Cd86 and Pd-1 expression ***,the TRPM5 gene within the signature was highly expressed in the chemoresistance group(p=0.00095)and.a.sociated with poor prognosis(p=0.036)in COAd patients,highlighting its role as a hub gene of ***,this signature emerged.a. an independent prognosis factor for COAd patients(p=6.48e-06)and expression of model gene are validated by public data a

关键词： Colon cancer Transient receptor potential channels Prognostic signature Chemotherapy efficiency TRPM5

Effects of the urban landscape on heatwave-mortality associations in Hong Kong: comparison of different heatwave definitions

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 145-156页

作者： Jinglu Song Yi Lu thomas Fischer Kejia Hu department of Urban Planning and design Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong Kong 999077China Environmental Assessment and Management Research Centre School of Environmental SciencesUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpool L35TRUK Research Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management Faculty of Natural and Agricultural SciencesNorth West UniversityPotchefstroom 31750South Africa Institute of Big data in Health Science School of Public HealthZhejiang UniversityZijingang CampusHangzhou 310058China

despite increased.a.tention given to potential modifiers of temperature-mortality associations, evidence for variations between different urban landscape characteristics remains limited. It is in this context that in this paper effect modifications of multiple urban landscape characteristics are explored under different heatwave definitions for different age groups and gender in Hong Kong, China. daily meteorological data and heatwave-related mortality counts from 2008 to 2017 were collected from the Hong Kong Census and Statistics department, China. A case-only design was adopted, combined with logistic regression models to examine the modification effects of five urban landscape characteristics under six heatwave definitions. Stratified.a.alyses were conducted to investigate age- and gender-specific effect modifications. It is found that individ.a.s living in greener areas experienced lower levels of mortality during or immed.a.ely after heatwaves. In contrast, a higher building density and nighttime land surface temperature (LST) were associated with a higher heatwave-related mortality risk. Pronounced effect modifications of these urban landscape characteristics were observed under hotter and longer heatwaves, and in older adults (age ≥ 65 years) and males. The findings provide a scientific basis for policymakers and practitioners when considering measures for coping with hotter, longer, and more frequent heatwaves in the context of global climate change.

关键词： Urban landscape Heatwave Mortality Effect modification Intra-urban differences Health risk reduction

EZH2 inhibitors promote β-like cell regeneration in young and.a.ult type 1 d.a.etes donors

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第2期9卷 679-692页

作者： Keith Al-Hasani Safiya Naina Marikar Harikrishnan Kaipananickal Scott Maxwell Jun Okabe Ishant Khurana thomas Karagiannis Julia J.Liang Lina Mariana thomas Loudovaris thomas Kay Assam El-Osta Epigenetics in Human Health and disease Program Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute75 Commercial RoadMelbourne 3004 VICAustralia department of d.a.etes Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourne 3004 VICAustralia Epigenetics in Human Health and disease Laboratory Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourne 3004 VICAustralia School of Science STEM CollegeRMIT UniversityMelbourne 3001 VICAustralia Immunology and d.a.etes Unit St Vincent’s Institute of Medical ResearchFitzroy 3065 VICAustralia department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong KongSha TinHong Kong SAR Hong Kong Institute of d.a.etes and Obesity Prince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong Kong3/F Lui Che Woo Clinical Sciences Building30-32-Ngan Shing StreetSha TinHong Kong SAR Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongSha TinHong Kong SAR Biomedical Laboratory Science Department of TechnologyFaculty of HealthUniversity College CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark

β-cells are a type of endocrine cell found in pancreatic islets that synthesize,store and release *** type 1 d.a.etes(T1d),T-cells of the immune system selectively destroy the insulin-producingβ-*** of these cells leads to a lifelong dependence on exogenous insulin administration for ***,there is an urgent need to identify novel therapies that stimulateβ-cell growth and induceβ-cell *** and others have shown that pancreatic ductal progenitor cells are a promising source for regeneratingβ-cells for T1d owing to their inherent differentiation *** transcriptional suppression is refractory to exocrine reaction and tightly controls the regenerative potential by the EZH2 *** the present study,we show that transient stimulation of exocrine cells,derived from juvenile and.a.ult T1d donors to the FdAapproved EZH2 inhibitors GSK126 and Tazemetostat(Taz)influence a phenotypic shift towards aβ-like cell *** transition from repressed to permissive chromatin states are dependent on bivalent H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 chromatin *** EZH2 is fundamental toβ-cell regenerative *** pancreatic ductal cells exhibit insulin production and secretion in response to a physiological glucose challenge ex *** pre-clinical studies underscore the potential of small molecule inhibitors as novel modulators of ductal progenitor differentiation and.a.promising new approach for the restoration ofβ-like cell function.

关键词： EZH2 struction inhibitors

Energy and blast performance of beryllium in a model thermobaric composition in comparison with aluminum and magnesium

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defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第6期36卷 13-19页

作者： thomas M.Klapotke Stanisław Cudziło Waldemar A.Trzcinski Jozef Paszula Energetic Materials Research Department of ChemistryUniversity of Munich(LMU)Butenandtstrasse 5-13(D)81377MunichGermany Military University of Technology Faculty of Advanced Technologies and ChemistrySylwester Kaliski Str.200-908WarsawPoland

A direct comparison is made between the effectiveness of Al,Mg,and Be powders as additional fuels in model thermobaric compositions containing 20%fuel,20%ammonium perchlorate,and 60%RdX(1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane)passivated with *** determined calorimetric measurements of the heat of detonation,along with the overpressure histories in an explosion chamber filled with nitrogen,were used to determine the quasi-static pressure(QSP)under anaerobic *** measurements were also performed in a semi-closed bunker,and.a.l blast wave parameters generated.a.ter the detonation of 500 g charges of the tested explosives were *** calorimetry results,QSP values,and blast wave parameters(pressure amplitude,specific and total impulses)clearly indicate that Be is much more effective as an additional fuel than either Al or Mg in both anaerobic post-detonation reactions as well as the subsequent aerobic *** heat of detonation of the RdXwax/AP/Be explosive mixture is over 40%and 50%higher than that of the mixture containing aluminum and magnesium instead of beryllium,***,the TNT equivalent of the Be-containing composition due to the overpressure in the nitrogen-filled explosion chamber is 1.66,while the equivalent calculated using an air shock wave-specific impulse at a distance of 2.5 m is equal to *** high values of these parameters confirm the high reactivity of beryllium in both the anaerobic and.a.robic stages of the thermobaric explosion.

关键词： Thermobaric explosives Beryllium Heat of detonation Quasi-static overpressure Blast wave parameters

Health economics for intra-capsular hip fractures undertaking fixation

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第1期15卷 30-38页

作者： Anatole Wiik thomas Ashdown Ian Holloway department of Surgery Trauma and OrthopaedicsLondon North West University HealthcareLondon HA13UJUnited Kingdom department of Surgery Trauma and OrthopaedicsLondon North West University HospitalLondon HA13UJUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUNd Hip fracture is a common musculoskeletal injury in the elderly requiring surgery *** operative mainstay of intra-capsular hip fractures is arthroplasty with a smaller proportion for *** To determine the most beneficial method of fixation for patients with intracapsular hip *** A registered.a.dit from 2012-2018 was conducted on all intra-capsular hip fractures treated with 2 commonly used fixation *** notes,electronic records and clinical codes for cost benefit were evaluated.a.validated quality of life measure was collected.a. least 1 year after *** A total of 83 patients were identified with intra-capsular fractures undergoing fixation during the retrospective *** were 47 cannulated cancellous screw and 36 sliding hip screw fixations with the case mix comparable for age,gender,co-morbidities and fracture *** was no significant difference in blood loss,tip apex distance,rad.a.ion exposure,length of stay,radiological union time,collapse,avascular necrosis or re-operation between fixation *** regression analysis demonstrated displaced intracapsular hip fractures correlated significantly with an undesirable outcome conferring a relative odds ratio of *** were 9(19%)and 4(11%)patients respectively,who required *** was no significant difference in health resource group tariff and implant cost with comparable EQ-5d.a.d visual CONCLUSION No significant ad.a.tage was identified with differing fixation type,but irrespective there were a high number of patients requiring *** was predicted by initial fracture displacement and patient *** may need to be carefully considered for health economics and patient benefit.

关键词： Hip fracture Fixation Patient reported outcome measure Cost

Ion emission from warm dense matter produced by irrad.a.ion with a soft x-ray free-electron laser

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Matter and Rad.a.ion at Extremes 2024年第1期9卷 71-84页

作者： Josef Krása Tomás Burian Vera Hájková Jaromír Chalupský Šimon Jelínek Katerina Frantálová Michal Krupka Zuzana Kuglerová Sushil Kumar Singh Vojtech Vozda Ludek Vysín MichalŠmíd Pablo Perez-Martin Marion Kühlman Juan Pintor Jakub Cikhardt Matthias dreimann dennis Eckermann Felix Rosenthal Sam M.Vinko Alessandro Forte thomas Gawne thomas Campbell Shenyuan Ren YuanFeng Shi Trevor Hutchinson Oliver Humphries thomas Preston Mikako Makita Motoaki Nakatsutsumi Xiayun Pan Alexander Köhler Marion Harmand Sven Toleikis Katerina Falk Libor Juha department of Rad.a.ion and Chemical Physics Institute of PhysicsCzech Academy of SciencesNa Slovance 218221 Prague 8Czech Republic Laser Plasma department Institute of Plasma PhysicsCzech Academy of SciencesZa Slovankou 318200 Prague 8Czech Republic department of Surface and Plasma Science Faculty of Mathematics and PhysicsCharles University in PragueV Holesovi ckách 218000 Prague 8Czech Republic department of Physical Electronics Faculty of Nuclear Science and Engineering PhysicsCzech Technical University in PragueV Holesovi ckách 218000 Prague 8Czech Republic Helmholtz-Zentrum dresden-Rossendorf Bautzner Landstraße 40001328 DresdenGermany dESY Photon Science Notkestraße 85D-22607 HamburgGermany Institut de Minéralogie de Physique des Matériaux et de CosmochimieUMR 7590–UPMC/CNRS/IRD/MNHNSorbonne Université4 place Jussieu75005 ParisFrance department of Physics Faculty of Electrical EngineeringCzech Technical University in PragueTechnická216627 Prague 6Czech Republic Center for Soft Nanoscience University of MünsterBusso-Peus-Straße 10D-48149 MünsterGermany department of Physics Clarendon LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordParks RoadOxford OX13PUUnited Kingdom Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcot OX110QXUnited Kingdom Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 7000 East AvenueLivermoreCalifornia 94550USA European XFEL GmbH Holzkoppel 4D-22869 SchenefeldGermany Technische Universität dresden 01062 DresdenGermany

We report on an experiment performed.a. the FLASH2 free-electron laser(FEL)aimed.a. producing warm dense matter via soft x-ray isochoric *** the experiment,we focus on study of the ions emitted during the soft x-ray ablation process using time-of-flight electron multipliers and.a.shifted Maxwell–Boltzmann velocity distribution *** find that most emitted ions are thermal,but that some impurities chemisorbed on the target surface,such as protons,are accelerated by the electrostatic field created in the plasma by escaped *** morphology of the complex crater structure indicates the presence of several ion groups with varying *** find that the ion sound velocity is controlled by the ion temperature and show how the ion yield depends on the FEL rad.a.ion attenuation length in different materials.

关键词： electrostatic emitted chemi

A simulation study on spatial and time resolution for a cost-effective positron emission particle tracking system

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 312-322页

作者： Josephine Oppotsch Matthias Steinke Miriam Fritsch Fritz-Herbert Heinsius thomas Held Nikoline Hilse Viktor Scherer Ulrich Wiedner Ruhr-Universität Bochum Institut für Experimentalphysik I44801 BochumGermany Ruhr-Universität Bochum Lehrstuhl für Energieanlagen und Energieprozesstechnik44801 BochumGermany

This work is the second part of a simulation study investigating the processing of densely packed.a.d moving granular assemblies by positron emission particle tracking (PEPT).Since medical positron emission tomography (PET) scanners commonly used for PEPT are very expensive,a PET-like detector system based on cost-effective organic plastic scintillator bars is being developed.a.d tested for its *** this context,the spatial resolution of a resting positron source,a source moving on a freely designed model path,and.a.particle motion given by a discrete element method (dEM) simulation is studied using Monte Carlo simulations and the software toolkit *** not only extended the simulation and reconstruction to a moving source but also significantly improved the spatial resolution compared to previous work by adding oversampling and iteration to the reconstruction ***,in the case of a source following a trajectory developed from dEM simulations,a very good resolution of about 1 mm in all three directions and.a. average 3d deviation between simulated.a.d reconstructed events of 2.3 mm could be ***,the resolution for realistic particle motion within the generic grate system (which is the test rig for further experimental studies) is well below the smallest particle *** simulation of the dependence of the reconstruction accuracy on tracer particle location revealed.a.nearly constant efficiency within the entire detector system,which demonstrates that boundary effects can be neglected.

关键词： Positron emission particle tracking Monte Carlo method Time-of-flight Plastic scintillators Silicon photomultipliers(SiPMs)

Tribological behavior of shape-specific microplate-enriched synovial fluids on a linear two-axis tribometer

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Friction 2024年第3期12卷 539-553页

作者： Agnese FRAGASSI Antonietta GRECO Martina dI FRANCESCO Luca CESERACCIU Aiman ABU AMMAR Israel dVIR thomas Lee MOORE Haytam KASEM Paolo dECUZZI Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine Fondazione Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaGenova 16163Italy department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry University of GenovaGenoa 16146Italy Materials Characterization Facility Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaGenova 16163Italy department of Pharmaceutical Engineering Azrieli College of Engineering JerusalemJerusalem 9103501Israel department of Mechanical Engineering Azrieli College of Engineering JerusalemJerusalem 9103501Israel

Nano-and micro-particles are being increasingly used to tune interfacial frictional properties in diverse applications,from friction modifiers in industrial lubrication to enhanced biological fluids in human osteoarthritic ***,we assessed the tribological properties of a simulated synovial fluid enriched with non-spherical,poly lactic-co-glycolic acid(PLGA)microparticles(μPL)that have been previously demonstrated for the pharmacological management of osteoarthritis(OA).Three different μPL configurations were fabricated presenting a 20μm×20μm square base and.a.thickness of 5μm(thin,5H μPL),10μm(10H μPL),and 20μm(cubical,20H μPL).After extensive morphological and physicochemical characterizations,the apparent Young’s modulus of the μPL was quantified under compressive loading returning an average value of~6 kPa,independently of the particle ***,using a linear two-axis tribometer,the static(μ_(s))and dynamic(μ_(d))friction coefficients of the μPL-enriched simulated synovial fluid were determined in terms of particle configuration and concentration,varying from 0(fluid only)to 6×10^(5) μPL/*** particle morphology had.a.modest influence on friction,possibly because the μPL were fully squeezed between two mating surfaces by a 5.8 N normal load realizing boundary-like lubrication ***,friction was observed to depend on the dimensionless parameterW,defined.a. the ratio between the total volume of the μPL enriching the simulated synovial fluid.a.d the volume of the fluid *** coefficients of friction were documented to grow withWreaching a plateau of μ_(s)~0.4 and μ_(d)~0.15,already at Ω~2×10^(-3).Future investigations will have to systematically analyze the effect of sliding velocity,normal load.a.d rigidity of the mating surfaces to elucidate in full the tribological behavior of μPL in the context of osteoarthritis.

关键词： osteoarthritis microparticles tribology synovial fluid pin on plate