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The effects of oral smokeless tobacco administration on endurance performance

Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第4期7卷 465-472页

作者： thomas Zandonai Enrico Tam Paolo Bruseghini Fabio Pizzolato Loretta Franceschi Massimo Baraldo Carlo Capelli Paola Cesari Cristiano Chiamulera Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory Department of Diagnostic and Public HealthUniversity of VeronaVerona 37134Italy Mind Brain and Behavior Research Center CIMCYCDepartment of Experimental PsychologyUniversity of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Department of Neurosciences Biomedicine and Movement SciencesSchool of Exercise and Sport ScienceUniversity of VeronaVerona 37131Italy Department of Experimental and Clinical Medical Sciences University of UdineUdine 33100Italy Department of Physical Performances Norwegian School of Sport SciencesOslo N-0806Norway）： Corresponding author.E-mail address：thomas.zandonai@univr.itContributed equally to this manuscript.

Background： Smokeless tobacco is widely used by athletes to enhance performance. Nicotine is a central nervous system stimulant and acts on cardiocirculatory and metabolic systems, involving tissue blood flow and circulatory vasoreactivity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the oral smokeless tobacco （Swedish snus （SS）） on the perception of fatigue and time to exhaustion （TTE） during moderate-intensity aerobic exercise. Methods： Fourteen healthy non-tobacco male users were recruited for a double-blind, controlled crossover design （SS vs. snus placebo （SP））. Subjects were tested for 3 sessions： experimental session 1 （Exp 1） consisted of an incremental test to determine the maximal aerobic power out-put （Wmax）, whereas Exp2 and Exp3 consisted of exercising at 65%Wmax until exhaustion in SS or SP conditions. During Exp2 and Exp3, muscle and cerebral oxygenation was assessed by means of near-infrared spectroscopy, and the rating of perceived exertion （RPE） was recorded. Results： Comparing SS with SP tests, significant differences （p 〈 0.05） were found in the values of cerebral （-3%） and muscular tissues oxygenation （-4%） in the first 30 min of exercise. The RPE values were not significantly different between the 2 conditions （SS vs. SP）. No significant difference was found in TTE （SS： 54.25 ± 21.84 min; SP： 50.01 ± 17.03 min）. Conclusion： This study showed that muscular and cerebral oxygenation increased significantly with snus administration during an endurance exercise until exhaustion, but this did not affect fatigue perception and TTE. The results showed that snus could not be considered an ergogenic substance in non-tobacco users.2018 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. This is an open access article under the cc BY-NC-ND license. （http：//***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/）.

关键词： Exercise endurance Maximal aerobic power Nicotine RPE Smokeless tobacco Snus Time to exhaustion Tissue oxygenation

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A New Strategy for Solving Two Cosmological Constant Problems in Hadron Physics

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Journal of Modern Physics 2013年第5期4卷 686-703页

作者： thomas L. Wilson NASA Johnson Space Center—KR Houston USA

A new approach to solving two of the cosmological constant problems (ccPs) is proposed by introducing the Abbott-Deser (AD) method for defining Killing charges in asymptotic de Sitter space as the only consistent means for defining the ground-state vacuum for the ccP. That granted, Einstein gravity will also need to be modified at short-distance nuclear scales, using instead a nonminimally coupled scalar-tensor theory of gravitation that provides for the existence of QCD’s two-phase vacuum having two different zero-point energy states as a function of temperature. Einstein gravity alone cannot accomplish this. The scalar field will be taken from bag theory in hadron physics, and the origin of the bag constant B is accounted for by gravity’s cc as B—noting that the Higgs mechanism does not account for either the curved-space origin of λ or the mass of composite hadrons. A small Hubble-scale graviton mass mg^10-33eV naturally appears external to the hadron bag, induced by λ≠0. This mass is unobservable and gravitationally gauge-dependent. It is shown to be related to the cosmological event horizon in asymptotic de Sitter space.

关键词： Cosmological Constant Problem Vacuum Energy Density Hadron Physics Asymptotic de Sitter Space Zero-Point Energy

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Interleukin-6 role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma progression

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2016年第2期2卷 -页

作者： Moaz M. Choudhary thomas J. France Theodoros N. Teknos Pawan Kumar Department of 0tolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Comprehensive Cancer Center The 0hio State University Columbus 0H 43210 USA

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine which plays an important role in a num-ber of cellular processes including proliferation, survival, differentiation, migration and inva-sion. IL-6 mediates its downstream effects by activating a number of signaling cascades including JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways. In addition to its effects on tumor cells, IL-6 also regulates tumor progression and tumor metastasis by modulating tumor angiogenesis and tumor lymphangiogenesis. A number of studies have shown that IL-6 levels are markedly upregulated in cancer patients. We and others have shown that high IL-6 expression indepen-dently predicts tumor recurrence, tumor metastasis and poor survival in head and neck cancer patients. Therefore targeting IL-6 signaling is a potential therapeutic strategy for the treat-ment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNScc). In this review, we discuss the cur-rent understanding of the role of IL-6 in HNScc progression and potential therapeutic strategies to target IL-6 signaling for the treatment of head and neck cancer patients. Copyright a 2016 Chinese Medical Association. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. This is an open access article under the cc BY-NC-ND license (http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma Interleukin-6 JAK STAT3 MAPK PI3K/Akt Nanog

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Primary liver injury and delayed resolution of liver stiffness after alcohol detoxification in heavy drinkers with the PNPLA3 variant I148M

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World Journal of Hepatology 2016年第35期8卷 1547-1556页

作者： Vanessa Rausch Teresa Peccerella Carolin Lackner Eray Yagmur Helmut-Karl Seitz thomas Longerich Sebastian Mueller Salem Medical Center and Center for Alcohol Research University of Heidelberg Institute for Pathology Medical University Graz Laboratory Diagnostics Center RWTH-University Hospital Aachen Aachen and Medical Care Center Institute of Pathology RWTH-University Hospital Aachen

AIMTo investigate the influence of PNPLA3 genotype in heavy drinkers on serum markers and liver stiffness (LS) during alcohol withdrawal and its association with histology. METHODSCaucasian heavy drinkers (n = 521) with a mean alcohol consumption of 192.1 g/d (median alcohol consumption: 169.0 g/d; 95%CI: 179.0-203.3) were enrolled at the Salem Medical Center, University of Heidelberg. LS was measured by transient elastography (Fibroscan, Echosens SA, Paris, France). LS and serum markers were prospectively studied in these patients with all stages of alcoholic liver disease (steatosis, steatohepatitis, fibrosis) prior and after alcohol detoxification with a mean observation interval of 6.2 ± 3.2 d. A liver biopsy with histological analysis including the Kleiner score was obtained in 80 patients. RESULTSThe PNPLA3 rs738409 genotype distribution for cc, CG and GG was 39.2%, 52.6% and 8.2%. GG genotype primarily correlated with histological steatohepatitis (r = 0.404, P r = 0.319, P r = 0.264, P r = 0.828, P r = 0.516, P r = 0.319, P vs 6%) with 3.8% more cc carriers while 3.7% less were seen in the F4 cirrhosis group. Thus, about 20% of patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis would be attributable to PNPLA3 G variants. The OR to develop cirrhosis corrected for age, gender and body mass index was 1.295 (95%CI: 0.787-2.131) for CG + GG carriers. CONCLUSIONIn heavy drinkers, PNPLA3 GG primarily correlates with ballooning/steatohepatitis but not steatosis resulting in a delayed inflammation-associated resolution of LS. Consequently, sustained ballooning-associated LS elevation seems to be a potential risk factor for fibrosis progression in PNPLA3 GG carriers.

关键词： Liver stiffness Alcoholic liver disease Adiponutrin PNPLA3 Transient elastography Alcohol withdrawal Inflammation

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Targeting whole body metabolism and mitochondrial bioenergetics in the drug development for Alzheimer’s disease

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2022年第2期12卷 511-531页

作者： Steven N.Austad Scott Ballinger thomas W.Buford Christy S.Carter Daniel L.Smith Jr Victor Darley-Usmar Jianhua Zhang Department of Biology University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294USA Department of Pathology University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294USA Department of Medicine University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294USA Department of Nutrition Sciences University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294USA

Aging is by far the most prominent risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease(AD),and both aging and AD are associated with apparent metabolic *** developing effective therapeutic interventions to treat AD is clearly in urgent need,the impact of modulating whole-body and intracellular metabolism in preclinical models and in human patients,on disease pathogenesis,have been *** is also an increasing awareness of differential risk and potential targeting strategies related to biological sex,microbiome,and circadian *** a major part of intracellular metabolism,mitochondrial bioenergetics,mitochondrial quality-control mechanisms,and mitochondria-linked inflammatory responses have been considered for AD therapeutic *** review summarizes and highlights these efforts.

关键词： Mitochondrial DNA Mitochondrial electron transport chain Mitochondrial quality control Reactive species DAMPs Hexokinase biosynthesis pathway Diabetes Circadian regulation Microbiome

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Spatial separation of phosphatase and kinase activity within the Bub complex is required for proper mitosis

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2022年第11期14卷 24-35页

作者： Lei Wang thomas Kruse Blanca López-Méndez Yuqing Zhang Chunlin Song Lei Zhu Bing Li Jing Fang Zhimin Lu Jakob Nilsson Gang Zhang The Cancer Institute The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao UniversityQingdao 266061China Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen DK-2200Denmark The Department of Genetics and Cell Biology Basic Medical CollegeQingdao UniversityQingdao 266061China Institute of Translational Medicine Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310029China

The Bub1 and BubR1 kinetochore proteins support proper chromosome segregation and mitotic checkpoint activity. Bub1 and BubR1 are paralogs with Bub1 being a kinase, while BubR1 localizes the PP2A-B56 protein phosphatase to kinetochores in humans. Whether this spatial separation of kinase and phosphatase activity is important is unclear as some organisms integrate both activities into one Bub protein. Here, we engineer human Bub1 and BubR1 proteins integrating kinase and phosphatase activities into one protein and show that these do not support normal mitotic progression. A Bub1–PP2A-B56 complex can support chromosome alignment but results in impairment of the checkpoint due to dephosphorylation of the Mad1 binding site in Bub1. Furthermore, a chimeric BubR1 protein containing the Bub1 kinase domain induces delocalized H2ApT120 phosphorylation, resulting in the reduction of centromeric hSgo2 and chromosome segregation errors. Collectively, these results argue that the spatial separation of kinase and phosphatase activities within the Bub complex is required for balancing its functions in the checkpoint and chromosome alignment.

关键词： mitosis spindle assembly checkpoint kinetochores Bub1 BubR1 PP2A/B56

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Maintaining an Optimal Flow of Forest Products under a Carbon Market: Approximating a Pareto Set of Optimal Silvicultural Regimes for Eucalyptus fastigata

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Open Journal of Forestry 2012年第3期2卷 138-149页

作者： Oliver Chikumbo thomas J. Straka Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Clemson University Clemson USA Scion Rotorua New Zealand

A competitive co-evolutionary Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm (cc-MOGA) was used to approximate a Pareto front of efficient silvicultural regimes for Eucalyptus fastigata. The three objectives to be maximised included, sawlog, pulpwood and carbon sequestration payment. Three carbon price scenarios (3CPS), i.e. NZ $25, NZ $50 and NZ $100 for a tonne of CO2 sequestered, were used to assess the impact on silvicultural regimes, against a fourth non-carbon Pareto set of efficient regimes (nonCPS), determined from a cc-MOGA with two objectives, i.e. competing sawlog and pulpwood productions. Carbon prices included in stand valuation were found to influence the silvicultural regimes by increasing the rotation length and lowering the final crop number before clearfell. However, there were no significant changes in the frequency, timing, and intensity of thinning operations amongst all the four Pareto sets of solutions. However, the 3CPS were not significantly different from each other, which meant that these silvicultural regimes were insensitive to the price of carbon. This was because maximising carbon sequestration was directly related to the biological growth rate. As such an optimal mix of frequency, intensity, and timing of thinning maintained maximum growth rate for as long as possible for any one rotation.

关键词： Optimal Control Competitive Co-Evolutionary Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm (cc-MOGA) Pareto Front Forest Holding Value Kruskal-Wallis Test Multiple Comparison Procedure

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DFT Study of Dimerization Sites in Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridinyl-chalcone Series

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Computational Chemistry 2021年第1期9卷 1-17页

作者： Bibata Konate Sopi thomas Affi Nahossé Ziao Laboratoire de Thermodynamique et de Physico-Chimie du Milieu Université Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

Quantum chemistry methods were performed in order to characterize the chemical reactivity on series of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridinyl-chalcone (IPC). In particular, the B3LYP/6-311G(d) theory level has been used to determine parameters which characterize the global and local reactivity on five molecules of the series. These compounds differ from one to another with the aryl groups. There are: 1-(2-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one, 3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(2-methylimidazo [1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)prop-2-en-1-one, 3-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-1-(2-methylimidazo [1,2-a]pyridin- 3-yl)prop-2-en-1-one, 3-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-(2-methylimidazo [1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)prop-2-en-1-one, 3-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-(2-methylimidazo [1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)prop-2-en-1-one. All results lead to finding out that local nucleophilicity and electrophilicity of compounds are not substituent-dependant contrarily to their global nucleophilicity which prove to be more sensitive to the electron-donating character of the substituents. 3-[4-(Dimethylamino) phenyl]-1-(2-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)prop-2-en-1-one was identified as the unique nucleophile compound by global reactivity. Respectively, the carbon atoms C5 and C14 are the prediction sites of electrophilic and nucleophilic attacks in the molecular skeleton of both molecules. Identification of interactions centres on IPC series is of great importance for organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry where the molecular hybridization strategy is very often used to improve biological activities of interesting therapeutic systems.

关键词： Chemical Reactivity Conceptual DFT Imidazopyridinyl-Chalcone Nematicidal Activity Quantum Chemistry

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Improved DHOA-Fuzzy Based Load Scheduling in IoT Cloud Environment

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 4101-4114页

作者： R.Joshua Samuel Raj V.Ilango Prince thomas V.R.Uma Fahd N.Al-Wesabi Radwa Marzouk Anwer Mustafa Hilal Department of Information Science&Engineering CMR Institute of TechnologyBengaluru560037India Department of Computer Application CMR Institute of TechnologyBangalore560037India School of Computing Woldia Institute of TechnologyWoldia UniversityEthiopia Department of Commerce School of CommerceFinance and AccountancyChrist UniversityBangalore560029India Department of Computer Science College of Science&Art at MahayilKing Khalid UniversitySaudi Arabia Faculty of Computer and IT Sana’a UniversityYemen Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversitySaudi Arabia Department of Computer and Self Development Preparatory Year DeanshipPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharjSaudi Arabia

Internet of things (IoT) has been significantly raised owing to thedevelopment of broadband access network, machine learning (ML), big dataanalytics (BDA), cloud computing (cc), and so on. The development of IoTtechnologies has resulted in a massive quantity of data due to the existenceof several people linking through distinct physical components, indicatingthe status of the cc environment. In the IoT, load scheduling is realistictechnique in distinct data center to guarantee the network suitability by fallingthe computer hardware and software catastrophe and with right utilize ofresource. The ideal load balancer improves many factors of Quality of Service(QoS) like resource performance, scalability, response time, error tolerance,and efficiency. The scholar is assumed as load scheduling a vital problem inIoT environment. There are many techniques accessible to load scheduling inIoT environments. With this motivation, this paper presents an improved deerhunting optimization algorithm with Type II fuzzy logic (IDHOA-T2F) modelfor load scheduling in IoT environment. The goal of the IDHOA-T2F is todiminish the energy utilization of integrated circuit of IoT node and enhancethe load scheduling in IoT environments. The IDHOA technique is derivedby integrating the concepts of Nelder Mead (NM) with the DHOA. Theproposed model also synthesized the T2L based on fuzzy logic (FL) systemsto counterbalance the load distribution. The proposed model finds usefulto improve the efficiency of IoT system. For validating the enhanced loadscheduling performance of the IDHOA-T2F technique, a series of simulationstake place to highlight the improved performance. The experimental outcomesdemonstrate the capable outcome of the IDHOA-T2F technique over therecent techniques.

关键词： Load scheduling internet of things cloud computing metaheuristics fuzzy logic

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Depiction of secondary metabolites and antifungal activity of Bacillus velezensis DTU001

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2019年第3期4卷 142-149页

作者： Sagarika Devi Heiko T.Kiesewalter Renato Kovacs Jens Christian Frisvad Tilmann Weber thomas Ostenfeld Larsen Akos T.Kovacs Ling Ding Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine Technical University of Denmark2800Kgs LyngbyDenmark Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Debrecen4032DebrecenHungary Center for Biosustainability Technical University of Denmark2800Kgs LyngbyDenmark

For a safe and sustainable environment,effective microbes as biocontrol agents are in high *** have isolated a new Bacillus velezensis strain DTU001,investigated its antifungal spectrum,sequenced its genome,and uncovered the production of lipopeptides in HPLC-HRMS *** test the antifungal efficacy,extracts of *** DTU001 was tested against a range of twenty human or plant pathogenic *** demonstrate that inhibitory potential of *** DTU001 against selected fungi is superior in comparison to single lipopeptide,either iturin or *** isolate showed analogous biofilm formation to other closely related *** further support the biocontrol properties of the isolate,coculture with Candida albicans demonstrated that *** DTU001 exhibited excellent antiproliferation effect against *** summary,the described isolate is a potential antifungal agent with a broad antifungal spectrum that might assist our aims to avoid hazardous pathogenic fungi and provide alternative to toxicity caused by chemicals.

关键词： Bacillus velezensis Candida albicans Secondary metabolites Biocontrol Biofilm

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