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A review of the effects of forest fire on soil properties

Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第5期33卷 1419-1441页

作者： Alex Amerh Agbeshie Simon Abugre thomas atta-darkwa Richard Awuah Department of Environmental Management University of Energy and Natural Resources(UENR)SunyaniGhana Department of Forest Science University of Energy and Natural Resources(UENR)SunyaniGhana Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering University of Energy and Natural Resources(UENR)SunyaniGhana

Forest fires are key ecosystem modifiers affecting the biological,chemical,and physical attributes of forest *** extent of soil disturbance by fire is largely dependent on fire intensity,duration and recurrence,fuel load,and soil *** impact on soil properties is intricate,yielding different results based on these *** paper reviews research investigating the effects of wildfire and prescribed fire on the biological and physico-chemical attributes of forest soils and provides a summary of current knowledge associated with the benefits and disadvantages of such ***-intensity fires with ash deposition on soil surfaces cause changes in soil chemistry,including increase in available nutrients and *** intensity fires are noted for the complete combustion of organic matter and result in severe negative impacts on forest *** intensity fires result in nutrient volatilization,the break down in soil aggregate stability,an increase soil bulk density,an increase in the hydrophobicity of soil particles leading to decreased water infiltration with increased erosion and destroy soil *** soil heating(> 120℃) from high-intensity forest fires is detrimental to the soil ecosystem,especially its physical and biological *** this regard,the use of prescribed burning as a management tool to reduce the fuel load is highly recommended due to its low intensity and limited soil ***,the use of prescribed fires to manage fuel loads is critically needed in the light of current global warming as it will help prevent increased wildfire *** review provides information on the impact of forest fires on soil properties,a key feature in the maintenance of healthy *** addition,the review should prompt comprehensive soil and forest management regimes to limit soil disturbance and restore fire-disturbed soil ecosystems.

关键词： Forest fires Low-severity fire Mineralization Soil available nutrients Soil organic matter Volatilization

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Biochar as a Soil Amendment Tool: Effects on Soil Properties and Yield of Maize and Cabbage in Brong-Ahafo Region, Ghana

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2020年第3期10卷 91-108页

作者： Gilbert Ayine Akolgo Francis Kemausuor Edward Abingya Awafo Emmanuel Amankwah thomas atta-darkwa Eric Osei Essandoh Ato Bart-Plange Claudia Maria Branco de Freitas Maia Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering University of Energy and Natural Resource Sunyani Ghana Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering KNUST Kumasi Ghana Embrapa Forestry Estrada da Ribeira km111 Colombo Brazil

Ghana’s soil is continuously declining in fertility due to continuous cultivation and rapid mineralization of its soil organic matter. Previous studies have touted the potential of biochar to help improve soil properties and increase the yield of crops. This study investigated the effects of the application of biochar on physicochemical properties of soil and the yield of maize and cabbage in Ghana. The study indicated that application of biochar significantly increased soil organic matter (SOM) from 3.88% (for control) to 5.72% (for biochar application rate 20 ton/ha and 0 ton/ha of NPK). It also increased soil pH from 6.55 in (for control) to 7.30 (for biochar application rate 20 ton/ha) and 0 ton/ha of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) which can help ameliorate the soil acidity problem of Ghanaian soils. This field study, demonstrated that addition of biochar from sawdust increased the yield (between the control (0 ton/ha of biochar, 0% of recommended dose of NPK) and 20 ton/ha, 0% recommended dose of NPK) of maize and cabbage by 6.66% and 7.57% respectively. This study concluded that application of biochar offers a great potential to improve soil quality and the yield of maize and cabbage in Ghana.

关键词： Biochar Physicochemical Properties Soil Amendment Ghana Maize Yield

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Comparison and Estimation of Four Infiltration Models

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2020年第2期10卷 45-57页

作者： atta-darkwa thomas Antwi Eric Ofosu Amankwah Emmanuel Ankamah Johnson De-Graft Akolgo Gilbert Ayine Austin Asare Antwi Alexander Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana Department of Environmental Management University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana

Infiltration is an important component of the hydrological cycle. It provides soil moisture in the vadose zone to support plant growth. This study was conducted to compare the validity of four infiltration models with measured values from the double ring infiltrometer. The parameters of the four models compared were estimated using the linear regression analysis. The C.C was used to show the performance of the predictability of the models. The RMSE, MAE and MBE were employed to check the anomalies between the predicted and the observed values. The results showed that, average values of the C.C ranged from 0.9294 - 0.9852. The average values of the RMSE were 4.0033, −17.489, 11.2400 and 49.8448;MAE were 3.1341, 15.9802, 10.6525, and 61.4736;and MBE were 0.0786, 9.5755, 0.0007 and 47.0204 for Philip, Horton, Green Ampt and Kostiakov respectively for the wetland soils. Statistical results also from the Fisher’s multiple comparison test show that the mean infiltration rate estimated from the Green Ampt’s, Philip’s and Horton’s model was not significantly different (p > 0.05) from the observed. The results indicated that the Kostiakov’s model had the highest deviations as it overestimated the measured data in all the plots. Comparison of the statistical parameters C.C, RMSE, MAE, and MBE for the four models indicates that the Philip’s model agreed well with the measured data and therefore, performed better than the Green Ampt’s, Horton’s and Kostiakov’s models respectively in that order for Besease wetland soils. Estimation of infiltration rate by the Philip’s model is important in the design of irrigation schemes and scheduling. Therefore, in the absence of measured infiltration data, the Philip’s model could be used to produce infiltration information for inland valley bottom soils that exhibit similar characteristic as Besease wetland soils.

关键词： Wetland Infiltration Models Irrigation Philip’s Model Ring Infiltrometer

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