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High Moments Jarque-Bera Tests for Arbitrary Distribution Functions

World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases（心血管病） 2024年第1期

作者： G.R.C.Millogo A.thiam Y.Kambiré E.Nongkouni S.E.Dabiré L.J.Kagambéga J.K.Kologo V.N.Yaméogo P.Zabsonré

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Applied Mathematics 2015年第4期6卷 707-716页

作者： Gane Samb Lo Oumar thiam Mohamed Cheikh Haidara Laboratoire de Statistique Théorique et Appliquée (LSTA) Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris France LERSTAD Université Gaston Berger de Saint-Louis Saint-Louis Senegal

The Jarque-Bera’s fitting test for normality is a celebrated and powerful one. In this paper, we consider general Jarque-Bera tests for any distribution function (df) having at least 4k finite moments for k ≥ 2. The tests use as many moments as possible whereas the JB classical test is supposed to test only skewness and kurtosis for normal variates. But our results unveil the relations between the coeffients in the JB classical test and the moments, showing that it really depends on the first eight moments. This is a new explanation for the powerfulness of such tests. General Chi-square tests for an arbitrary model, not only normal, are also derived. We make use of the modern functional empirical processes approach that makes it easier to handle statistics based on the high moments and allows the generalization of the JB test both in the number of involved moments and in the underlying distribution. Simulation studies are provided and comparison cases with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov’s tests and the classical JB test are given.

关键词： Asymptotic Distribution Asymptotic Statistical Tests Normality Tests Functional Empirical Processes

Clinical Profile of Women with Mental Disorders in Dakar Hospitals

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2023年第S1期13卷 392-409页

作者： Racky Wade-Kane Sokhna Seck Khourédia thiam Ndéye Dialé Ndiaye Ndongo Papa Lamine Faye Aida Sylla Mamadou Habib thiam Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology National University Hospital Center of Fann Dakar Senegal

Introduction: In Senegal, knowledge of the clinical profile of mental disorders in women has not been the subject of many studies, even though it is of vital importance to those involved in mental health. Thus, the aim of our study was to describe the clinical aspects of psychiatric disorders in women hospitalized at Fann. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional, retrospective, and descriptive study over a five-year period. We identified 402 cases that met the selection criteria. The data collection form provided information on aspects of the clinical profile of mental disorders, such as medical, surgical, gynecological, obstetrical and psychiatric history, instigator of the request for care, diagnosis, duration and number of hospitalizations. ICD-10 was used for the various pathologies identified. Results: Asthma was noted in 7% of patients, as was hypertension. Gynecological surgery was found in 43 patients (11%). Eight patients were menopausal (2%). The mean number of gestations was 2.09, with a standard deviation of 2.257 and extremes between 0 and 10 gestations. Patients with a history of abortion numbered 58 (14%). The decision to hospitalize the patients was made by 96% (384 patients) of those around them. Hetero aggression was the most recurrent reason for hospitalization (19%). Pathology group F20-29 (schizophrenia, schizotypal disorder, and delusional disorders) was the majority group. Conclusion: The clinical profile of the mentally ill woman in Dakar is a woman in her mid-forties who most often presents with a personal psychiatric history, and her hospitalization is prompted by hetero-aggression and/or logorrhea. She usually suffers from schizophrenia and related disorders. Hospitalization usually lasts between 11 and 20 days.

关键词： Dakar Clinical Profile Mental Disorders Woman

Evolution of the Deflection According to Truck Overloading—Comparison between Benkelman Beam Method and FEM of Lateritic Pavements

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2018年第4期8卷 478-488页

作者： Fatou Samb Ndiassé Diop Baye Birane thiam Makhaly Ba Laboratoire de Mécanique et de Modélisation UFR Sciences de l’Ingénieur Université de Thiès Thiès Sénégal

The study of the deflection due to the passage of an axle on a pavement structure has the advantage to make possible to pronounce on the portance, the rigidity and the homogeneity of this one. In the case where the allowed axle load is not respected, surface deflection leads to premature deterioration of the roadway. In order to study the evolution of these deformations, deflection measurements were made by using the Benkelman method in the Fatick-Kaolack road in Senegal by varying the axle load with the following values: 10, 13 and 16 tons on three different zones. The results show a linear evolution of the deflection as a function of the axle load. Also, the impact of truck overloading was studied by considering different values of the axle load with comparison to the allowed axle load by using frequent types of vehicle. A numerical simulation of the Cast3M pavement was done first, in the case of an isolated single wheel with a radius of 12.5 cm, then in the case of an equivalent dual wheel with a radius of 18.1 cm for loads of 10 to 19 tons. In the same way, the pavement design software (ALIZE) is used to analyse the variation of the axle load. The results show a linear evolution of the deflection, which corroborates the measurements made in the field and those obtained by Samb (2014) with a slope coefficient equal to 1.7. Nevertheless, the case of an isolated single wheel of 12.5 cm radius is closest to the measurements with a straight line of slope coefficient equal to 1.9.

关键词： Deflection Axle Overload Truck Overloading Cast3M ALIZE FEM Lateritic Gravel

Zeta Potential of Aggregate and Dynamic Modulus of HMA Estimation Using Aggregate Silica Content

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2023年第1期13卷 35-47页

作者： Mouhamed Lamine Chérif Aidara Serigne Touba thiam Alan Carter Department of Geology Faculty of Science and Technology Cheikh Anta DIOP University of Dakar Dakar Senegal Graduate School of Sustainable Development and Society Iba Der Thiam University Thies Senegal Ecole de Technologie Supérieure de Montréal Montréal Canada

The mineralogical composition of an aggregate influences its adhesion with bitumen and therefore its dynamic modulus. However, few studies have been conducted on this aspect. One of the most used properties to describe the impact of aggregate on the adhesiveness phenomena is the zeta potential. In this study, the first mineralogical and chemical properties were considered through the percentage of silica in the rock source of aggregates and the electric aggregate particles charge zeta. Dynamic modulus values used for regression process are determined from complex modulus test on nine asphalt concretes mix designed with aggregate types (basalt of Diack, quartzite of Bakel and Limestone of Bandia). The results showed that aggregate with high percentage of silica have higher zeta potential than aggregate with low percentage of silica. The development of a zeta potential predictive model showed a strong sensitivity to silica. The results of the complex modulus tests showed that Hot Mixture Asphalt (HMA) mixed with aggregate containing high silica contents gave better results than those mixed with aggregates containing low percentage of silica. The dynamic modulus predictive models of HMA developed shows that it is the properties of bitumen that influence more. However, the effect of silica although low, is very marked at low temperatures and high frequencies.

关键词： Basalt of Diack Quartzite of Bakel Limestone of Bandia Complex Modulus Test Binder-Aggregate Adhesiveness

Multidisciplinary Approach for a Solution to Floods in SampathéDistrict (Thiès-Est, Senegal)

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2020年第6期12卷 663-682页

作者： Mouhamadou Moustapha Mbacké Ndour Alassane thiam Bakary Fall Ibrahima Seye Unité de Formation et de Recherches-Sciences de l’Ingénieur Université of Thiès Thiès Sénégal Centre de Suivi Ecologique Dakar Sénégal Grande Cô te Opération Sa Dakar Sénégal

In recent years (2003), Senegal has been confronted with many urban flooding problems that have become recurrent due to the configuration of its settlement. This is due to galloping population growth, climate change and a lack of planning and rainwater drainage networks. To fix these phenomena, Senegalese government has initiated rainwater drainage programs. In the city of Thiès, particularly in Sampathé district, flooding problem is a reality that is observed during every winter period. It is within this framework that we have proposed a project for the design and dimensioning of a rainwater evacuation network in Sampathé. The network will be integrated into a Geographic Information System for efficient management of project. This study involved identifying flood zones, determining geotechnical characteristics of the soil, and exploiting rainfall data in order to propose a storm water drainage network that will be integrated into a database management system. Thus, we carried out topographical and geotechnical studies, then designed and dimensioned the drainage network, and finally set up a geographic information system. At the end of this project, we designed a sewerage network consisting of two primary pipelines, four secondary pipelines, one tertiary pipeline, ninety-two manholes and a retention basin. To manage the network, we set up a geographic information system to geolocate various elements for rapid intervention in the field in event of a problem, make requests, generate thematic maps, and perform spatial analyses for good decision-making.

关键词： Flood Flooding Sewerage Network Topographic Surveys Geographic Information System Sampathé

Positive Surgical Margins (PSM) after Open Retropubic Radical Prostatectomy: Evaluation of Patient Survival

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Open Journal of Urology 2021年第7期11卷 282-288页

作者： Babacar Sine Abdoulaye Ndiath Ndéye Aissatou Bagayogo Alioune Sarr Amath thiam Cyrille Ze Ondo ousmane Sow El Hadji Malick Diaw Moussa Séne Babou Sakho Cheikh Bécaye Gassama Ibrahima Ngom Yaya Sow Babacar Diao Alain Khassim Ndoye Urology Andrology Department of Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Dakar Sénégal Urology Andrology Department of Ouakam Military Hospital Dakar Sénégal

Background: Many patients who have had radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer may present with microscopic extraprostatic extension of the disease. Positive surgical margins are a common pathological finding in this subgroup of patients. To report the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of PSM after radical prostatectomy (RP) and to evaluate the follow-up of patients. Patients and methods: A single-center retrospective descriptive study of patients who underwent radical prostatectomy between June 1, 2004 and December 31, 2019 was conducted. Patients who had radical prostatectomy with PSM on pathology report were included. The parameters studied were age, initial prostate specific antigen (PSA), Gleason and International Society of Uropathology (ISUP) scores, cTNM and pTNM stages, operative technique, PSA levels after surgery, adjuvant treatment and patient survival. Results: Eighty-six (86) radical prostatectomies were performed. PSM was found in 23 patients (26.7%). The mean age of the patients was 63.7 ± 6.1 years. The mean preoperative total PSA was 31.5 ng/mL (6.31 - 146 ng/mL). Prostate biopsy showed only prostatic adenocarcinoma. Thoracic-abdominopelvic CT was performed in all patients. Prostate cancers were found at the localized stage in 12 patients and locally advanced in 11 patients. A classification adjustment was obtained after pathological examination of the surgical specimen. The ISUP score 3 and 1 on the surgical specimen were in the majority with 9 and 7 patients respectively. After the recurrence, all patients who consented received hormone therapy, which was either medical with Goserelin and Triptorelin (7 patients) or surgical with testicular pulpectomy (1 patient). PSA was undetectable (Conclusion: RP with PSM is a fai

关键词： Prostate Cancer Surgical Margins Survival

Evaluation of the Influence of Plastic Waste in Improving the Mechanical Characteristics of Asphalt Mixes (Senegal, West Africa)

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2023年第3期13卷 517-527页

作者： Adama Dione Papa Sanou Faye Mohamadou Moustapha thiam Birame Diouf Cheikh Diallo Achim Becker Diodio Diouf Moussa Sow Malick thiam Marème Ba National Hight School of Mining and Geology ex IST UCAD Dakar Senégal Science and Technology Department Iba Der Thiam University Thiès Senegal UFR Engineering Sciences Iba Der Thiam University of Thies Thies Senegal Speciesanalytik Laboratory Dakar Senegal Aventurin Waste ONG Bochum Germany Department of Geology UCAD Dakar Senegal Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique UCAD Dakar Senegal

The recovery of plastic waste has a positive impact on two fronts: The environment, through waste reduction, and the economy, through its use in road construction. This work involves recycling plastic variants such as Polypropylene (PP) 50% and LDPE (Low Density Polyethylene) 50% in proportions of 2% to 8%, incorporated into a 0/14 BBSG. The results of the Marshall test gave stability values ranging from 826 to 1523 kg and creep values from 5.5 to 2.45 mm. The Duriez test gave r/R values ranging from 0.769 to 0.786, with water absorption percentages from 2.24% to 0.69%. The PCG test at 80 gyrations gave void percentages ranging from 11.9% to 5.23%. The rutting test gives a rutting depth percentage that drops at 30,000 cycles from 11.5% to 1.3%. This study shows a considerable increase in the mechanical characteristics of asphalt mixes by adding plastic waste.

关键词： Plastic Waste Marshall Environmental Impact BBSG Recycling

Diagnostic Rigid Urethrocystoscopy: Indications, Results and Pain Assessment

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Open Journal of Urology 2020年第8期10卷 239-244页

作者： ousmane Sow Abdoulaye Ndiath Aboubacar Traore Alioune Sarr Babacar Sine Modou Ndiaye Yassin Sayerh Cyrille Ze Ondo Amath thiam Ndiaga Seck Ndour El Hadj Malick Daw Ndeye Aissatou Bagayogo Yaya Sow Boubacar Fall Babacar Diao Papa Ahmed Fall Alain Khassim Ndoye Urology-Andrology Department Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Dakar Senegal Urology-Andrology Department De la Paix Hospital Ziguinchor Senegal Urology-Andrology Department Dalal Jamm Hospital Dakar Senegal

Background: Over the last 50 years, endourology has revolutionized urological practices worldwide. This is not so in many urological centers in West Africa. Although, some centers have made progress in the level of urological services that they offer;many of such centers provide rigid urethrocystoscopy services. Rigid urethrocystoscopy is an endoscopic examination that explores the urethra, bladder and prostate in men. Aims: We report the indications, results and pain assessment of rigid urethrocystoscopy in our center. Patients and Methods: We carried out a retrospective, descriptive, monocentric study in our center between January 2016 and June 2018. The study included all patients who had a rigid urethrocystoscopy under local anaesthesia. We studied the following parameters: sex, age, indications for the examination, outcomes and the pain assessment. Results: Five hundred and forty-one patients were included. The sex-ratio was 1.49. The mean age was 49.47 ± 18.48 years (12 years and 91 years). Lower urinary tract symptoms (29%) and hematuria (28%) were the most common indications. The rigid urethrocystoscopy was normal in 26.8% of patients. Bladder tumors (21.2%) were the most frequent lesions. In men, prostate tumors were more common (21%) followed by bladder tumors (17.9%), while in women, bladder tumors (26.3%) were predominant followed by cystopathy lesions (12.4%).The mean Simple Verbal Scale (SVS) score was 1.25 in women and 2.1 in men. Conclusion: Rigid urethrocystoscopy was relatively well tolerated by our patients. Hematuria was the primary indication and the main etiologies were bladder and prostate tumors.

关键词： Rigid Urethrocystoscopy Bladder Tumors Hematuria

Impact of Non-Compliance of Exposure Classes in Reinforced Concrete Structures

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2023年第1期13卷 25-34页

作者： Serigne Touba thiam Mouhamed Lamine Chérif Aidara Alinté Diatta Graduate School of Sustainable Development and Society Iba Der Thiam University Thies Senegal Department of Geology Faculty of Science and Technology Cheikh Anta DIOP University of Dakar Dakar Senegal Pan-African Polytechnic Institute of Dakar Dakar Senegal

From the National Agency for the Organization and Construction of Infrastructures (ANOCI) program to the Emerging Senegal Plan (PSE), construction in Senegal has improved considerably. However, deficiencies remain in the specification of materials used mainly in hydraulic concrete. They are generally related to the specification of aggregates for alkali reactivity and the choice of exposure classes specified in NF EN 206-1. The purpose of this article is to study the incidence of non-compliance with exposure classes in reinforced concrete structures. To carry out this study, surveys were carried out at several sites (districts) in Dakar (Cité Avion, Touba Ouakam, Cité Asecna, Cité Batrain, Cité Comico, Cité Assemblée and Terme Sud) in order to collect information on the formulation and implementation methods used. The comparison of the various readings carried out made it possible to deduce conclusions and to give recommendations when using standard NF EN 206-1.

关键词： Common Exposure Classes Specific Exposure Classes Concrete Alkali-Reaction