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Development of Weed Management Strategies for Cashew Cultivation in Ghana

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2012年第4期2卷 411-417页

作者： Kwabena Opoku-Ameyaw Francis Kofi Oppong Seth Osei akoto Franklin Manu Amoah EleanorSwatson Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana P.O. Box 8 New Tafo-Akim Ghana Crop Services Directorate Ministry of Food and Agriculture P. O. Box M37 Accra Ghana

Three field trials, one for establishment and two for mature phases respectively, were conducted to develop weed management strategies for cashew cultivation in Ghana. The treatments for the establishment phase consisted of hoe weeding of whole plot, hoe weeding of cashew lines and slashing of inter-rows, herbicide application with glyphosate of whole plot or cashew lines with slashing of inter-rows, relay cropping of the cashew plot with sorghum and a legume and intercropping with a legume. In one trial of the mature phase, the treatments were hoe weeding of whole plot two or three times a year, high slashing of whole plot three times a year, herbicide application （glyphosate） of whole plot and ring application of herbicide （glyphosate） plus high slashing of inter-rows twice a year. In the other trial, which was carried out on farmers＇ fields, glyphosate （Roundup） at 2.0 l/ha was tested against manual slashing. In the study of the establishment phase, neither the girth nor height of the cashew seedlings was significantly affected by the treatments. The first year and four year cumulative cashew yields were significantly affected by treatments with the intercrops giving higher yields than the glyphosate-treated plots. Intercropping as a weed control measure was generally more costly than glyphosate application or manual weeding. In the mature trials, chemical weed control slightly improved cashew nut yield and was cheaper to apply. It is recommended to adopt chemical weed control in cashew cultivation in Ghana.

关键词： Cashew weed management herbicide application manual weeding yield.

Waterscape, State and Situation of China’s Water Resources

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2020年第10期8卷 26-51页

作者： Kwabena Agyarko Sarpong Wanzhen Xu Julius Mensah-akoto James Kortey Neequaye Adelaide Angela Dadzie Obeng Frimpong School of the Environment and Safety Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China Graduate School of Life and Earth Sciences University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan Department of Development and Environmental Studies Wisconsin International University College Accra Ghana Department of Silviculture and Forest Management Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

Water is one of the most critical issues of concern in China’s ongoing rapid economic development. The resource is scarce and demand is growing as China becomes more industrialized and urbanized. The situation is exacerbated by natural and anthropogenic events such as climate change, pollution, exorbitant patterns of water consumption, and an uneven distribution of water resources, with devastating impacts on ecosystems, international relations, food security and public health. In this paper, an overview of China’s water resources is presented. Studies on distribution, consumption patterns and pollution of water resources are reviewed in order to understand the over-exploited and unexplored dimensions of the Chinese water landscape. The status of water resources is also studied with an intention of providing information on the dynamics of water quality and quantity. The paper concludes with a discussion on China’s commitment to rebalancing its water growth model and the measures taken to achieve that.

关键词： China Water Consumption Climate Change Pollution Population

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Escherichia Coli and Salmonella Typhi Isolated from Meat and Fish Samples from Selected Markets in a Metropolis and District in Ghana

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2023年第4期13卷 675-691页

作者： John Antwi Apenteng Nicholas Agyepong Raymond Ashalley Tetteh Jonathan Asante Esther Eyram Asare Yeboah Tracy Turkson Emmanuel Sarpong Vera Ampomabea akoto Theodora Sefa Danquah Department of Pharmaceutical Science School of Pharmacy Central University Accra Ghana Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sunyani Technical University Sunyani Ghana Department of Pharmacy Practice School of Pharmacy Central University Accra Ghana Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana

Antimicrobial resistance has become a major challenge to the treatment and prevention of infections resulted in high morbidity and mortality globally. The inappropriate or abuse of antibiotics in animal farming is a key factor and thus led to the emergence of bacteria resistance and subsequent transfer of resistance genes to humans through the food chain. This study was to determine the prevalence of Salmonella typhi (S. typhi) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolated from various meat and fish samples and their susceptibility patterns against five commonly used antibiotics in Ghana (Ciprofloxacin 5 μg, Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid 20/10 μg, Imipenem 10 μg, Tetracycline 30 μg and Ceftazidime 30 μg). A total of 105 meat and fish samples were obtained from Tema and Prampram markets and bacteria isolation was carried out using appropriate selective microbial culture media and various biochemical methods for identification. The susceptibility patterns were determined using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and the results were interpreted using the CLSI 2020 guidelines. The results revealed a total of 56 bacterial isolates comprising 14 E. coli (25%) and 42 S. typhi (75%) isolated from the meat and fish samples. The antibiogram study showed a high resistance rate (88.64%) of S. typhi isolates to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and tetracycline (97.73%). A moderate susceptibility of the isolates was obtained with imipenem (53.27%). All the E. coli isolates were resistant to tetracycline (100%) and demonstrated 78.57% and 50% resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and ceftazidime respectively. A total of 78.57% of the E. coli isolates and 68.18% of S. typhi isolates showed multidrug resistance. The multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index for all the isolates ranged from 0.2 to 1.00 with two S. typhi isolates and one E. coli isolate having a MAR index of 1.00 signifying total resistance to all the 5 antibiotics tested. In conclusion, E. coli and S. typhi isolated from

关键词： Antibiotic Resistance Escherichia coli Salmonella typhi Meat Fish

Evaluation of Potential Cashew Clones for Utilization in Ghana

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2014年第4期4卷 232-239页

作者： Abu Mustapha Dadzie Paul Kwesi Krah Adu-Gyamfi Stephen Yaw Opoku Julius Yeboah Abraham Akpertey Kwabena Opoku-Ameyaw Michael Assuah Esther Gyedu-akoto Wiseborn Bismark Danquah Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana (CRIG) Tafo-Akim Ghana Department of Plant Pathology University of California Davis USA

Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L) is an important cash crop cultivated by about 3 million households in Africa and serves as the livelihood for many African farmers, especially Ghana. Despite the importance of cashew as a commodity crop with increasing cultivation in Northern Ghana, the crop is challenged with problems such as, low and variable nut yields, low kernel out turn percentage and susceptibility to insect pests as a result of establishing cashew farms with unselected seeds. In order to address the challenges, the Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana established a clonal evaluation trial in Northern Ghana (dry savanna vegetation) to indentify promising clones for subsequent distribution to cashew farmers as an interim measure. The trials consisted of ten different clones planted in Randomised Completed Block Design (RCBD) with four replicates. Parameters evaluated were yield, yield efficiency, nut weight, percentage out turn and canopy area. Data analysis was performed with Gen Stat version 11.0 and the results revealed significant differences (P < 0.05) in the performance of the clones in all the parameters considered. Such differences allowed the identification of promising clones over other clones tested. A few clones combined two or three traits (parameters) which were significantly different from the rest of the clones evaluated. No single clone was found to be significantly different from the rest in terms of all the parameters considered. However a greater proportion of the clones were found to produce yields far above average yields recorded by unselected cashew trees in farmers’ fields. Clones W266 and W278 seem outstanding for most of the parameters considered, though not exclusive.

关键词： Cashew Clone Yield Kernel and Efficiency

Waste Management Workers’ Safety Concerns during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Ghana

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Ecological and Human Health Risk Assessment of Pesticide Residues in Fish and Sediments from Vea Irrigation Reservoir

Journal of Environmental Protection（环境保护） 2022年第9期

作者： julius mensah-akoto kenichi matsui

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监狱环境中痰涂片阳性肺结核病:象牙海岸布瓦凯省劳改营的经验

Journal of Environmental Protection（环境保护） 2021年第4期

作者： Kanton Bello Richard Danladi Osei akoto

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国际结核病与肺部疾病杂志 1997年第2期 75-78页

作者： N.Koffi A.K.Ngom E.Aka-Danguy A.Seka A.akoto D.Fadiga 杨枕旦 Department of pulmonology CHU de CocodyAbidjan Department of pulmonology CHU de Bouake Ivory Coast

背景:象牙海岸布瓦凯省监狱的劳改营目的:确定布瓦凯省监狱劳改营中涂片阳性肺结核病的临床、放射学和治疗的特点方法:本研究包括从未经过治疗的108例痰涂片阳性肺结核病人。推荐对所有病人采用为期6个月的三联化学疗法。结果:在所研究... 详细信息

背景:象牙海岸布瓦凯省监狱的劳改营目的:确定布瓦凯省监狱劳改营中涂片阳性肺结核病的临床、放射学和治疗的特点方法:本研究包括从未经过治疗的108例痰涂片阳性肺结核病人。推荐对所有病人采用为期6个月的三联化学疗法。结果:在所研究的监犯中,痰涂片阳性肺结核发病率非高(5.8％)。大多数病例结核感染还并发有营养不良(75％)。贫血(70％)和皮肤病(64％)。有30％的病例有HIV感染,50％的病例嗜烟酒。70％的病例X线片上可见广泛病损。为期6个月的治疗方案是有效的:108例中有80例(74.1％)治愈,占完成治疗的99.6％。然而,死亡率也是令人吃惊地占了24％,即每4例病人中有1例死亡。坐牢的主要原因是偷窃(73％)。结论:需进行另一些流行病学研究以确认促使结核病在此非常特殊的环境中从感染到发病的因素,并改善监犯的社会-卫生条件。

关键词：监狱结核病 HIV阳性象牙海岸

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生物燃料发展概况

生物产业技术 2007年第2期 21-32页

作者：刘力强王富强段宝玲李立强李寅林章凛 akoto WO Anton DL杜邦公司生物燃油部马延和曹竹安陈代杰黄品奇张华王正品华北制药集团生物质燃料组中国科学院微生物研究所清华大学化工系杜邦公司生物燃油部上海医药工业研究院

近几年来，国际油价不断上涨，不可再生能源资源日益减少，石油能源危机即将来到。面对即将到来的能源危机，全世界都认识到必须采取开源节流的战略，即一方面节约能源，另一方面开发新能源。全球正在大力开发生物质能，太阳能、水能、... 详细信息

近几年来，国际油价不断上涨，不可再生能源资源日益减少，石油能源危机即将来到。面对即将到来的能源危机，全世界都认识到必须采取开源节流的战略，即一方面节约能源，另一方面开发新能源。全球正在大力开发生物质能，太阳能、水能、风能和地热能等可再生能源并开始逐步替代矿物能源。其中，以生物质能发展最为迅速，将成为发展的重点。生物质能源的开发与利用主要包括两方面：生物质能源发电和制备生物液体燃料如生物乙醇，生物丁醇、生物柴油等。生物质液体燃料作为液体交通燃料的唯一可再生替代能源，得到了迅猛发展。

关键词：生物质生物燃料液体燃料纤维素

对金融机构的信任会促进正规储蓄吗——来自加纳的实证证据

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国际社会科学杂志（中文版） 2020年第4期37卷 64-81,6,10页

作者：塞缪尔·塔维亚·拜杜琳达·阿科托赵元元(译) 加纳库马西的夸梅·恩克鲁玛理工大学经济学系莱贡的加纳大学经济学系不详

一些个体的特征被人们确定为影响个人决定采用正规方式储蓄的因素,但信任在决策中所发挥的作用实际上并没有得到人们的重视,而在人类做出经济决定时,信任往往被视为非常关键的因素。本文研究了信任对个人作出在金融机构储蓄决策时所产... 详细信息

一些个体的特征被人们确定为影响个人决定采用正规方式储蓄的因素,但信任在决策中所发挥的作用实际上并没有得到人们的重视,而在人类做出经济决定时,信任往往被视为非常关键的因素。本文研究了信任对个人作出在金融机构储蓄决策时所产生的影响。我们使用原始数据并应用二分常量概率回归法进行分析。结果显示,除了其他因素之外,大力增进个体的信任,对于促进正规的储蓄方式而言尤为关键。基于这些研究发现,本文提出了有关如何谋求恢复个人对金融机构的信任的重要政策启示。

关键词：金融机构政策启示实证证据储蓄信任发挥的作用原始数据正规