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Pulse-burst laser-based 10kHz thomson scattering measurements

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Plasma Science and technology 2019年第10期21卷 83-90页

作者： Zichen HE Cary SMItH Zhili ZHANG theodore M BIEWER Naibo jiang Paul S HSU Sukesh ROY Mechanical Aerospace and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of TennesseeKnoxville TN 37996 United States of America Fusion Energy Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak Ridge TN 37931United States of America Spectral Energies LLC Dayton OH 45431United States of America

thomson scattering (tS), as a popular and reliable diagnostic technique, has successfully measured electron temperatures and electron number densities of plasmas for many years. However, conventional tS techniques using Nd:YAG lasers operate only at tens of hertz. Here, we present the development of a high-repetition-rate tS instrument based on a high-speed, pulse-burst laser system to greatly increase the temporal resolution of measurements. Successful instrument prototype testing was carried out by collecting tS light from laboratory helium and argon plasmas at 10 kHz. Calibration of the instrument detection sensitivity using nitrogen/ oxygen rotational Raman scattering signal is also presented. Quantitative electron number densities and electron temperatures of the plasma were acquired at 10 kHz, for stable plasma discharges as, respectively,~0.9 eV and ~5.37×10^21 m^-3 for the argon plasma, and ~1 eV and ~6.5×10^21 m^-3 for the helium plasma.

关键词： thomson scattering high-speed pulse-burst laser

New spinal robotic technologies

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Frontiers of Medicine 2019年第6期13卷 723-729页

作者： Bowen jiang tej DAzad Ethan Cottrill Corinna CZygourakis Alex MZhu Neil Crawford Nicholas theodore Department of Neurosurgery Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287USA Department of Neurosurgery Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA 94305USA Globus Medical Inc.AudubonPA 19403USA

Robotic systems in surgery have developed rapidly. Installations of the da Vinci Surgical System® (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA,, USA), widely used in urological and gynecological procedures, have nearly doubled in the United States from 2010 to 2017. Robotics systems in spine surgery have been adopted more slowly;however, users are enthusiastic about their applications in this subspecialty. Spinal surgery often requires fine manipulation of vital structures that must be accessed via limited surgical corridors and can require repetitive tasks over lengthy periods of time — issues for which robotic assistance is well-positioned to complement human ability. to date, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved 7 robotic systems across 4 companies for use in spinal surgery. the available clinical data evaluating their efficacy have generally demonstrated these systems to be accurate and safe. A critical next step in the broader adoption of surgical robotics in spine surgery is the design and implementation of rigorous comparative studies to interrogate the utility of robotic assistance. Here we discuss current applications of robotics in spine surgery, review robotic systems FDA-approved for use in spine surgery, summarize randomized controlled trials involving robotics in spine surgery, and comment on prospects of robotic-assisted spine surgery.

关键词： robotics spine surgery Mazor ExcelsiusGPS ROSA pedicle screw

Discovery of Female Laudakia papenfussi Zhao,1998,with Insights into its Phylogenetic Relationships

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Asian Herpetological Research 2016年第2期7卷 122-130页

作者： Dahu ZOU Fang YAN Ke jiang Jing CHE Robert W.MURPHY theodore J.PAPENFUSS Shuangquan DUAN Song HUANG School of Sciences Tibet University College of Life and Environment Sciences Huangshan University State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Biology Royal Ontario Museum Department of Integrative Biology Museum of Vertebrate ZoologyUniversity of California

the sole voucher of Papenfuss＇ Rock Agama, Laudakia papenfussi （CIB 775001）, an adult male, was collected from Zanda, tibet, China on July 1, 1976 and described in 1998. No information on this species appeared since its description. In September 2014, we collected one female and six males at the type locality. Based on the original description and these newly collected specimens, we re-describe this species. Principal components analysis based on 33 morphological characteristics clearly diagnose L. papenfussi from closely related species. One way ANOVA test shows significant differences among four tibetan rock agamas for 9 characters at 95% significant level, and 8 characters at 99% significant level. Molecular analyses recover three main clades in Laudakia. the four tibetan rock agamas place into two geographical groups： Yarlung Zangbo group （L. sacra and L. wui） and the Himalayan group （L. tuberculata and L. papenfussi）.

关键词： Papenfuss' Rock Agama tibetan Plateau morphology phylogeny

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《嘉莉妹妹》中的戏剧叙事

安康学院学报 2024年第4期36卷 66-72页

作者：蒋贤萍西北师范大学外国语学院甘肃兰州730070

美国小说家西奥多·德莱塞的《嘉莉妹妹》是典型的跨媒介叙事文本,属于“戏剧-小说”次文类。小说不仅包含丰富的戏剧媒介指涉,而且融入大量的戏剧文本,并对演员和观众等剧场生态进行详尽描写。通过跨媒介的戏剧叙事,小说揭示出十九世... 详细信息

美国小说家西奥多·德莱塞的《嘉莉妹妹》是典型的跨媒介叙事文本,属于“戏剧-小说”次文类。小说不仅包含丰富的戏剧媒介指涉,而且融入大量的戏剧文本,并对演员和观众等剧场生态进行详尽描写。通过跨媒介的戏剧叙事,小说揭示出十九世纪末美国社会以消费文化和戏剧风格为特征的情感结构,对传统的自我概念提出挑战。德莱塞将作为高雅文学的现实主义小说与作为流行文化的戏剧表演融合在一起,实现了文学艺术的创新与发展,激发了读者的阅读兴趣,丰富了读者的审美体验。

关键词：德莱塞《嘉莉妹妹》戏剧叙事跨媒介情感结构

Al-induced proteomics changes in tomato plants over-expressing a glyoxalase I gene

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 2114-2128页

作者： Xudong Sun Hui Li Santosh thapa Sasikiran Reddy Sangireddy Xiaobo Pei Wei Liu Yuping jiang Shaolan Yang Dafeng Hui Sarabjit Bhatti Suping Zhou Yong Yang tara Fish theodore W.thannhauser Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences College of AgricultureTennessee State University3500 John A Merritt BlvdNashvilleTN 37209USA College of Horticulture Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaianShandongP.R.China R.W.Holley Center for Agriculture and Health USDA-ARSCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA

Glyoxalase I(Gly I)is the first enzyme in the glutathionine-dependent glyoxalase pathway for detoxification of methylglyoxal(MG)under stress *** tomato‘Money Maker’plants overexpressing tomato SlGlyI gene(tomato unigene accession SGN-U582631/Solyc09g082120.3.1)were generated and homozygous lines were obtained after four generations of *** this study,SlGlyI-overepxressing line(GlyI),wild type(Wt,negative control)and plants transformed with empty vector(ECtr,positive control),were subjected to Al-treatment by growing in Magnavaca’s nutrient solution(pH 4.5)supplemented with 20μM Al3+ion *** 30 days of treatments,the fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots of plants from Al-treated conditions decreased significantly compared to the non-treated conditions for all the three *** compared across the three lines,root fresh and dry weight of GlyI was significant higher than Wt and ECtr,whereas there was no difference in shoot *** basal 5mm root-tips of GlyI plants expressed a significantly higher level of glyoxalase activity under both non-Al-treated and Al-treated conditions compared to the two control *** Al-treated condition,there was a significant increase in MG content in ECtr and Wt lines,but not in GlyI *** proteomics analysis using tandem mass tags mass spectrometry identified 4080 quantifiable proteins and 201 Al-induced differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)in roottip tissues from GlyI,and 4273 proteins and 230 DEPs from *** Al-down-regulated DEPs were classified into molecular pathways of gene transcription,RNA splicing and protein biosynthesis in both GlyI and ECtr *** Alinduced DEPs in GlyI associated with tolerance to Al3+and MG toxicity are involved in callose degradation,cell wall components(xylan acetylation and pectin degradation),oxidative stress(antioxidants)and turnover of Al-damaged epidermal cells,repair of damaged DNA,epigenetics,gene transcription,and prote

关键词： expressing transformed roots

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基于攻击行为预测的网络防御策略

浙江大学学报（工学版） 2014年第12期48卷 2144-2151,2229页

作者：任午令赵翠文姜国新 David Maimon theodore Wilson Bertrand Sobesto 浙江工商大学网络信息中心浙江杭州310018 浙江工商大学计算机与信息工程学院浙江杭州310018 马里兰大学克拉克工程学院马里兰州美国md20742

为了有效阻止网络攻击行为,提出一种基于攻击行为预测的网络攻击防御方法.针对入侵者的攻击行为具有强的随机性和不确定性,部署高交互蜜罐网络,采集入侵者攻入主机后的攻击数据,构建攻击状态转移图;利用隐马尔可夫模型(HMM)具有较为精... 详细信息

为了有效阻止网络攻击行为,提出一种基于攻击行为预测的网络攻击防御方法.针对入侵者的攻击行为具有强的随机性和不确定性,部署高交互蜜罐网络,采集入侵者攻入主机后的攻击数据,构建攻击状态转移图;利用隐马尔可夫模型(HMM)具有较为精确的似然度概率计算的特点,设计网络攻击行为预测模型.以攻击行为预测模型为核心,结合常用的入侵防御系统,构建主动防御策略,并开发相应的原型系统,将之部署到真实的网络系统中进行攻击实验.通过累计5个月真实数据的训练和验证,预测模型的准确率达到80%.结果表明该策略具有良好的网络攻击对抗性,可有效地用于预防网络攻击.

关键词：蜜罐网络隐马尔可夫模型入侵防御系统

Pedicle screw accuracy assessment in ExcelsiusGPS?robotic spine surgery:evaluation of deviation from pre-planned trajectory

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Chinese Neurosurgical Journal 2018年第3期4卷 118-123页

作者： Bowen jiang A.Karim Ahmed Corinna C.Zygourakis Samuel Kalb Alex M.Zhu Jakub Godzik Camilo A.Molina Ari M.Blitz Ali Bydon Neil Crawford Nicholas theodore Department of Neurosurgery The Johns Hopkins School of MedicineThe Johns Hopkins Hospital600 N.Wolfe StreetMeyer 7-113BaltimoreMD 21287USA Department of Neurosurgery Barrow Neurological InstituteSt.Joseph’s Hospital and Medical CenterPhoenixAZUSA Department of Neuroradiology Johns Hopkins School of MedicineThe Johns Hopkins Hospital600 N Wolfe StBaltimoreMD 21287USA Department of Neurosurgery Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine1800 Orleans StreetZayed Tower Mailstop 6007Baltimore 21287MDUSA Globus Medical Inc 2560 General Armistead AveAudubon 19403PAUSA

Background: the ExcelsiusGPS?(Globus Medical, Inc., Audubon, PA) is a next-generation spine surgery robotic system recently approved for use in the United States. the objective of the current study is to assess pedicle screw accuracy and clinical outcomes among two of the first operative cases utilizing the ExcelsiusGPS?robotic system and describe a novel metric to quantify screw deviation. Methods: two patients who underwent lumbar fusion at a single institution with the ExcelsiusGPS?surgical robot were included. Pre-operative trajectory planning was performed from an intra-operative Ct scan using the O-arm (Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, MN). After robotic-assisted screw implantation, a post-operative Ct scan was obtained to confirm ideal screw placement and accuracy with the planned trajectory. A novel pedicle screw accuracy algorithm was devised to measure screw tip/tail deviation distance and angular offset on axial and sagittal planes. Screw accuracy was concurrently determined by a blinded neuroradiologist using the traditional Gertzbein-Robbins method. Clinical variables such as symptomatology, operative data, and post-operative follow-up were also collected. Results: Eight pedicle screws were placed in two L4-L5 fusion cases. Mean screw tip deviation was 2.1 mm (range 0.8-5.2 mm), mean tail deviation was 3.2 mm (range 0.9-5.4 mm), and mean angular offset was 2.4 degrees (range 0.7-3.8 degrees). All eight screws were accurately placed based on the Gertzbein-Robbins scale (88% Grade A and 12% Grade B). there were no cases of screw revision or new post-operative deficit. Both patients experienced improvement in Frankel grade and Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score by 6 weeks post-op. Conclusion: the ExcelsiusGPS? robot allows for precise execution of an intended pre-planned trajectory and accurate screw placement in the first patients to undergo robotic-assisted fusion with this technology.

关键词： Robotic spine surgery Robot-assisted surgery Excelsius GPS® Gertzbein-Robbins Pedicle screw accuracy

Effectiveness of an Indoor Air Pollution (IAP) Intervention on Reducing IAP and Improving Women’s Health Status in Rural Areas of Gansu Province, China

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Open Journal of Air Pollution 2015年第1期4卷 26-37页

作者： Yibin Cheng Jiaqi Kang Fan Liu Bryan A. Bassig Brian Leaderer Gongli He theodore R. Holford Ning tang Jian Wang Jian He Yanchang Liu Yingchun Liu jiang Liu Xun Chen Heng Gu Xiao Ma tongzhang Zheng Yinlong Jin Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing China Yale School of Public Health New Haven USA Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing China Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Lanzhou China West China School of Public Health Sichuan University Chengdu China

Given the deleterious health effects associated with indoor air pollution (IAP), this study was conducted to evaluate an IAP intervention in rural areas in Gansu, one of the poorest provinces of China. We selected 371 rural households to take part in intervention measures including stove improvement and health education. Eight of 371 households were selected to conduct IAP sampling. Four hundred and thirteen women in these households completed a questionnaire and 49 women took part in lung function tests. After the intervention, PM4 levels reduced from 455 μg/m3 to 200 μg/m3 and CO reduced from 3.40 ppm to 2.90 ppm in indoor air. the percentage of predicted value of FEV1 and FVC improved to some degree after the intervention, but all the parameters of lung function assessment did not show a significant change. Prevalence rates of several symptoms associated with IAP significantly declined in the study population, compared with baseline levels. Intervention measures combining stove improvement with health education were effective in reducing IAP levels. Women’s health status, including eye and respiratory symptoms, also showed improvement. However, the effect on lung function was not apparent and warranted additional follow-up. Similarly, evaluation of the long term effects of the IAP intervention will require future studies.

关键词： Indoor Air Pollution Biomass Lung Function Respiratory System

Lessons learned:Symbiotic autonomous robot ecosystem for nuclear environments

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IEt Cyber-Systems and Robotics 2023年第4期5卷 63-86页

作者： Daniel Mitchell Paul Dominick Emor Baniqued Abdul Zahid Andrew West Bahman Nouri Rahmat Abadi Barry Lennox Bin Liu Burak Kizilkaya David Flynn David John Francis Erwin Jose Lopez Pulgarin Guodong Zhao Hasan Kivrak Jamie Rowland Douglas Blanche Jennifer David Jingyan Wang Joseph Bolarinwa Kanzhong Yao Keir Groves Liyuan Qi Mahmoud A.Shawky Manuel Giuliani Melissa Sandison Olaoluwa Popoola Ognjen Marjanovic Paul Bremner Samuel thomas Harper Shivoh Nandakumar Simon Watson Subham Agrawal theodore Lim thomas Johnson Wasim Ahmad Xiangmin Xu Zhen Meng Zhengyi jiang James Watt School of Engineering Autonomous Systems and Connectivity DivisionUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of ManchesterManchesterUK Bristol Robotics Laboratory University of the West of EnglandBristolUK Heriot-Watt University EdinburghUK

Nuclear facilities have a regulatory requirement to measure radiation levels within Post Operational Clean Out(POCO)around nuclear facilities each year,resulting in a trend towards robotic deployments to gain an improved understanding during nuclear decommissioning *** UK Nuclear Decommissioning Authority supports the view that human-in-the-loop(HItL)robotic deployments are a solution to improve procedures and reduce risks within radiation characterisation of nuclear *** authors present a novel implementation of a Cyber-Physical System(CPS)deployed in an analogue nuclear environment,comprised of a multi-robot(MR)team coordinated by a HItL operator through a digital twin *** development of the CPS created efficient partnerships across systems including robots,digital systems and *** was presented as a multi-staged mission within an inspection scenario for the hetero-geneous Symbiotic Multi-Robot Fleet(SMuRF).Symbiotic interactions were achieved across the SMuRF where robots utilised automated collaborative governance to work together,where a single robot would face challenges in full characterisation of *** contributions include the demonstration of symbiotic autonomy and query-based learning of an autonomous mission supporting scalable autonomy and autonomy as a *** coordination of the CPS was a success and displayed further challenges and improvements related to future MR fleets.

关键词： cyber-systems field robotics hazardous inspection human robot interaction industrial robotics mobile robots multi-agent systems multi-robot systems robotics service robots