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Chinese Physics B 2015年第6期24卷 607-612页

作者： Tijjani Adam U.HAshim th s.dhahi Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering(INEE) Universiti Malaysia Perlis(UniMAP) Physics Department College of Education for Pure ScienceBasra University

A functionalized silicon nanowire field-effect transistor （siNW FET） was fabricated to detect single molecules in the pM range to detect disease at the early stage with a sensitive, robust, and inexpensive method with the ability to provide specific and reliable data. the device was designed and fabricated by indented ash trimming via shallow anisotropic etching. the approach is a simple and low-cost technique that is compatible with the current commercial semiconductor standard CMOs process without an expensive deep reactive ion etcher. specific electric changes were observed for DNA sensing when the nanowire surface was modified with a complementary captured DNA probe and target DNA through an organic linker （--OCH2CH3） using organofunctional alkoxysilanes （3-aminopropyl） triethoxysilane （APTEs）. With this surface modification, a single specific target molecule can be detected. the simplicity of the sensing domain makes it feasible to miniaturize it for the development of a cancer detection kit, facilitating its use in both clinical and non-clinical environments to allow non-expert interpretation. With its novel electric response and potential for mass commercial fabrication, this biosensor can be developed to become a portable/point of care biosensor for both field and diagnostic applications.

关键词： silicon nanowire biosensor specific DNA detection anisotropic etching si-ash-trimming semi-conductor pH sensor

Using mixed integer programming and airborne laser scanning to generate forest management units

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第1期33卷 217-226页

作者： Adrián Pascual sándor FTóth Forest Research Centre School of AgricultureUniversity of LisbonTapada da Ajuda1349-017 LisboaPortugal school of Forest sciences University of Eastern FinlandP.O.Box 11180101 JoensuuFinland school of Environmental and Forest sciences University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA

Airborne laser scanning(ALs)has been widely applied to estimate tree and forest attributes,but it can also drive the segmentation of forest *** algorithms are the dominant technique in segmentation but spatial optimization using exact methods remains *** study presents a novel approach to segmentation based on mixed integer programming to create forest management units(FMUs).this investigation focuses on using raster information derived from ALs *** mainstream clustering algorithms were compared to the new MIP formula that simultaneously accounts for area and adjacency restrictions,FMUs size and homogeneity in terms of vegetation *** optimal problem solution was found when using less than 150 cells,showing the problem formulation is *** results for MIP were better than for the clustering algorithms;FMUs were more compact based on the intravariation of canopy height and the variability in size was *** MIP model allows the user to strictly control the size of FMUs,which is not possible in heuristic optimization and in the clustering algorithms *** definition of forest management units based on remote sensing data is an important operation and our study pioneers the use of MIP ALs-based optimal segmentation.

关键词： segmentation Precision forestry Optimization Mathematical programming Airborne laser scanning

Review of sodic soil Reclamation with a snapshot of Current Research Activity

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Chinese Geographical science 2022年第6期32卷 1099-1109页

作者： TÓth Tibor Institute for soil sciences Centre for Agricultural ResearchBudapest 1022Hungary

For centuries, reclamation of sodic soils has been an essential part of cropping practices in several parts of the world. Parallel to increasing population, the need for new cropland constantly re-evaluates land suitability concepts. therefore, the importance of sodic soils as potential croplands is increasing worldwide. Although theoretically farmers can choose from a wide variety of reclamation options, according to profitability, business plans, and human and financial resources, in practice, few reclamation methods are applied at large scale. this article touches on the early history, 20th Century intensive research, and current trends of sodic soil reclamation. New approaches such as leaching, chemical amendments, addition of organic material, and biological and microbial improvements are discussed, and also brand-new approaches are reviewed. the early history is reviewed using historical books, the achievements of the last hundred years using basic technical literature, mostly books, and the current approaches of our time with fresh publications, mostly papers and two very recent conferences published in English.

关键词： gypsuming liming chemical reclamation new technology sodic soil

structural Characterization of Laser Bonded sapphire Wafers Using a Titanium Absorber thin Film

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2015年第5期31卷 484-488页

作者： A.de Pablos-Martín s.Tismer th.Hche Fraunhofer Institute for Mechanics of Materials IWM Walter-Hlse-Str.106120 HalleGermany

Two sapphire substrates were tightly bonded by irradiation with a 1064 nm nanosecond laser and using a sputtered 50 nm-titanium thin film as an absorbing *** laser irradiation,aluminum from the upper substrate is incorporated into the thin film,forming Ti-Al-O *** the irradiated region becomes transparent,the bond quality was evaluated by scanning acoustic microscopy.

关键词： Laser welding Absorbing film sapphire wafer bondin

Clinical significance of lymphadenectomy in patients with gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2016年第2期8卷 136-146页

作者： dezso tóth jános plósz miklós torok department of general surgery kenézy teaching hospital4043 DebrecenHungary department of internal medicine kenézy teaching hospital4043 Debrecen Hungary department of pathology kenézy teaching hospital4043 Debrecen Hungary

Approximately thirty percent of patients with gastric cancer undergo an avoidable lymph node dissection with a higher rate of postoperative complication. Comparing the D1 and D2 dissections,it was found that there is a significant difference in morbidity,favoured D1 dissection without any difference in overall survival. subgroup analysis of patients with T3 tumor shows a survival difference favoring D2 lymphadenectomy,and there is a better gastric cancer-related death and non-statistically significant improvement of survival for node-positive disease in patients with D2 dissection. However,the extended lymphadenectomy could improve stage-specific survival owing to the stage migration phenomenon. the deployment of centralization and application of national guidelines could improve the surgical outcomes. the Japanese and European guidelines enclose the D2 lymphadenectomy as the gold standard in R0 resection. In the individualized,stageadapted gastric cancer surgery the Maruyama computer program(MCP) can estimate lymph node involvement preoperatively with high accuracy and in addition the Maruyama Index less than 5 has a better impact on survival,than D-level guided surgery. For these reasons,the preoperative application of MCP is recommended routinely,with an aim to perform "low Maruyama Index surgery". the sentinel lymph node biopsy(sNB) may decrease the number of redundant lymphadenectomy intraoperatively with a high detection rate(93.7%) and an accuracy of 92%. More accurate stage-adapted surgery could be performed using the MCP and sNB in parallel fashion in gastric cancer.

关键词： Gastric cancer surgery Lymphadenectomy sentinel node biopsy Maruyama computer program

Women in visual neural regeneration research

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 489-490页

作者： Tonia s.Rex David J.Calkins Vanderbilt Eye Institute Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTNUSA

the year 2024 marks the 60^(th)anniversary of Title IX and 25 years since the New York Times revealed bias against female faculty members at the Massachusetts Institute of *** take an opportunity here to examine the state of gender bias in a relatively new yet already prominent field,neural regeneration in the visual system,for which there is a well-defined context useful for this *** National Eye Institute(NEI)provided the first round of research funding for its Audacious Goals Initiative(AGI)on visual neural regeneration in 2013 and the last round in ***,we focus on this *** sources included PubMed,the National science Foundation(NsF),the NEI,the Blue Ridge Institute for Medical Research and data from the major professional organization for eye and vision research,the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology(ARVO).

关键词： neural visual Times

NORMALLY DIsTRIBUTED PROBABILITY MEAsURE ON thE METRIC sPACE OF NORMs

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Acta Mathematica scientia 2013年第5期33卷 1231-1242页

作者： Á.G.HORVÁth Department of Geometry Mathematical Institute Budapest University of Technology and Economics

In this paper we propose a method to construct probability measures on the space of convex bodies. For this purpose, first, we introduce the notion of thinness of a body. then we show the existence of a measure with the property that its pushforward by the thinness function is a probability measure of truncated normal distribution. Finally, we improve this method to find a measure satisfying some important properties in geometric measure theory.

关键词： Hausdorff metric Borel Dirac Haar and Lebesgue-measure space of convex bodies metric space of norms

Biological treatment of chicken feather waste for improved biogas production

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2011年第10期23卷 1747-1753页

作者： Gergely Forgcs saeid Alinezhad Amir Mirabdollah Elisabeth Feuk-Lagerstedt Ilona srvri Horvth school of Engineering University of Bors501 90 BorsSweden Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Chalmers University of Technology412 96 GteborgSweden school of Engineering University of Boras501 90 BorsSweden

A two-stage system was developed which combines the biological degradation of keratin-rich waste with the production of biogas. Chicken feather waste was treated biologically with a recombinant Bacillus megaterium strain showing keratinase activity prior to biogas production. Chopped, autoclaved chicken feathers （4%, W/V） were completely degraded, resulting in a yellowish fermentation broth with a level of 0.51 mg/mL soluble proteins after 8 days of cultivation of the recombinant strain. During the subsequent anaerobic batch digestion experiments, methane production of 0.35 Nm3/kg dry feathers （i.e., 0.4 Nm3/kg volatile solids of feathers）, corresponding to 80% of the theoretical value on proteins, was achieved from the feather hydrolyzates, independently of the pre- hydrolysis time period of 1, 2 or 8 days. Cultivation with a native keratinase producing strain, Bacillus licheniformis resulted in only 0.25 mg/mL soluble proteins in the feather hydrolyzate, which then was digested achieving a maximum accumulated methane production of 0.31 Nm3/kg dry feathers. Feather hydrolyzates treated with the wild type B. megaterium produced 0.21 Nm3 CH4/kg dry feathers as maximum yield.

关键词： anaerobic digestion feather waste keratinase, Bacillus licheniformis Bacillus megaterium gene expression

Monitoring spatiotemporal soil moisture changes in the subsurface of forest sites using electrical resistivity tomography (ERT)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第5期33卷 1649-1662页

作者： Julian Fäth Julius Kunz Christof Kneisel Institute of Geography and Geology University of WürzburgAm Hubland97074 WürzburgGermany

the effects of drought on tree mortality at forest stands are not completely understood. For assessing their water supply, knowledge of the small-scale distribution of soil moisture as well as its temporal changes is a key issue in an era of climate change. However, traditional methods like taking soil samples or installing data loggers solely collect parameters of a single point or of a small soil volume. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is a suitable method for monitoring soil moisture changes and has rarely been used in forests. this method was applied at two forest sites in Bavaria, Germany to obtain high-resolution data of temporal soil moisture variations. Geoelectrical measurements (2D and 3D) were conducted at both sites over several years (2015-2018/2020) and compared with soil moisture data (matric potential or volumetric water content) for the monitoring plots. the greatest variations in resistivity values that highly correlate with soil moisture data were found in the main rooting zone. Using the ERT data, temporal trends could be tracked in several dimensions, such as the interannual increase in the depth of influence from drought events and their duration, as well as rising resistivity values going along with decreasing soil moisture. the results reveal that resistivity changes are a good proxy for seasonal and interannual soil moisture variations. therefore, 2D- and 3D-ERT are recommended as comparatively non-laborious methods for small-spatial scale monitoring of soil moisture changes in the main rooting zone and the underlying subsurface of forested sites. Higher spatial and temporal resolution allows a better understanding of the water supply for trees, especially in times of drought.

关键词： Geoelectrical monitoring Forest ecology Hydrology soil water content

Primitive to conventional geometry projection for efficient phonon transport calculations

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 365-371页

作者： Xun Li simon thébaud Lucas Lindsay Materials science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA Univ Rennes INSA RennesCNRSInstitut FOTON-UMR 6082RennesFrance

the primitive Wigner-seitz cell and corresponding first Brillouin zone(FBZ)are typically used in calculations of lattice vibrational and transport properties as they contain the smallest number of degrees of freedom and thus have the cheapest computational ***,in complex materials,the FBZ can take on irregular shapes where lattice symmetries are not ***,conventional cells(with more atoms and regular shapes)are often used to describe materials,though dynamical and transport calculations are more *** we discuss an efficient anharmonic lattice dynamic method that maps conventional cell dynamics to primitive cell dynamics based on translational *** symmetries have not been utilized in typical lattice dynamical *** leads to phase interference conditions that act like conserved quantum numbers and a conservation rule for phonon scattering that is hidden in conventional dynamics which significantly reduces the computational *** demonstrate this method for phonon transport in a variety of materials with inputs from first-principles calculations and attribute its efficiency to reduced scattering phase space and fewer summations in scattering matrix element calculations.

关键词： phonon conventional primitive