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Bioactivity of essential oils of local plants against adult <i>Anopheles arabiensis</i>(Diptera: Culicidae) in Ethiopia

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2013年第8期4卷 805-809页

作者： Fekadu Massebo Mekuria Tadesse Meshesha Balkew teshome gebre-michael Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia Department of Biology Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Essential Oil Research Centre Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research Addis Ababa Ethiopia

The adulticidal activities of essential oils of eleven plants namely Chenopodium ambrosioides, Eucalyptus citriodora, Eucalyptus globules, Lippia adoensis, Mentha spicata, Nigella sativa, Ocimum lamiifolium, Ocimum suave, Piper nigrum, Schinus molle and Thymus vulgaris were assessed against a laboratory colony of Anopheles arabiensis in Ethiopia. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) glass bottle bioassay was adopted to conduct bioefficacy tests. For each replicate, ten blood-unfed female An. arabiensis were exposed to different concentrations of essential oils coated in glass bottles, and mortality was recorded at intervals of 5 minutes for one hour to assess the mean percentage mortality and LC50 and LC90 values. The residual toxicity of six essential oils was also assessed by exposing adult An. arabiensis in nylon netting Barraud cages treated by oils. Of all the essential oils assessed for adulticidal activities, O. suave was found to be toxic at low concentration (LC50 = of 0.0014 ml% v/v;LC90 = 0.0027 ml% v/v). The next efficacious oil was that of T. vulgaris with LC50 and LC90 values of 0.0028 ml% v/v and 0.005 ml% v/v, respectively. The lowest activity was due to S. molle, E. globulus and P. nigrum. At a concentration of 0.05 ml% v/v, O. suave killed 100% of An. arabiensis within five minutes of exposure, while P. nigrum at the same duration caused similar rate of mortality at a concentration of 50 fold. Residual toxicity tests revealed O. suave to persist for 15 days, killing all mosquitoes in the first five days and 80% up to 10 days. The lowest residual activity was noted for E. citriodora which persisted only for 2 days. The essential oil O. suave acquired the highest level of toxicity at low concentration and within a short time. The efficacious nature of most plants has an implication for more screening of components of these plants with potential adulticides and develops for mosquito control.

关键词： Adulticide Essential Oils Anopheles arabiensis Residual Toxicity Ethiopia

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Advances in All-Solid-State Lithium-Sulfur Batteries for Commercialization

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第9期16卷 209-246页

作者： Birhanu Bayissa Gicha Lemma teshome Tufa Njemuwa Nwaji Xiaojun Hu Jaebeom Lee Research Institute of Materials Chemistry Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea Institute of Fundamental Technological Research Polish Academy of Sciences02‑106 WarsawPoland School of Life Sciences Shanghai University200444 ShanghaiPeople’s Republic of China Department of Chemistry Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea

Solid-state batteries are commonly acknowledged as the forthcoming evolution in energy storage *** development progress for these rechargeable batteries has notably accelerated their trajectory toward achieving commercial *** particular,all-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries(ASSLSBs)that rely on lithium-sulfur reversible redox processes exhibit immense potential as an energy storage system,surpassing conventional lithium-ion *** can be attributed predominantly to their exceptional energy density,extended operational lifespan,and heightened safety *** these advantages,the adoption of ASSLSBs in the commercial sector has been *** expedite research and development in this particular area,this article provides a thorough review of the current state of *** delve into an in-depth analysis of the rationale behind transitioning to ASSLSBs,explore the fundamental scientific principles involved,and provide a comprehensive evaluation of the main challenges faced by *** suggest that future research in this field should prioritize plummeting the presence of inactive substances,adopting electrodes with optimum performance,minimizing interfacial resistance,and designing a scalable fabrication approach to facilitate the commercialization of ASSLSBs.

关键词： All-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries Commercialization Enhancement strategies Solid-state electrolytes Sulfurbased cathodes

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A Multi-Objective Optimization for Locating Maintenance Stations and Operator Dispatching of Corrective Maintenance

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 3519-3547页

作者： Chao-Lung Yang Melkamu Mengistnew teshome Yu-Zhen Yeh Tamrat Yifter Meles Department of Industrial Management National Taiwan University of Science and TechnologyTaipie106Taiwan Department of Industrial Engineering University of Gondar Institute of TechnologyGondar196Ethiopia

In this study,we introduce a novel multi-objective optimization model tailored for modern manufacturing,aiming to mitigate the cost impacts of operational disruptions through optimized corrective *** to our approach is the strategic placement of maintenance stations and the efficient allocation of personnel,addressing a crucial gap in the integration of maintenance personnel dispatching and station *** model uniquely combines the spatial distribution of machinery with the expertise of operators to achieve a harmonious balance between maintenance efficiency and *** core of our methodology is the NSGA Ⅲ+Dispatch,an advanced adaptation of the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm Ⅲ(NSGA-Ⅲ),meticulously designed for the selection of maintenance stations and effective operator *** method integrates a comprehensive coding process,crossover operator,and mutation operator to efficiently manage multiple *** empirical testing,including a detailed analysis from a taiwan region electronic equipment manufacturer,validated the effectiveness of our approach across various scenarios of machine failure frequencies and operator *** findings reveal that the proposed model significantly outperforms current practices by reducing response times by up to 23%in low-frequency and 28.23%in high-frequency machine failure scenarios,leading to notable improvements in efficiency and cost ***,it demonstrates significant improvements in oper-ational efficiency,particularly in selective high-frequency failure contexts,while ensuring substantial manpower cost savings without compromising on operational *** research significantly advances maintenance strategies in production environments,providing the manufacturing industry with practical,optimized solutions for diverse machine malfunction ***,the methodologies and principles developed in this study have pote

关键词： Corrective maintenance multi-objective optimization non-dominated sorting genetic algorithmⅢ operator allocation maintenance station location

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Zika virus infection, transmission, associated neurological disorders and birth abnormalities: A review of progress in research, priorities and knowledge gaps

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第10期6卷 815-824页

作者： Yitades gebre Nikkiah Forbes teshome gebre Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization Country Office National HIV/AIDS and Infectious Disease Programme Ministry of Health International Trachoma Initiative the Task Force for Global Health

On February 1, 2016, the World Health Organization declared that the cluster of microcephaly cases and other neurological disorders constitute public health emergency of international concern. Furthermore, few studies demonstrated that there was an increased evidence of causal relationship of Zika virus(ZIKAV) infection and microcephaly, birth abnormalities and neurological disorders such as Guillain–Barre′ *** transmission occurs mainly by the bite of infected mosquitos(Aedes species), but there are also reports that infections could occur via the placenta, breast milk, saliva,blood transfusion and sex. This article reviews the global efforts, progress in scientific research to understand the pathogenesis of ZIKAV infection & disease, clinical presentations, congenital transmission and autoimmune neurological disorders. The paper further explores the knowledge gaps, future priority research agenda for strategic response including vector control and prevention. We conducted a systematic literature review to synthesise available evidence on ZIKAV infection and its vector and host interaction from electronic databases.

关键词： Zika virus Zika virus transmission Vector Microcephaly Guillain–Barré syndrome Zika virus research

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The Ebola virus:a review of progress and development in research

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第12期4卷 928-936页

作者： Yitades gebre teshome gebre Abena Peters HIV/STI TB and Viral HepatitisPan American Health Organization/World Health Organization(PAHO/WHO) Regional Director for Africa Task Force for Global Health

The Ebola virus was identified in the year 1976 and has caused periodic outbreaks in West African *** disease has a case fatality rate up to 90%.Ebola has been classified as a biosafety level four pathogen and there is no currently approved vaccine or treatment for the ***,remarkable progress has been demonstrated by researchers in understanding the pathogenicity of the Ebola *** animal models have been cultivated to develop diagnostics,vaccines and therapeutic drugs.

关键词： Ebola virus disease Ebola vaccines Ebola therapeutic drugs Ebola non-human primates Ebola research

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Quantifying the impacts of spatiotemporal land use and land cover changes on soil loss across agroecologies and slope categories using GIS and RUSLE model in Zoa watershed,southwest Ethiopia

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Ecological Processes 2023年第1期12卷 344-364页

作者： Ginjo Gitima Menberu teshome Meseret Kassie Monika Jakubus Department of Geography and Environmental Studies University of GondarP.O.Box 196GondarEthiopia Department of Geography and Environmental Studies Debre Tabor UniversityP.O.Box 272Debre TaborEthiopia Department of Soil Science and Microbiology Poznan University of Life SciencesUl.Szydłowska 5060-656 PoznanPoland

Background Soil erosion in Ethiopian highlands is highly consistent with land use/land cover(LULC)changes that are associated with deforestation and a decline in ***,identifying soil erosion-prone areas and quantifying soil loss in rugged terrains and various agroecologies due to LULC changes have not been dedicated to scientific ***,we quantified the impacts of spatiotemporal LULC changes on soil loss across agroecologies and slope categories using GIS and RUSLE model from 1985 to 2021 in Zoa watershed,southwest ***,prioritizing erosion severity risks at sub-watersheds and quantifying temporal sediment yield is essential for better conservation *** images,rainfall,Digital Elevation Model,and soil data were obtained from field observations and secondary *** Bareland and farmland have been expanding at the expense of other land use *** annual soil loss in the watershed ranged from 0 to 113.21 t ha^(-1) year^(-1),0 to 163.16 t ha^(-1) year^(-1),and 0 to 194.58 t ha^(-1) year^(-1)with a mean annual soil loss of 21.07,29.35 and 40.93 t ha^(-1) year^(-1) in 1985,2000,and 2021,*** LULC classes,the highest soil loss was generated from bareland(31.73 t ha^(-1) year^(-1))and farmland(27.08 t ha^(-1) year^(-1))in 1985 later upsurged to 35.52 t ha^(-1) year^(-1)and 59.91 t ha^(-1) year^(-1) in 2021,respectively,due to the maximum susceptibility of soil erosion risks from unprotected *** results also revealed that the lowland agroecology generated the highest mean soil loss of 24.05 t ha^(-1) year^(-1)in 1985,39.74 t ha^(-1) year^(-1) in 2000,and increased to 57.55 t ha^(-1) year^(-1)in *** the slope categories,the highest and most excruciating soil loss was engendered from steep(35.55–60.78 t ha–1 year–1)and very steep(52.48–72.69 t ha^(-1) year^(-1))slope terrains during 1985–*** northwestern part of the watershed is the most erosion-prone area which is now ex

关键词： Soil erosion RUSLE Land use/land cover Slope gradient Tolerable soil loss Soil conservation

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Runoff and soil loss responses of cultivated land managed with graded soil bunds of different ages in the Upper Blue Nile basin,Ethiopia

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Ecological Processes 2020年第1期9卷 789-806页

作者： Mengie Belayneh teshome Yirgu Dereje Tsegaye Department of Geography and Environmental Studies Arba Minch UniversityP.O.Box 21Arba MinchEthiopia Department of Geography and Environmental Studies Mettu UniversityP.O.Box 318MettuEthiopia Department of Plant Science College of Agricultural SciencesArba Minch UniversityP.O.Box 21Arba MinchEthiopia

Background:In view of a wide range of on-site and off-site impacts of soil erosion,different soil and water conservation measures have been implemented mainly over the last two decades in the Gumara watershed and Ethiopia at *** their effects have not been sufficiently documented,and maintenance of structures received very little *** study investigated the effectiveness of graded soil bunds of zero and 11 years of age in reducing runoff and soil *** hydrologically isolated experimental runoff plots(three treatments×two replicates)were prepared to observe rainfall,runoff,and sediment concentrations in the 2019 summer rainfall season(covering approximately 70%of the annual rainfall).Results:Newly constructed soil bunds reduced runoff by 34.94 and 25.56%compared to the old and non-treated counterparts,***,59.6 and 48.3%soil loss reductions were *** amount of soil loss in non-treated plots was twice that from the new plots and even 1.6 times higher than that from the old-graded soil bund *** rate of soil loss in the new-and old-graded soil bund-treated and non-treated plots was 23.5,45.6,and 58.1 t ha^(-1) year^(-1),***,the effectiveness of the old soil bunds was much lower(only^(-1)2.6 and−21.7%in runoff and soil loss,respectively)than its new *** soil bunds,in its new form,reduced runoff,runoff coefficient,and soil loss significantly(P<0.05).Regardless of the treatments,from the start of the rainy season to the end,runoff and runoff coefficient showed an increase,but sediment concentration *** constructed soil bund is the most effective in reducing runoff and soil ***:Graded soil bunds reduced runoff and soil loss significantly,but the rate even in the treated plots was very high when compared to both the soil loss tolerance(1-6 t ha^(-1) year^(-1))and formation rate(10-14 t ha^(-1) year^(-1))estimated for the ***,these structures need to be suppo

关键词： Erosion plots Runoff Runoff coefficient Sediment concentration Soil loss

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Allometric equations for aboveground biomass estimation of Olea europaea *** in Mana Angetu Forest

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2018年第1期4卷 1-13页

作者： Birhanu Kebede teshome Soromessa Center for Environmental Science College of Natural and Computational SciencesAddis Ababa UniversityAddis AbabaEthiopia

Introduction:African wild olive,Olea europaea ***(*** ***)Cif.,L‘Olivicoltore is widely distributed in dry forest and forest margins,often with Juniperus procera,in east Africa and *** reaches southern Africa,also India and China,ranging from tall trees to stunted *** best in good forest soil,but hardy and drought resistant once established,even in poor *** is used for firewood,charcoal,poles,posts,timber(furniture,carving,floors,and paneling),medicine(stem,bark,and leaves),bee forage,milk flavoring(smoking wood),toothbrushes(twigs),and walking *** the species has many economic and ecological functions,its environmental uses like carbon storage and climate change mitigation are less ***,the objective of the study was to develop species-specific allometric equations for *** *** using semi-destructive method and evaluate allometric models for estimating the aboveground biomass(AGB).Results and Discussions:After all the necessary biomass calculations were done,seven AGB equations were *** regression equations relate AGB with diameter at breast height(DBH),height(H),and density(ρ)individually and in *** of seven,four allometric equations were chosen based on goodness-of-fit statistics and three were *** selected models were tested for accuracy based on observed *** best models selected have higher R2-adj and lower residual standard error and Akaike information criterion than rejected *** relations for all selectedmodels are significant(p<0.000),which showed strong correlation of AGB with selected dendrometric ***,the AGB was strongly correlated with DBH and was not significantly correlated with wood density and height individually in *** *** allometric equation *** combination,AGB was strongly correlated with DBH and height;DBH and wood density;and the combination of DBH,height,and wood

关键词： AGB allometricequation biomass estimation Mana Angetu Forest Olea europaea subsp.cuspidata

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Conversion of savanna rangelands to bush dominated landscape in Borana,Southern Ethiopia

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Ecological Processes 2016年第1期5卷 60-77页

作者： teshome Abate Ayana Angassa School of Animal and Range Sciences Hawassa UniversityHawasaEthiopia

Introduction:Analyzing trends of land use systems and the changes occurred overtime is an effective way of assessing the impacts of land use/land cover(LULC)changes on ecosystem *** provides important insights for understanding the spatial patterns of land use *** rangelands of southern Ethiopia are adversely affected by increased human population pressure,encroachment of crop cultivation,and bush ***,it is vital to understand the trends of rangeland vegetation cover ***:This paper evaluates land use/land cover changes and spatial patterns between 1987 and 2003 in Yabelo(5426 km2),Borena rangelands of southern *** used a combination of three Landsat Thematic Mapper(TM)1987,Landsat TM 1995 and Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus(ETM+)2003,and local perceptions.A pixelbased supervised classification with maximum likelihood classifier was used to classify *** accuracy of classification was assessed for 1987(81.8%),1995(84.6%),and 2003(81.3%).Results:The results showed that the Borana rangelands had undergone substantial changes during the last 16 *** 1987 and 2003,we observed a considerable increase in woodland cover(11.7%),bushland cover(17%),cultivated land(72.5%),and settlements(79.8%).The results showed a rapid decline in grassland cover(7.7%),shrubby grassland cover(86%),and bareland(0.7%).The spatial pattern analysis indicate that the Borana rangeland was fragmented and characterized by the proliferation of large numbers of patches with a decline in patch index,increased patch density,and irregular shape of patches within a *** communities’perceptions indicate that recurrent drought,increased human population size,and expansion of cultivation were largely responsible for the observed LULC changes in the study ***:LULC changes contribute to rangeland degradation and weaken the traditional practices of rangeland *** suggest appropriate management measures to halt the

关键词： Bush encroachment Landscapepattern Remotesensing LULC Boranarangeland

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Effects of soil and water conservation practices on soil physicochemical properties in Gumara watershed, Upper Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia

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Ecological Processes 2019年第1期8卷 451-464页

作者： Mengie Belayneh teshome Yirgu Dereje Tsegaye Department of Geography and Environmental Studies Mettu UniversityBox 318MettuEthiopia Department of Geography and Environmental Studies Arba Minch UniversityBox 21Arba MinchEthiopia Department of Plant Science College of Agricultural SciencesArba Minch UniversityBox 21Arba MinchEthiopia

Background:Soil erosion is among the foremost causes of declining soil resources in Ethiopia,which in turn affect agricultural *** limit this problem,for the last two decades in Gumara watershed,soil and water conservation measures have been practiced through free labor community ***,their effect on soil fertility has not been *** study investigated the impact of implemented soil and water conservation measures on fertility improvement in the Gumara *** composite and core soil samples were taken from upstream,midstream,and downstream adjacent conserved and non-conserved cultivated and grazing *** soil fertility indicators were analyzed using standard laboratory ***:Soil and water conservation practices have resulted in a statistically significantly higher mean values of total nitrogen,exchangeable Na+and Mg2+at p<0.01,and of soil organic carbon and organic matter at p<0.05 in the *** clay content,soil reaction,cation exchange capacity,and exchangeable K+showed nonsignificant,but higher mean values in conserved ***,the effects of conservation practices on soil properties were found more effective in cultivated land uses as compared to that of grazing land *** is because conservation treatments had significant effects on organic carbon,total nitrogen,exchangeable Na+and Mg2+in cultivated land uses but only on exchangeable Na+in grazing land *** interaction effect of treatments and land uses did not reach a statistically significant result for any of the soil properties considered in this ***:Conservation measures have important implications for improving soil fertility in the Gumara ***,proper guidance and follow-up,use of agro-forestry and grass strips,and maintenance are required for the watershed’s sustainability and good soil conditions.

关键词： Soil properties Soil erosion Soil and water conservation Analysis of variance Gumara watershed

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