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From Hölder Continuous Solutions of 3d Incompressible Navier-Stokes Equations to No-Finite Time Blowup on [ 0,∞ ]

Advances in Pure Mathematics 2024年第9期14卷 695-743页

作者： terry E. Moschandreou TVdSB London Ontario London Canada

This article gives a general model using specific periodic special functions, that is, degenerate elliptic Weierstrass P functions composed with the LambertW function, whose presence in the governing equations through the forcing terms simplify the periodic Navier Stokes equations (PNS) at the centers of arbitrary r balls of the 3-Torus. The continuity equation is satisfied together with spatially periodic boundary conditions. The yicomponent forcing terms consist of a function F as part of its expression that is arbitrarily small in an r ball where it is associated with a singular forcing expression both for inviscid and viscous cases. As a result, a significant simplification occurs with a v3(vifor all velocity components) only governing PdE resulting. The extension of three restricted subspaces in each of the principal directions in the Cartesian plane is shown as the Cartesian product ℋ=Jx,t×Jy,t×Jz,t. On each of these subspaces vi,i=1,2,3is continuous and there exists a linear independent subspace associated with the argument of the W function. Here the 3-Torus is built up from each compact segment of length 2R on each of the axes on the 3 principal directions x, y, and z. The form of the scaled velocities for non zero scaled δis related to the definition of the W function such that e−W(ξ)=W(ξ)ξwhere ξdepends on t and proportional to δ→0for infinite time t. The ratio Wξis equal to 1, making the limit δ→0finite and well defined. Considering r balls where the function F=(x−ai)2+(y−bi)2+(z−ci)2−ηset equal to −1e+rwhere r>0. is such that the forcing is singular at every distance r of centres of cubes each containing an r-ball. At the centre of the balls, the forcing is infinite. The main idea is that a system of singular initial value problems with infinite forcing is to be solved for where the velocities are shown to be locally Hölder continuous. It is proven that the limit of these singular problems shifts the finite time blowup time ti∗for first and higher deriv

关键词： Navier-Stokes Periodic Navier-Stokes Equations 3-Torus Periodic Ball Sphere Hölder Continuous Functions Uniqueness Angular Velocity Velocity in Terms of Vorticity

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Effects of the level and source of dietary physically effective fiber on feed intake, nutrient utilization, heat energy, ruminal fermentation,and milk production by Alpine goats

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第2期17卷 312-324页

作者： Raquel V.Lourencon Amlan K.Patra Luana P.S.Ribeiro Ryszard Puchala Wei Wang terry A.Gipson Arthur L.Goetsch American Institute for Goat Research Langston University

Thirty-two primiparous and 31 multiparous Alpine goats were used to determine influences of diets varying in level and source of forage on performance in early to mid-lactation for 16 wk. diets consisted of 40%, 50%, 60%, and 70% forage(designated as 40F, 50F, 60F, and 70F, respectively) with 60F and 70F containing coarsely ground grass hay(primarily orchardgrass) and 40F and 50F containing cottonseed hulls, alfalfa pellets, and coarsely ground wheat hay. diets contained 15.9% to 16.3% crude protein and37.8%, 42.1%, 53.5%, and 55.4% neutral detergent fiber(NdF) with 10.0%, 15.8%, 50.1%, and 55.5% particle retention on a 19-mm sieve, and 26.1%, 29.6%, 38.3%, and 40.0% physically effective NdF(pe NdF) for 40F,50F, 60F, and 70F, respectively. dry matter intake(2.71, 2.75, 1.96, and 1.95 kg/d) and milk yield(2.82,2.71, 2.23, and 2.10 kg/d for 40F, 50F, 60F, and 70F, respectively) were lower(P diets highest in forage. digestion of organic matter was similar among diets(P > 0.05), but digestibility of NdF was greater(P d 70F(57.5%, 58.4%, 68.9%, and 72.2% for 40F, 50F, 60F, and 70F,respectively). diet affected(P d 2.97%) and protein concentrations(2.62%, 2.69%, 2.58%, and 2.52% for 40F, 50F, 60F, and 70F, respectively). Milk energy yield was greater(P diets lowest in forage(7.51, 7.45, 5.68, and 5.34 MJ/d), although yield relative to dry matter intake was not affected(P > 0.05) by diet and was lower(P d 3.09 MJ/kg). Ruminal p H and acetate proportion were greater for 60F and 70F than for the other diets and the proportion of butyrate was lower for the two diets highest in fiber. The mean lengths of time spent ruminating, eating, standing, and lying were not affected(P > 0.05) by diet or parity, but many interactions involving diet, period, hour, and parity were significant(P < 0.05). In conclusion, lactational performance o

关键词： Physically effective fiber Alpine goat Lactation Ruminal fermentation Feeding behavior

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Overgrowth of the indigenous gut microbiome and irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第10期20卷 2449-2455页

作者： William Bye Naveed Ishaq terry d.bolin Vic M duncombe Stephen M Riordan Gastrointestinal and Liver Unit Prince of Wales Hospital Randwick 2031 New South Wales Australia Prince of Wales Clinical School Randwick NSW 2031 Australia

Culture-independent molecular techniques have demonstrated that the majority of the gut microbiota is *** of these molecular techniques to more accurately identify the indigenous gut microbiome has moved with great pace over recent years,leading to a substantial increase in understanding of gut microbial communities in both health and a number of disorders,including irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).Use of culture-independent molecular techniques already employed to characterise faecal and,to a lesser extent,colonic mucosal microbial populations in IBS,without reliance on insensitive,traditional microbiological culture techniques,has the potential to more accurately determine microbial composition in the small intestine of patients with this disorder,at least that occurring proximally and within reach of *** data concerning culture-based and culture-independent analyses of the small intestinal microbiome in IBS are considered here.

关键词： Gut microbiome Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth Irritable bowel syndrome

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Exercise training improves long-term memory in obese mice

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Life Metabolism 2024年第1期3卷 37-50页

作者： Oliver K.Fuller Casey L.Egan Tina L.Robinson Nimna Perera Heidy K.Latchman Lauren V.terry Emma d.McLennan Carolina Chavez Emma L.Burrows John W.Scott Robyn M.Murphy Henriette van Praag Martin Whitham Mark A.Febbraio Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Monash UniversityMelbourneVictoria3052Australia La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science La Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoria3086Australia Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoria3052Australia department of Biomedical Sciences Charles E.Schmidt College of Medicineand Stiles-Nicholson Brain InstituteFlorida Atlantic UniversityJupiterFL 33458United States College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom

Obesity has been linked to a range of pathologies,including *** contrast,regular physical activity is associated with the prevention or reduced progression of ***,physical activity can improve memory and spatial cognition,reduce age-related cognitive decline,and preserve brain volume,but the mechanisms are not fully ***,we investigated whether any detrimental effects of high-fat diet(HFd)-induced obesity on cognition,motor behavior,adult hippocampal neurogenesis,and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BdNF)could be mitigated by voluntary exercise training in male C57Bl/6 ***-induced impairment of motor function was not reversed by ***,voluntary wheel running improved long-term memory and increased hippocampal neurogenesis,suggesting that regular physical activity may prevent cognitive decline in obesity.

关键词： obesity exercise cognition

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Adding Value to Crop Production Systems by Integrating Forage Cover Crop Grazing

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 180-192页

作者： Robert B. Mitchell daren d. Redfearn Kenneth P. Vogel terry J. Klopfenstein Galen Erickson P. Stephen Baenziger Bruce E. Anderson Mary E. drewnoski Jay Parsons Steven d. Masterson Marty R. Schmer Virginia L. Jin USdA-ARS Wheat Sorghum and Forage Research Unit University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA department of Animal Science University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA department of Agricultural Economics University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA USdA-ARS Agroecosystem Management Research Unit University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA

In addition to their value as cereal grains, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) are important cool-season annual forages and cover crops. Yearling steer (Bos taurus) performance was compared in the spring following autumn establishment as for age cover crops after soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grain harvest. Replicated pastures (0.4 ha) were no-till seeded in three consecutive years into soybean stubble in autumn, fertilized, and grazed the following spring near Ithaca, NE, USA. Each pasture (n = 3) was continuously stocked in spring with four yearling steers (380 ± 38 kg) for 17, 32, and 28 d in 2005, 2006, and 2007, respectively. In 2005, average daily gain (AdG) for steers grazing triticale exceeded the AdG for wheat by 0.31 kghd-1d-1. In 2006, wheat AdG exceeded that for triticale by 0.12 kghd-1d-1. In 2007, steers grazing wheat lost weight, while steers grazing triticale gained 0.20 kghd-1d-1. Based on the 3-year average animal gains valued at $1.32 kg-1, mean net return ($ ha-1 yr-1) was $62.15 for triticale and $22.55 for wheat. Since these grazed cover crops provide ecosystem services in addition to forage, grazing could be viewed as a mechanism for recovering costs and adds additional value to the system. Based on this 3-year grazing trial, triticale was superior to wheat and likely will provide the most stable beef yearling performance across years with variable weather for the western Cornbelt USA.

关键词： Cover crops Soybean Triticale Wheat

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Review of salt consumption and stomach cancer risk:Epidemiological and biological evidence

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第18期15卷 2204-2213页

作者： Xiao-Qin Wang Paul d terry Hong Yan department of Epidemiology School of Medicine Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710061Shaanxi Province China department of Epidemiology Rollins School of Public Health Emory University 1518 Clifton Road NE Atlanta GA 30322 United States

Stomach cancer is still the fourth most common cancer;thus,it remains an important public health burden worldwide,especially in developing *** remarkable geographic variations in the rates of stomach cancer indicate that dietary factors,including a range of food groups to which salt and/or nitrates have been added,may affect stomach cancer *** this paper,we review the results from ecologic,case-control and cohort studies on the relationship between salt or salted foods and stomach cancer *** majority of ecological studies indicated that the average salt intake in each population was closely correlated with gastric cancer *** case-control studies showed similar results,indicating a moderate to high increase in risk for the highest level of salt or salted food *** overall results from cohort studies are not totally consistent,but are suggestive of a moderate direct *** salt intake has been correlated with Helicobacter pylori(H pylori) infection,it is possible that these two factors may synergize to promote the development of stomach ***,salt may also cause stomach cancer through directly damaging gastric mucus,improving temporary epithelial proliferation and the incidence of endogenous mutations,and inducing hypergastrinemia that leads to eventual parietal cell loss and progression to gastric *** on the considerable evidence from ecological,case-control and cohort studies worldwide and the mechanistic plausibility,limitation on salt and salted food consumption is a practical strategy for preventing gastric cancer.

关键词： disease prevention Helicobacter pylori infection Salt consumption Stomach cancer

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Recovery rates of persistent post-COVId-19 olfactory dysfunction using psychophysical assessment:A longitudinal cohort study

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 79-87页

作者： Jeremy P.Tervo Patricia T.Jacobson Brandon J.Vilarello Tiana M.Saak Francesco F.Caruana Liam W.Gallagher Joseph B.Gary david A.Gudis Paule V.Joseph d.P.devanand terry E.Goldberg Jonathan B.Overdevest Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons New YorkNew YorkUSA department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism&National Institute of Nursing ResearchBethesdaMarylandUSA New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center New YorkNew YorkUSA

Objectives:Persistent olfactory dysfunction(Od)following loss of smell associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection is a major feature of long *** on the prevalence of persistent Od predominantly rely on self-reported olfactory *** studies have tracked longitudinal rates of recovery using psychophysical assessment among patients presenting for evaluation of persistent Od beyond a window of acute *** anchored in standardized testing methods are needed to counsel patients who fail to acutely regain their sense of *** study aims to quantify the degree of persistent Od in post-COVId-19 patients who experience subjective and psychophysical ***:We grouped participants presenting for Od evaluation into cohorts based on both subjective and psychophysical olfactory status at a baseline assessment and assessed their olfactory abilities with a visual analogue scale and the Sniffin'Sticks extended test at baseline and 1-year time *** had confirmed a history of COVId-19 by lab evaluation or clinical diagnosis if lab evaluation was not ***:Baseline olfactory evaluation was completed by 122 participants,53 of whom completed the 1-year follow-up *** participants presenting with perceived Od,74.5%had confirmed psychophysical Od at baseline,with 55.1%at 1-year *** had reliable trends in self-rated versus psychophysically tested olfactory function at both time *** total threshold,discrimination,and identification(TdI)score improved by+3.25 points in the cohort with psychophysical Od(p=0.0005),with this improvement largely attributable to an increase in median threshold scores(+2.75 points;p=0.0004).Conclusions:Od persists in a significant number of patients who fail to acutely recovery their sense of smell after COVId-19,with many demonstrating lingering deficits at *** in threshold,but not discrimination or identification,most significantly mediate improvement

关键词： long COVId olfaction post-COVId condition smell dysfunction

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Inhibition of α-glucosidase activity by N-deoxynojirimycin analogs in several insect phloem sap feeders

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Insect Science 2016年第1期23卷 59-67页

作者： Marina Katzman Ya'kobovitz terry d. Butters Ephraim Cohen department of Entomology Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture Food and Environment The Hebrew University of Jerusalem RehovotIsrael department of Biochemistry University of Oxford Oxford OX1 3QU UK

Secondary metabolites and synthetic iminosugars that structurally resemble monosaccharides are potent inhibitors of a-glucosidase activity. The enzyme is core in cleaving sucrose in phloem feeding insects and it also plays a crucial role of reducing osmotic stress via the formation of oligosaccharides. Inhibition of hydrolysis by iminosug- ars should result in nutritional deficiencies and/or disruption of normal osmoregulation. deoxynojirimycin （dNJ） and 2 N-alkylated analogs [N-butyl dNJ （NB-dNJ） and N-nonyl dNJ （NN-dNJ）] were the major iminosugars used throughout the study. The extensive experiments conducted with a-glucosidase of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci indicated the competitive nature of inhibition and that the hydrophilic dNJ is a potent inhibitor in com- parison to the more hydrophobic NB-dNJ and NN-dNJ compounds. The same inhibitory pattern was observed with the psyllid Cacopsylla bidens a-glucosidase. In contrast to the above pattern, enzymes of the aphids, Myzus persicae and Aphis gossypii were more sen- sitive to the hydrophobic iminosugars as compared to dNJ. In vivo experiments in which adult B. tabaci were fed dietary iminosugars, show that the hydrophilic dNJ was far less toxic than the lipophilic NB-dNJ and NN-dNJ. It is proposed that this pattern is attributed to the better accessibility of the hydrophobic NN-dNJ to the a-glucosidase membrane- bound compartment in the midgut. Based on the inhibitory effects of certain polyhydroxy N-alkylated iminosugars, a-glucosidase of phloem feeding hemipterans could serve as an attractive target site for developing novel pest control agents.

关键词： a-glucosidase inhibition Bemisia tabaci Cacopsylla bidens iminosugars Myzuspersicae osmoregulation phloem sap feeders

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Identification of agricultural systems in the mountains of Northeast Thailand

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第2期15卷 419-429页

作者： Sukanlaya CHOENKWAN A. terry RAMBO Program on System Approaches in Agriculture Faculty of agriculture Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand department of Agricultural Extension Faculty of agriculture Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand East-West Center 1601 East-West Road Honolulu HI 96848-1601 USA

Agricultural systems in Thailand's northeastern mountains are described in terms of their type of crops, marketing channels, and labor requirements. Five distinctive systems are identified: The Field crop system, Fruit tree system, Industrial tree plantation system, Specialty crop system and Agro-tourism system. The different systems are compared with each other in order to identify their respective strengths and weaknesses as development models. The Field crop system covers the largest area of agricultural land and is found in all mountainous villages but it generates very low net profits per hectare. The Specialty crop system and Agro-tourism system generate very high net profits per hectare but cover only a small land area and have a restricted spatial distribution. Expansion of these high value systems may be limited because they are capital and labor intensive and require highly skilled farmers to manage them successfully. If these constraints can be overcome, they may offer a useful model for mountain agricultural development.

关键词： Agricultural system analysis Specialtycrop Agro-tourism Mountain development Agricultural system Agricultural intensification

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Angular dependence of nanoparticle generation in the matrix assembly cluster source

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Nano Research 2019年第12期12卷 3069-3074页

作者： Maria Chiara Spadaro Junlei Zhao William d.terry Jian Liu Feng Yin Flyura djurabekova Richard E.Palmer College of Engineering Swansea UniversityBay CampusFabian WaySwansea SAI 8ENUK department of Physics and Helsinki Institute of Physics University of HelsinkiP.O.Box43f FIN-00014HelsinkiFinland Nanoscale Physics Research Laboratory School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK National Center for Electron Microscopy in Beijing Key Laboratory cf Advanced Materials(MOE)The State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine ProcessingSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Physics and Information Technology Shaanxi Normal UniversityXian 710062China Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology(ICN2) CSIC and BISTCampus UABBellaterra08193 BarcelonaCataloniaSpain

The matrix assembly cluster source(MACS)represents a bridge between conventional instruments for cluster beam deposition(CBd)and thelevel of industrial *** method is based on Ar^+ion sputtering of a pre-condensed Ar-M matrix(where M,is typically a metal such asAg).Each Ar^+ion produces a collision cascade and thus the formation of metal clusters is in the matrix,which are then sputtered *** wepresent an experimental and computational investigation of the cluster emission process,specifically its dependence on the Ar^+ion angle of in cidence and the cluster emission *** find the in cide nee angle strongly in flue nces the emerging cluster flux,which is assigned to thespatial location of the deposited primary ion energy relative to the cluster into the *** also found an approximately constant anglebetween the incident ion beam and the peak in the emitted cluster distribution,with value between 99°and 109°.

关键词： cluster beam deposition scale-up nano particles silver ligand-free green synthesis

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