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Repeatability of decision-making behaviour in male threespine stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus： Effects of dummy vs. live stimuli

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Current Zoology 2011年第1期57卷 101-108页

作者： teresa L. DZIEWECZYNsKI Lindsay M. FORRETTE Department of Psychology University of New England 11 Hills Beach Rd Biddeford ME 04005 USA

Individuals select from a number of behaviours when responding to various situations and the decisions they make may affect their fitness. The costs and benefits of these responses vary among individuals causing them to differ even in identical situations. One example of this type of situation is when territorial males encounter both a male and female simultaneously, generating a trade-off that likely leads to individual differences due to differing costs of various actions among males. This situation commonly occurs in threespine stickleback,Gasterosteus aculeatus. However, for selection to act effectively, individuals must behave in a consistent manner and measuring repeatability can aid in understanding how selection may shape such trade-offs. Males of this species exhibit consistent individual differences in their response to dummy males and females but it is unknown if patterns are similar when feedback from the stimuli is present. To assess this, male threespine stickleback were tested with dummy and live male and female conspecifics, presented separately and simultaneously. While the same trends were found regardless of stimulus type, males were more aggressive towards the live conspecifics than to the dummies. Repeatability values were similar within a treatment regardless of whether live or dummy conspecifics were used, suggesting that individuals show the same level of consistency. This study adds to our understanding of consistent individual differences by demonstrating that feedback may not affect responses to conflicting stimuli and that male threespine stickleback respond in a consistent manner to both dummy and live stimuli.

关键词：测量重复性人的行为男性生活虚拟决策个体差异反应

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Human Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells inhibit cytokine storm in acute respiratory distress syndrome in a rat model

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2022年第8期12卷 343-350页

作者： Wahyu Widowati teresa Liliana Wargasetia Fanny Rahardja Rimonta F Gunanegara Didik Priyandoko Marisca Evalina Gondokesumo Ervi Afifah Cahyaning Riski Wijayanti Rizal Rizal Faculty of Medicine Maranatha Christian UniversityJl.Surya Sumantri no 65Bandung 40164Indonesia Faculty of Mathematic and Natural science Education Indonesia University of EducationJl.Dr.Setiabudi no 229Bandung 40154Indonesia Faculty of Pharmacy University of SurabayaUniversitas SurabayaJl.Raya KalirungkutSurabaya 60293Indonesia Biomolecular and Biomedical Research Center Aretha Medika UtamaJl.Babakan Jeruk 2 no 9Bandung 40163Indonesia Biomedical Engineering Department of Electrical EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversitas IndonesiaJl.Margonda RayaDepok 1642Indonesia

Objective:To evaluate the potential effect of human Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells(hWJMsCs)on acute respiratory distress syndrome in lipopolysaccharide(LPs)-induced ***:The hWJMsCs(5×10^(4)/mL,5×10^(5)/mL,5×10^(6)/mL)were administered to rats on day 1 and day 8 after being induced by LPs(5 mg/kg body weight).TNF-αlevels in the lung and IL-18 and IL-1βlevels in the serum were measured using *** addition,caspase-1 expression in lung tissues was quantified using qRT-PCR,and NF-κB and IL-6 expressions were assessed using ***:The hWJMsCs decreased TNF-αlevels in the lung and plasma IL-18 and IL-1β***,the hWJMsCs downregulated the expressions of caspase-1,IL-6,and NF-κB in lung ***:The hWJMsCs can decrease inflammatory markers of acute respiratory distress syndrome in a rat model and may be further investigated for the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome.

关键词： Human Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells Acute respiratory distress syndrome TNF-α IL-18 NF-κB Inflammatory marker

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The Igarape Weir decelerated transport of contaminated sediment in the Paraopeba River after the failure of the B1 tailings dam(Brumadinho)

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International Journal of sediment Research 2023年第5期38卷 673-697页

作者： Daniela Patrícia salgado Terêncio Fernando António Leal Pacheco Renato Farias do Valle Junior Maytê Maria Abreu Pires de Melo silva teresa Cristina Tarlé Pissarra Marília Carvalho de Melo Carlos Alberto Valera Luís Filipe sanches Fernandes Inov4Agro/Centro de Investiga??o e Tecnologias Agroambientais e Biológicas Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro Centro de Química de Vila Real Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Universidade Estadual Paulista(UNESP) Via de Acesso Prof.Paulo Donato Castellane Instituto Federal do Triangulo Mineiro Campus Uberaba Laboratório de Geoprossessamento 5. Secretaria de Estado de Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Sustentável Cidade Administrativa do Estado de Minas Gerais Rodovia Jo?o Paulo II 6. Coordenadoria Regional das Promotorias de Justi?a do Meio Ambiente das Bacias dos Rios Paranaíba e Baixo Rio Grande Rua Coronel Ant?nio Rios

The B1 dam of Co rrego do Feij～ao Mine, owned by Vale, s.A. mining company and located on the FerroCarv～ao stream, collapsed and injected 2.8 Mm3of clayey, silty, and sandy iron-and manganese-rich tailings into the Paraopeba River(Minas Gerais state, Brazil). The accident occurred on 25 January2019 and the tailings have been co-transported with coarser natural sediment since then, being partly trapped in the Igarape Weir reservoir located on the Paraopeba River nearly 45 km downstream the injection point. The general purpose of the current study was to model suspended sediment transport in the vicinity of the Igarape Weir aiming to assess the concomitant barrier effect imposed by this ***, the spatial distributions of suspended clay, silt, and very fine-grained sand fractions(Css) of sediment were mapped around the Igarape Weir under low-flow(16 m3/s) and high-flow(5 to 10,000years return period stream discharge; 699—2,699 m3/s) regimes, using RiverFlow2D as the modelling tool. The concentrations of the various grain materials in the upstream and downstream sectors were quantified linking the barrier effect to concentration reductions in the direction of stream flow. It was also a study goal to calculate differences of iron and manganese concentrations in the sediment + tailings mixtures along the Paraopeba River. The study results showed reductions in the Css between 6.6% and18%, from upstream to downstream of the Igarape Weir, related with backwater effects, free and submerged hydraulic jumps, bank sedimentation in periods of high flow, and streambed sedimentation controlled by channel sinuosity and tailings density. These reductions were accompanied by drops in the concentrations of iron and manganese present in the clay and silt fractions, which varied between 6% and42% under low flows and between 16% and 44% under high flows. Bank sedimentation was viewed as a potential threat to the riparian vegetation in the long-term. Dredging is the poten

关键词： sediment transport Tailings dam break Metal contamination Hydrodynamic modelling RiverFlow2D Ratio concentration analysis

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The Reliability of Global and Hemispheric surface Temperature Records

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2016年第3期33卷 269-282页

作者： Philip jones Climatic Research Unit School of Environmental SciencesUniversity of East Anglia Center of Excellence for Climate Change Research Department of MeteorologyKing Abdulaziz University

The purpose of this review article is to discuss the development and associated estimation of uncertainties in the global and hemispheric surface temperature records. The review begins by detailing the groups that produce surface temperature datasets. After discussing the reasons for similarities and differences between the various products, the main issues that must be addressed when deriving accurate estimates, particularly for hemispheric and global averages, are then considered. These issues are discussed in the order of their importance for temperature records at these spatial scales： biases in ssT data, particularly before the 1940s; the exposure of land-based thermometers before the development of louvred screens in the late 19th century; and urbanization effects in some regions in recent decades. The homogeneity of land-based records is also discussed; however, at these large scales it is relatively unimportant. The article concludes by illustrating hemispheric and global temperature records from the four groups that produce series in near-real time.

关键词： surface temperature data ssT temperature homogeneity temperature biases urbanization

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Anatomical variation of five plant species along an elevation gradient in Mexico City basin within the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, Mexico

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Journal of Mountain science 2017年第11期14卷 2182-2199页

作者： P Mayte s.JIMéNEZ-NORIEGA teresa TERRAZAs Lauro LóPEZ-MATA Arturo sáNCHEZ-GONZáLEZ Heike VIBRANs Department of Botany Postgraduate College at Campus Montecillo Institute of Biology Autonomous National University of Mexico Center of Biological Research Autonomous University of State of Hidalgo Mineral de la Reforma

Change in environmental conditions with altitudinal gradients induces morpho-anatomical variations in plants that have been poorly documented in intertropical regions. Five species with three life forms, cryptophyte(Alchemilla procumbens, Geranium seemannii), hemicryptophyte(Acaena elongata, Lupinus montanus), and phanerophyte(symphoricarpos microphyllus), distributed along an altitudinal gradient in the sierra Nevada of central Mexico, were studied. The aims were to identify and evaluate their morpho-anatomical modifications under the hypothesis that the sizes of individuals and of their wood and leaf cell types decrease as elevation increases. Three individuals per species per site were collected at seven locations along the altitudinal gradient(2949-3952 m). Their morpho-anatomical characters were analyzed through multiple regression analyses. Elevation was the variable that best explained anatomical changes in the leaf and wood ofthe five species. Canopy density and potassium content in the soil also contributed to explain the variation in anatomical variables along the gradient. As elevation increased a bimodal pattern was observed in various anatomical characters as in the leaf width of A. elongata, A. procumbens and G. seemannii and in the vessel diameter of A. procumbens, G. seemannii, and L. montanus. Other features as the vessel diameter of A. elongata, the fiber length of s. microphyllus, and the ray width of A. elongata increased as the elevation increased. Anatomical traits have a tendency to decrease in size but just toward the end of the gradient, which is probably related to changes in canopy density. The plant response to the altitudinal gradient is more focused on anatomical adaptations than morphological variation; it is also species dependent.

关键词： Altitude Foliar anatomy Mount Tlaloc Wood anatomy Alchemilla procumbens Geraniumseemannii Cryptophyte Bimodal pattern

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structural and microstructural description of relaxor-ferroelectric transition in quenched Na_(1/2)Bi_(1/2)TiO_(3)-BaTiO_(3)

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Journal of Materiomics 2022年第4期8卷 823-832页

作者： Andreas Wohninsland Ann-Katrin Fetzer Rachel Broughton Jacob L.jones K.V.Lalitha Department of Materials-and Geosciences Technical University of Darmstadt64287DarmstadtGermany Department of Materials science and Engineering North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC27695USA

Quenching lead-free Na_(1/2)Bi_(1/2)TiO_(3)-based ceramics from sintering temperature is established to increasethe depolarization temperature,Td and the lattice *** situ synchrotron X-ray diffractionmeasurements were carried out on furnace cooled and quenched Na_(1/2)Bi_(1/2)TiO_(3)-BaTiO_(3)(NBT-BT)with 6and 9 mol.%BT to discern the field-induced ferroelectric *** fractions were determined fromfull pattern Rietveld refinements and utilized together with the change in unit cell volume to calculatevolumetric strain resulting from phase ***-6BT demonstrates a cubic symmetry in thefurnace cooled state but quenching stabilizes the rhombohedral R3c phase and delays the formation of afield-induced,long range-ordered tetragonal phase,thereby shifting the onset of macroscopic strain tohigher fields.A field-induced phase transition from a weakly distorted rhombohedral to tetragonal phasecan be observed in furnace cooled ***,this phase transition cannot be detected inquenched NBT-9BT,since the ferroelectric tetragonal P4mm phase is stabilized in the initial *** to the furnace cooled materials,both the quenched compositions exhibit overall negligiblevolumetric strain as a function of electric ***,scanning electron micrographs of chemi-cally etched,poled and unpoled samples reveal an increased lamellar domain contrast in the *** these findings strengthen the hypothesis of a stabilized ferroelectric order resulting in theabsence of a field-induced phase transformation in quenched NBT-BT.

关键词： Lead-free Quenching Na_(1/2)Bi_(1/2)TiO_(3)-BaTiO_(3) synchrotron diffraction Ferroelectric

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Acta Mechanica sinica 2010年第4期26卷 567-572页

作者： D.J.Colquitt A.B.Movchan I.s.jones W.Daniels Department of Mathematical sciences University of Liverpool school of Engineering John Moores University serco Assurance Walton House 404 The QuadrantBirchwood ParkRisleyWarringtonCheshireWA3 6GAUK

The paper presents a computational model for elastic waves in a structured weld adjacent to the free surface of an elastic solid. The main emphasis is on the interaction of waves with the micro-structure of the weld. Effects of localisation and channeling of waves are addressed. A model of a grain structure within the weld is also considered.

关键词： Macro-structured welds Waves in stratified media Dispersion Localisation

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Development of a standardized in vitro approach to evaluate microphysical,chemical,and toxicological properties of combustion-derived fine and ultrafine particles

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2022年第3期34卷 104-117页

作者： Ana teresa Juarez-Facio Clement Castilla Cecile Corbiere Helene Lavanant Carlos Afonso Christophe Morin Nadine Merlet-Machour Laurence Chevalier Jean-Marie Vaugeois Jerome Yon Christelle Monteil Normandie Univ UNIROUENUNICAEN ABTE76000 RouenFrance Normandie Univ UNIROUENINSA RouenCNRSCOBRA76000 RouenFrance Normandie Univ UNIROUENINSA RouenCNRSGPM-UMR663476000 RouenFrance Normandie Univ UNIROUENINSA RouenCNRSCORIA76000 RouenFrance

Ultrafine particles represent a growing concern in the public health community but their precise role in many illnesses is still unknown. This lack of knowledge is related to the experimental difficulty in linking their biological effects to their multiple properties, which are important determinants of toxicity. Our aim is to propose an interdisciplinary approach to study fine(FP) and ultrafine(UFP) particles, generated in a controlled manner using a mini CAsT(Combustion Aerosol standard) soot generator used with two different operating conditions(CAsT1 and CAsT3). The chemical characterization was performed by an untargeted analysis using ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry. In conjunction with this approach, subsequent analysis by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry(GC–Ms) was performed to identify polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAH). CAsT1 enabled the generation of FP with a predominance of small PAH molecules, and CAsT3 enabled the generation of UFP, which presented higher numbers of carbon atoms corresponding to larger PAH molecules. Healthy normal human bronchial epithelial(NHBE) cells differentiated at the air-liquid interface(ALI) were directly exposed to these freshly emitted FP and UFP. Expression of MUC5AC, FOXJ1, OCLN and ZOI as well as microscopic observation confirmed the ciliated pseudostratified epithelial phenotype. study of the mass deposition efficiency revealed a difference between the two operating conditions, probably due to the morphological differences between the two categories of particles. We demonstrated that only NHBE cells exposed to CAsT3 particles induced upregulation in the gene expression of IL-8 and NQO1. This approach offers new perspectives to study FP and UFP with stable and controlled properties.

关键词： In vitro Air-liquid interface MiniCAsT Fine and ultrafine particles Organic compounds OC/TC

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supramolecular organization of the sperm plasma membrane during maturation and capacitation

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2007年第4期9卷 438-444页

作者： Roy jones Peter s. James Liz Howes Andreas Bruckbauer David Klenerman The Babraham Institute Cambridge CB2 4AT UK Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1EW UK

Aim： In the present study, a variety of high resolution microscopy techniques were used to visualize the organization and motion of lipids and proteins in the sperm＇s plasma membrane. We have addressed questions such as the presence of diffusion barriers, confinement of molecules to specific surface domains, polarized diffusion and the role of cholesterol in regulating lipid rafts and signal transduction during capacitation. Methods： Atomic force microscopy identified a novel region （Eqss） within the equatorial segment of bovine, porcine and ovine spermatozoa that was enriched in constitutively phosphorylated proteins. The Eqss was assembled during epididymal maturation. Fluorescence imaging techniques were then used to follow molecular diffusion on the sperm head. Results： single lipid molecules were freely exchangeable throughout the plasma membrane and showed no evidence for confinement within domains. Large lipid aggregates, however, did not cross over the boundary between the post-acrosome and equatorial segment suggesting the presence of a molecular filter between these two domains. Conclusion： A small reduction in membrane cholesterol enlarges or increases lipid rafts concomitant with phosphorylation of intracellular proteins. Excessive removal of cholesterol, however, disorganizes rafts with a cessation of phosphorylation. These techniques are forcing a revision of long-held views on how lipids and proteins in sperm membranes are assembled into larger complexes that mediate recognition and fusion with the egg. （Asian JAndrol 2007 July; 9： 438-444）

关键词： cholesterol lipid rafts single molecules sperm membranes

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Electrochemical ageing study of mixed lanthanum/praseodymium nickelates La2-xPrxNiO4+δ as oxygen electrodes for solid oxide fuel or electrolysis cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第7期29卷 62-70,I0003页

作者： Vaibhav Vibhu Aurélien Flura Aline Rougier Clément Nicollet sébastien Fourcade teresa Hungria Jean-Claude Grenier Jean-Marc Bassat CNRs Univ.BordeauxBordeaux INPICMCBUMR 5026F-33600 PessacFrance Centre de Microcaractérisation Raimond CAsTAING Universitéde ToulouseCNRSUT3–Paul SabatierINPINSAEspace Clément Ader3 rue Caroline AigleToulouse 31400France

The chemical and electrochemical stability of lanthanide nickelates La2 NiO4+δ(LNO),Pr2 NiO4+δ(PNO)and their mixed compounds La(2-x)PrxNiO4+δ(LPNOs)with x=0.5,1 or 1.5 is *** aim is to promote these materials as efficient electrodes for solid oxide fuel cell(sOFC)and/or solid oxide electrolysis cell(sOEC).La2 NiO4+δand La1.5Pr0.5NiO4+δcompounds are chemically very stable as powders over one month in the temperature range 600-800℃,while the other materials rich in praseodymium progressively decompose into various perovskite-deriving components with additional Pr6 *** their uneven properties,all these materials are quite efficient and sustainable as electrodes on top of gadolinium doped ceria(GDCBL)//yttrium doped zirconia(8 YsZ)electrolyte,for one month at 700℃without *** polarization(300 mA·cm-2),the electrochemical performances of LNO,PNO and La1.5Pr0.5NiO4+δ(LP5 NO)quickly degrade in sOFC mode,*** the oxygen reduction reaction,while they show durability in sOEC mode,*** the oxide oxidation reaction.

关键词： Lanthanide nickelates sOFC cathode sOEC anode stability Inductive loop Degradation

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