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Irritable bowel syndrome: a disease still searching for pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第27期20卷 8807-8820页

作者： Massimo Bellini Dario Gambaccini Cristina stasi Maria teresa Urbano santino Marchi Paolo Usai-satta Gastrointestinal Unit Department of Gastroenterology University of Pisa 56124 Pisa Italy Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence 50134 Florence Italy Epidemiological Observatory Health Agency of Tuscany 50141 Florence Italy Gastrointestinal Unit P. Brotzu Hospital09124 Cagliari Italy

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBs) is the most frequently diagnosed functional gastrointestinal disorder in primary and secondary care. It is characterised by abdominal discomfort, pain and changes in bowel habits that can have a serious impact on the patient’s quality of life. The pathophysiology of IBs is not yet completely clear. Genetic, immune, environmental, inflammatory, neurological and psychological factors, in addition to visceral hypersensitivity, can all play an important role, one that most likely involves the complex interactions between the gut and the brain (gut-brain axis). The diagnosis of IBs can only be made on the basis of the symptoms of the Rome III criteria. Because the probability of organic disease in patients fulfilling the IBs criteria is very low, a careful medical history is critical and should pay particular attention to the possible comorbidities. Nevertheless, the severity of the patient’s symptoms or concerns sometimes compels the physician to perform useless and/or expensive diagnostic tests, transforming IBs into a diagnosis of exclusion. The presence of alarming symptoms (fever, weight loss, rectal bleeding, significant changes in blood chemistry), the presence of palpable abdominal masses, any recent onset of symptoms in patient aged over 50 years, the presence of symptoms at night, and a familial history of celiac disease, colorectal cancer and/or inflammatory bowel diseases all warrant investigation. Treatment strategies are based on the nature and severity of the symptoms, the degree of functional impairment of the bowel habits, and the presence of psychosocial disorders. This review examines and discusses the pathophysiological aspects and the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches available for patients with symptoms possibly related to IBs, pointing out controversial issues and the strengths and weaknesses of the current knowledge.

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Pathogenesis Diagnosis Therapy

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An evaluation of mass,number concentration,chemical composition and types of particles in a cafeteria before and after the passage of an antismoking law

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Particuology 2013年第5期11卷 527-532页

作者： Jorge Pey Barend L.van Drooge Anna Ripollb teresa Moreno Joan O.Grimalt Xavier Querol Andres Alastuey Department of Epidemiology Lazio Regionvia S.Costanza5300198 RomeItaly Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research.ID/EA-CsIC C/Jordi Girona.18-2608034 BarcelonaSpain

This study assessed air quality indicators before and after enactment of the spanish anti-smoking law. Mass and number concentrations and the chemical composition of particles were evaluated. Microscopy analyses were also conducted. Real time concentrations of PMlo, PM2.s, PM1 and ultrafine particles were measured under ventilated and non-ventilated conditions and PMlo samples were collected for detailed inorganic and organic chemical characterization. Before enactment of the law in 2010, tobacco smoke produced significant indoor ambient particulate matter pollution, with elevated particulate matter mass concentrations （PM10 and PM1 concentrations of 122-220 and 48-85 Dg/m3, respectively） and ultrafine particle numbers （75,000 and 48,000 cm ~ under ventilated and non-ventilated conditions, respectively）. Typical tobacco smoke tracers including iso- and anteiso-alkanes and elements including La and Ce from the ignition of lighters were abundant. Additionally, several toxic substances derived from tobacco smoke, including Cd （3.1 ng/m3） and benzo[a]pyrene （1.0 ng/m3） were present at concentrations approximately 10 times greater than those measured after enactment of the anti-smoking law. The anti-smoking law sig- nificantly reduced exposure to potentially toxic compounds by approximately 90%. This law is expected to have a positive health impact, particularly for people who spend considerable time in affected envi- ronments, such as employees.

关键词： Indoor airParticulate matterUltrafine particlesNucleationCoagulation-condensationEnvironmental tobacco smoke

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Phenylboronic acid modified mucoadhesive nanoparticle drug carriers facilitate weekly treatment of experimentally- induced dry eye syndrome

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Nano Research 2015年第2期8卷 621-635页

作者： shengyan Liu Chu Ning Chang Mohit s. Verma Denise Hileeto Alex Muntz Ulrike stahl Jill Woods LyndonW. jones Frank X. Gu Department of Chemical Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo N2L 3G1 Canada Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology University of Waterloo Waterloo N2L3G1 Canada Centre for Contact Lens Research University of Waterloo Waterloo N2L3G1 Canada

Topical formulations, commonly applied for treatment of anterior eye diseases, require frequent administration due to rapid clearance from the ocular surface, typically through the lacrimal drainage system or through over-spillage onto the lids. We report on a mucoadhesive nanoparticle drug delivery system that may be used to prolong the precorneal residence time of encapsulated drugs. The nanoparticles were formed from self-assembly of block copolymers composed of poly（D, L-lactide） and Dextran. The enhanced mucoadhesion properties were achieved by surface functionalizing the nanoparticles with phenylboronic acid. The nanoparticles encapsulated up to 12 wt.% of Cyclosporine A （CycA） and sustained the release for up to five days at a clinically relevant dose, which led us to explore the therapeutic efficacy of the formulation with reduced administration frequency. By administering CycA-loaded nanoparticles to dry eye-induced mice once a week, inflammatory infiltrates were eliminated and the ocular surface completely recovered. The same once a week dosage of the nanoparticles also showed no signs of physical irritation or inflammatory responses in acute （1 week） and chronic （12 weeks） studies in healthy rabbit eyes. These findings indicate that the nanoparticles may significantly reduce the frequency of administration for effective treatment of anterior eye diseases without causing ocular irritation.

关键词： biocompatibility copolymer mucoadhesion nanoparticle drug delivery ophthalmology

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Use of Intraoral Three-dimensional Images for the Identification of Dental Morphological Traits Related to Ancestry Estimation

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Journal of Forensic science and Medicine 2021年第2期7卷 70-73页

作者： Elodine santo teresa Pinho Alexandra Teixeira Daniel Prez‑Mongiovi CEsPU Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health science and Technologies(IINFACTS)Rua Central de Gandra13174585-116 Gandra PRDPortugal IBMC-Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology i3SInstitute for Research and Innovation in HealthUniversity of PortoPortoPortugal TOXRUN-Toxicology Research Unit University Institute of Health SciencesCESPUGandraPortugal

Victim identification through dental features is one of the main objectives of forensic *** circumstances where information regarding antemortem dental records is missing,reconstruction of a biological profile can be useful as a first step toward personal *** reconstructive method provides valuable information,namely regarding the individual’s ancestry,through the detection and degree of expression of dental morphological traits,which may help to restrict the number of candidates for *** advances allowed the development of alternative methods for dental evaluation,that complement or substitute those already in use in clinical *** these,intraoral three‑dimensional(3D)images are increasingly used in dentistry,as they have a high level of accuracy and are easy to obtain and ***,a fundamental question regarding forensic dentistry is whether they allow recognition and analysis of dental morphological traits in detail,namely those related to *** this study,we evaluated 20 teeth morphological features using intraoral 3D imaging from 77 individuals from Northern *** results showed that it was possible to identify and classify a large part of the main morphological traits used in the estimation of *** these 3D images present sufficient morphological detail to be classified,we believe that future applications of this technique can be expected in forensic dentistry.

关键词： Ancestry dental traits classification forensic anthropology forensic dentistry human identification intraoral scanning three‑dimensional images

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Patient with hepatocellular carcinoma related to prior acute arsenic intoxication and occult HBV:Epidemiological,clinical and therapeutic results after 14 years of follow-up

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第12期12卷 1972-1974页

作者： teresa Casanovas-Taltavull Ana Berrozpe sara Jordan Josepa Ribes FXavierBosch Aurora Casanova Concha sancho Carles Valls Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Universitari de BellvitgeFeixa Llarga s/n08907 L'Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain Epidemiology Department of Microbiology Hospital Universitari de BellvitgeFeixa Llarga s/n08907 L'Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain Department of Radiology.Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge Feixa Llarga s/n08907 L'Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain

Little is known about the long-term survivors of acute arsenic intoxication. We present here a clinical case report of a man with chronic hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection who developed hepatocellular carcinoma four years after acute arsenic poisoning. HBsAg was detected in serum in 1990 when he voluntarily donated blood. In 1991, the patient suffered from severe psychological depression that led him to attempt suicide by massive ingestion of an arsenic-containing rodenticide. He survived with polyneuropathy and paralysis of the lower limbs, and has been wheelchair-bound since then. During participation in a follow-up study conducted among HBV carders, abdominal ultrasound detected a two-centimeter liver mass consistent with hepatocellular carcinoma. The tumor was confirmed by computed tomography （CT） and magnetic resonance image （MRI）. Because of his significant comorbidity, the patient received palliative treatment with transarterial lipiodol chemoembolization （TACE） on three occasions （1996, 1997 and 1999）. At his most recent visit in lay 2005, the patient was asymptomatic, liver enzymes were normal and the tumor was in remission on ultrasound.

关键词： HBV carriers Occult HBV HCC therapy Arsenic intoxication

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Evaluation of Physicochemical,Microbiological and sensory stability of Frozen stored Vacuum-Packed Lamb Meat

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第11期12卷 1946-1952页

作者： Rafaella de Paula Paseto Fernandes Maria teresa de Alvarenga Freire Celso da Costa Carrer Marco Antonio Trindade Department of Food Engeneering College of Animal Science and Food Engineering of UniversitySo Paulo(FZEA/USP)Avenida Duque of Caxias Norte225Jardim ElitePirassunungaSo Paulo 13.635-900Brazil Department of Food Engineering FZEA/USPPirassunungaSo Paulo 13.635-900Brazil Department of Animal science FZEA/USPPirassunungaSo Paulo 13.635-900Brazil

Nowadays, lamb meat represents only 7% of all meat produced in the world. In recent years the demand for standardized lamb meat cuts has been considered of great importance and the marketing occurs predominantly in the form of frozen cuts. Herewith, the main of this work was to evaluate the stability and safety of lamb meat during frozen storage. Meats were vacuum packed in high barrier multilayer plastic iflms and stored during 12 mon at （-18±1）℃. The meat stability was assessed by physical and chemical （lipid oxidation, objective color, pH value, cooking losses and instrumental texture）, microbiological （total count of psychrotrophic, coliform count at 45℃, coagulase-positive staphylococci and the presence of salmonella） and sensory analysis （acceptance test and visual evaluation）. The vacuum packed lamb meat remained stable as to most physical and chemical indexes. Microbiological indexes showed good stability throughout the storage period according to Brazilian legislation standards to pathogenic microorganisms. Although a signiifcant reduction in tenderness （shear force increase from 3 to 8 kg）, it showed a good sensorial acceptance for all attributes tested, including texture, with scores of around 7 （like moderately） during the 12 mon of storage. Therefore, it can be concluded that, under the conditions applied in this study, lamb meat presents a shelf life of at least 12 mon when stored at-18℃.

关键词： acceptance test Longissimus dorsi shelf life

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straw Power to Fuel Unilever's Washing Powder Prodaction

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China Chemical Reporter 2009年第20期20卷 12-12页

作者： teresa Zheng

On June 22nd,Unilever China announced it started using straw materials instead ofnatural gas in the laundry detergent *** marks the revolutionary step for theenergy using in detergent powder industry.

关键词： instead straw marks

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Escherichia coli O157:H7 sepsis following fecal microbiota transplant in an IgA-deficient inflammatory bowel disease patient

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Gastroenterology Report 2022年第1期10卷 609-611页

作者： Landen s.Burstiner Jared silver Logan J.Burstiner Arian Teymoorian Kumar Pallav Demarre jones Anna Owings sarah Glover Nova southeastern University Dr.Kiran C.Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine DavieFLUSA Department of Gastroenterology University of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA Department of Medicine Division of RheumatologyImmunologyand AllergyBrigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Department of Medicine Memorial Healthcare SystemHollywoodFLUSA Department of Gastroenterology GI Associates&Endoscopy CenterFlowoodMSUSA

Introduction Clostridioides difficile infection(CDI)is a common gastrointestinal illness worldwide,with increased prevalence and worse outcomes in patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)[1].Fecal microbiota transplant(FMT)is an effective treatment for recurrent CDIs(RCDIs)with minimal serious adverse events(sAEs)reported[2].While immunosuppressive medications increase susceptibility to infections,studies have shown that FMT does not increase sAE risk in immunocompromised patients(including IBD patients on immunosuppressive therapy)[3].

关键词： O157:H7 inflammatory patients

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The role of airborne particles and environmental considerations in the transmission of sARs-CoV-2

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第5期12卷 1-16页

作者： Longyi shao shuoyi Ge Tim jones M.santosh Luis F.O.silva Yaxin Cao Marcos L.s.Oliveira Mengyuan Zhang Kelly BéruBé state Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and safe Mining China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing 100083China College of Geoscience and surveying Engineering China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing 100083China school of Earth and Environmental sciences Cardiff UniversityMuseum AvenueCardiffCF103YEUK school of Earth sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences BeijingBeijing 100083China Department of Earth science University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Department of Civil and Environmental Universidad de la CostaCalle 58#55-66080002 BarranquillaAtlánticoColombia Departamento de Ingeniería Civil y Arquitectura Universidad de LimaAvenida Javier Prado Este 4600-Santiago deSurco 1503Peru school of Biosciences Cardiff UniversityMuseum AvenueCardiff CF103AXWalesUK

Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by the novel coronavirus,results in an acute respiratory condition coronavirus 2(sARs-CoV-2)and is highly *** recent spread of this virus has caused a global ***,the transmission routes of sARs-CoV-2 are being established,especially the role of environmental *** we review the environmental transmission routes and persistence of *** studies have established that the transmission of this virus may occur,amongst others,in the air,water,soil,cold-chain,biota,and surface *** has also been found that the survival potential of the sARs-CoV-2 virus is dependent on different environmental conditions and *** important pathways include aerosol and fecal *** matter may also be a carrier for *** microscopic particles can be easily absorbed by humans,more attention must be focused on the dissemination of these *** considerations are required to evolve a theoretical platform for epidemic control and to minimize the global threat from future epidemics.

关键词： Aerosol Airborne particles COVID-19 Environmental media sARs-CoV-2

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Enhanced recovery for liver resection—early recovery pathway for hepatectomy: data-driven liver resection care and recovery

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Hepatobiliary surgery and Nutrition 2018年第3期7卷 217-220页

作者： Benjamin Morrison Leigh Kelliher Chris jones surrey Peri-operative Anaesthesia and Critical Care Collaborative Research Group Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation TrustGuildfordUK

First described as a model for perioperative care in the early 1990's, the success of the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAs) approach in colorectal surgery has given rise to pathways being developed for an ever-in... 详细信息

关键词： surgery colorectal liver

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