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Severe Acute Hepatitis of Unknown Origin in Children: What Do We Know Today?

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2022年第4期10卷 711-717页

作者： María teresa Pérez-Gracia Antonio Tarín-Pelló Beatriz Suay-García Área de Microbiología.Departamento de Farmacia Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU.CEU UniversitiesAlfara del Patri-arca(Valencia)Spain ESI International Chair@CEU-UCH Departamento de MatemáticasFísica y Ciencias TecnológicasUniversidad Cardenal Herrera-CEUCEU UniversitiesAlfara del Patriarca(Valencia)Spain

In May 2022, the UK International Health Regulations National Focal Point notified World Health Organization of 176 cases of severe acute hepatitis of unknown etiology in children under 10 years of age. From that moment on, cases of severe acute hepatitis of unknown origin in children began to be reported in several countries. As of June 17, 2022, a total of 991 cases had been reported in 35 countries worldwide, 50 children needed a liver transplant and 28 patients died. According to information published by ECDC, 449 cases have been detected in 21 EU countries. The children were between 1 month and 16 years of age. Adenovirus was detected in 62.2% of the analyzed samples. So far, the cause of these cases is unknown and many hypotheses remain open, but hepatitis A-E viruses and COVID-19 vaccines have been ruled out. A possible hypothesis has been published to explain the cause of these cases of severe hepatitis, according to which it could be a consequence of adenovirus infection in the intestine in healthy children previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. No other clear epidemiological risk factors have been identified to date. Thus, at this time, the etiology of the current cases of hepatitis remains under active investigation.

关键词： Hepatitis Children Unknown origin SARS-CoV-2 Adenovirus

Beyond microbial diversity for predicting soil functions: A mini review

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Pedosphere 2020年第1期30卷 5-17页

作者： Paolo NANNIPIERI Judith ASCHER-JENULL Maria teresa CECCHERINI Giacomo PIETRAMELLARA Giancarlo RENELLA Michael SCHLOTER Department of Agriculture FoodEnvironment and ForestryUniversity of FirenzeP.le delle Cascine 28Firenze 50144(Italy) Department of Microbiology University of InnsbruckTechnikerstrasse 25 dInnsbruck 6020(Austria) Research Unit for Comparative Microbiome Analysis Helmholtz Zentrum MünchenIngolstadter Landstrasse 1Neuherberg 85764(Germany)

Since the advent of sequencing technologies,the determination of microbial diversity to predict microbial functions,which are the major determinants of soil functions,has become a major topic of interest,as evidenced by the 900 publications dealing with soil metagenome published up to ***,the detection of a gene in soil does not mean that the relative function is expressed,and the presence of a particular taxon does not mean that the relative functions determined in pure culture also occur in the studied *** critical step is to link microbial community composition or function to the product analyzed to determine flux ***,flux rates might not only be highly dynamic,but several metabolites can depend on different reactions,which makes the link to one process of interest difficult or even *** review also discusses biases caused by sampling,storage of samples,DNA extraction and purification,sequencing(*** sequencing),and bioinformatic data *** and the limits of predicting microbial interactions by network inference methods are critically discussed,and finally,future directions for a better understanding of soil functions by using measurements of microbial diversity are presented.

关键词： cultivation-based approach DNA-based approach flux rate network inference method omics technology rare biosphere soil metagenome

Chemistry and particle size distribution of respirable coal dust in underground mines in Central Eastern Europe

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2022年第1期9卷 200-216页

作者： Pedro Trechera Xavier Querol Robert Lah Diane Johnson Aleksander Wrana Ben Williamson teresa Moreno Instituto de Diagnostico Ambiental Y Estudios del Agua Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(IDAEACSIC)C/Jordi Girona 18‑2608034 BarcelonaSpain Department of Natural Resources and Environment Industrial and TIC Engineering(EMIT-UPC)08242 ManresaSpain Premogovnik Velenje d.d Partizanskacesta 783320 VelenjeSlovenia Camborne School of Mines University of ExeterPenrynCornwall TR109FEUK Department of Extraction Technology and Mining Support Central Mining Institute(GIG)40‑166 KatowicePlacGwarkow 1Poland

Despite international efforts to limit worker exposure to coal dust,it continues to impact the health of thousands of miners across *** coal dust has been studied to improve risk models and its control to protect *** size distribution analyses shows that using spraying systems to suppress airborne dusts can reduce particulate matter concentrations and that coals with higher ash yields produce finer *** are marked chemical differences between parent coals and relatively coarse deposited dusts(up to _(500)μm,DD_(500)).Enrichments in Ca,K,Ba,Se,Pb,Cr,Mo,Ni and especially As,Sn,Cu,Zn and Sb in the finest respirable dust fractions could originate from:(i)mechanical machinery wear;(ii)variations in coal mineralogy;(iii)coal fly ash used in shotcrete,and carbonates used to reduce the risk of *** enrichments in Ca in mine dusts are attributed to the use of such concrete,and elevated K to raised levels of phyllosilicate mineral *** concentrations are higher in the parent coal than in the DD_(500),probably due to relatively lower levels of organic *** concentrations of all elements observed in this study remained below occupational exposure limits.

关键词： Coal dust Deposited dust Respirable dust Particle size distribution Dust chemistry PM10 coal dust exposure

Mobile Based Student Council Voting System Case of Federal Technical Institute（FTI）

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Mobile Based Student Council Voting System Case of Federal T...

作者： GEMEDA GIRMA teresa（艾格明）天津职业技术师范大学

学位级别：硕士

这个基于移动的学生会投票系统主要是为联邦技术学院学生会设计的。这个android应用程序投票系统是一个简单、快速、高效的投票系统。只要稍微了解一下android手机,就可以轻松完成这个任务。移动应用程序投票系统帮助用户/学生投票选举... 详细信息

这个基于移动的学生会投票系统主要是为联邦技术学院学生会设计的。这个android应用程序投票系统是一个简单、快速、高效的投票系统。只要稍微了解一下android手机,就可以轻松完成这个任务。移动应用程序投票系统帮助用户/学生投票选举他们的代表。因此,本系统的这些特点使得学生们对移动投票系统产生了浓厚的兴趣。本项目强调上述的手动系统。在使用不同类型的方法学研究了这个手工系统之后,我们开发了这个项目,通过自动化一些手工完成的活动,简化了协调和咨询系统。一般来说,该系统有一个主要的机制,通过移动应用程序提交投票,使学生和候选人得到公平的选举和其他用户。这个项目将展示项目的设计,以及用于记录项目的工具和技术的信息,以及这个系统的实现工具,如XML、PHP和android java。并尝试给出了样本UI和样本算法。该系统将有一个中央数据库,每个用户将有一个用户帐户,使他们能够做一些任务,如选票检查他们的状态是否投票,候选人也检查当前点在选举中,和授权管理员将管理系统在他们的android手机与网络。他们将有权登录系统,他们可以注册新的和查看现有的选民,候选人和选举委员会的记录。本项目还讨论了基于移动的学生会投票系统的优势,该系统可以激励不同的机构和组织开发基于移动的学生会投票系统应用程序。这个项目也表达了在这个项目的开发过程中需要考虑的关键问题。

关键词： XML php android java 样例UI和样例算法

May-Thurner syndrome: High output cardiac failure as a result of iatrogenic iliac fistula

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2015年第3期3卷 318-321页

作者： Shantanu Singh Shivank Singh Juthika Jyothimallika teresa J Lynch Department of Medicine University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria Department of Medicine Southern Medical University Division of Pulmonology Duke LPMP 27536United States

May-Thurner syndrome(MTS) also termed iliocaval compression or Cockett-Thomas syndrome is a common, although rarely diagnosed, condition in which the patient has an anatomical variant wherein theright common iliac artery overlies and compresses the left common iliac vein against the fifth lumbar spine resulting in increased risk of iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis. This variant has been shown to be present in over 23% of the population but most go undetected. We present a patient with MTS who developed high output cardiac failure due to an iatrogenic iliac fistula. The patient underwent an extensive workup for a left to right shunt including MRI and arterial duplex in the vascular lab. He was ultimately found to have a 2.1 cm left common iliac artery aneurysm and history of common iliac stent. We took the patient to the operating room for aortogram with placement of an endovascular plug of the left internal iliac artery and aorto-biiliac stent graft placement with CO2 and Ⅳ contrast. Subsequently the patient underwent successful stent placement in the area that was compressed followed by 6 mo of anticoagulation with warfarin. The flow from the fistula decreased significantly.

关键词： May-Thurner syndrome Cardiac failure Echocardiogram Cockett-Thomas syndrome Iliocaval compression

Ubiquitin-proteasome system and oxidative stress in liver transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第31期24卷 3521-3530页

作者： Norma Alva Arnau Panisello-Roselló Marta Flores Joan Roselló-Catafau teresa Carbonell Department of Cell Biology Physiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Barcelona Experimental Pathology Department Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona

A major issue in organ transplantation is the development of a protocol that can preserve organs under optimal conditions. Damage to organs is commonly a consequence of flow deprivation and oxygen starvation following the restoration of blood flow and reoxygenation. This is known as ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI): a complex multifactorial process that causes cell damage. While the oxygen deprivation due to ischemia depletes cell energy, subsequent tissue oxygenation due to reperfusion induces many cascades, from reactive oxygen species production to apoptosis initiation. Autophagy has also been identified in the pathogenesis of IRI, although such alterations and their subsequent functional significance are controversial. Moreover, proteasome activation may be a relevant pathophysiological mechanism. Different strategies have been adopted to limit IRI damage, including the supplementation of commercial preservation media with pharmacological agents or additives. In this review, we focus on novel strategies related to the ubiquitin proteasome system and oxidative stress inhibition, which have been used to minimize damage in liver transplantation.

关键词： Liver transplant Ischemia-reperfusion injury Oxidative stress Proteasome Redox regulation Ubiquitin

Pathophysiology of cerebral oedema in acute liver failure

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第48期19卷 9240-9255页

作者： teresa R Scott Victoria T Kronsten Robin D Hughes Debbie L Shawcross Institute of Liver Studies King’s College London School of Medicine at King’s College Hospital King’s College Hospital London SE5 9RS United Kingdom

Cerebral oedema is a devastating consequence of acute liver failure(ALF)and may be associated with the development of intracranial hypertension and *** ALF,some patients may develop cerebral oedema and increased intracranial pressure but progression to lifethreatening intracranial hypertension is less frequent than previously described,complicating less than one third of cases who have proceeded to coma since the advent of improved clinical *** rapid onset of encephalopathy may be dramatic with the development of asterixis,delirium,seizures and *** and vasogenic oedema mechanisms have been implicated with a preponderance of experimental data favouring a cytotoxic *** swelling is the most consistent neuropathological finding in humans with ALF and ammonia plays a definitive role in the development of cytotoxic brain *** mechanism(s)by which ammonia induces astrocyte swelling remains unclear but glutamine accumulation within astrocytes has led to the osmolyte *** evidence also supports an alternate‘Trojan horse’hypothesis,with glutamine as a carrier of ammonia into mitochondria,where its accumulation results in oxidative stress,energy failure and ultimately astrocyte *** a complete breakdown of the blood-brain barrier is not evident in human ALF,increased permeation to water and other small molecules such as ammonia has been demonstrated resulting from subtle alterations in the protein composition of paracellular tight *** present,there is no fully efficacious therapy for cerebral oedema other than liver transplantation and this reflects our incomplete knowledge of the precise mechanisms underlying this process which remain largely unknown.

关键词： Cerebral oedema Acute liver failure Ammonia Hepatic encephalopathy Intracranial pressure Intracranial hypertension Cerebral blood flow

Current guidelines for the management of celiac disease:A systematic review with comparative analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第1期28卷 154-175页

作者： Alberto Raiteri Alessandro Granito Alice Giamperoli teresa Catenaro Giulia Negrini Francesco Tovoli Division of Internal Medicine Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic DiseasesIRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di BolognaBologna 40138Italy

BACKGROUND Wheat and other gluten-containing grains are widely consumed,providing approximately 50%of the caloric intake in both industrialised and developing *** widespread diffusion of gluten-containing diets has rapidly led to a sharp increase in celiac disease *** condition was thought to be very rare outside Europe and relatively ignored by health professionals and the global ***,in recent years,the discovery of important diagnostic and pathogenic milestones has led to the emergence of celiac disease(CD)from obscurity to global *** modifications have prompted experts worldwide to identify effective strategies for the diagnosis and follow-up of *** scientific societies,mainly from Europe and America,have proposed guidelines based on CD's most recent *** To identify the most recent scientific guidelines on CD,aiming to find and critically analyse the main *** We performed a database search on PubMed selecting papers published between January 2010 and January 2021 in the English *** was lastly accessed on 1 March *** We distinguished guidelines from 7 different scientific societies whose reputation is worldwide recognized and representative of the clinical practice in different geographical *** were noted in the possibility of a no-biopsy diagnosis,HLA testing,follow-up protocols,and *** We found a relatively high concordance between the guidelines for *** modifications have occurred in the last years,especially about the possibility of a no-biopsy diagnosis in *** modifications are expected in the next future and will probably involve the extension of the non-invasive diagnosis to the adult population and the follow-up modalities.

关键词： Celiac disease Gluten Gluten-free diet Gluten sensitivity Clinical guidelines Non-invasive diagnosis Histopathological findings Serological markers Genetics

Systematic review: Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors in chemoprevention of hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第20期25卷 2524-2538页

作者： Michele Barone Maria teresa Viggiani Giuseppe Losurdo Mariabeatrice Principi Alfredo Di Leo Gastroenterology Section Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation University of Bari Aldo Moro

BACKGROUND Neoangiogenesis is one of the key pathogenetic mechanisms in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Modulation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-Is) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) seems to be a possible adjuvant therapy for HCC, due to the antiangiogenic and anti-fibrogenic activity of these drugs. AIM To elucidate the role of ARBs and ACE-Is in HCC. METHODS We performed an electronic search of the literature using the most accessed online databases (PubMed, Cochrane library, Scopus and Web of Science), entering the query terms "angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors" OR "ACE inhibitors" OR "ACE-I" AND "hepatocarcinoma*" OR "hepatocellular carcinoma;moreover "angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers" OR "ARBs" AND "hepatocarcinoma*" OR "hepatocellular carcinoma". Eligibility criteria were:(1) prospective or retrospective clinical studies;(2) epidemiological studies;and (3) experimental studies conducted in vivo or in vitro. Abstracts, conference papers, and reviews were excluded a priori. We limited our literature search to articles published in English, in peer-reviewed *** Thirty-one studies were selected. Three interventional studies showed that ACEIs had a significant protective effect on HCC recurrence only when used in combination with vitamin K or branched chain aminoacids, without a significant increase in overall survival. Of six retrospective observational studies, mainly focused on overall survival, only one demonstrated a prolonged survival in the ACE-Is group, whereas the two that also evaluated tumor recurrence showed conflicting results. All experimental studies displayed beneficial effects of RAS inhibitors on hepatocarcinogenesis. Numerous experimental studies, conducted either on animals and cell cultures, demonstrated the anti-angiogenetic and antifibrotic effect of ACE-Is and ARBs, thanks to the suppression of some cytokines such as vascular endothelial growth factor

关键词： Cirrhosis Renin Angiotensin Survival Cancer prevention Hepatocarcinoma