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The role of mitochondria in the recovery of neurons after injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第2期18卷 317-318页

作者： taylor McElroy Rola s.Zeidan Laxmi Rathor sung Min Han Rui Xiao Department of Aging and Geriatric Research Institute on AgingCollege of MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA

Mitochondria are well cha racterized by their fundamental functions in regulating cellular homeostasis,including energy and iron *** functions are essential in neurons with high metabolic demands and elongated neuronal *** dynamically change morphology,localization,and activity to match neurons'spatial and temporal *** dysfunctions have been associated with many neurological disorders.

关键词： homeostasis processes injury

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Prime gradient noise

Computational Visual Media 2021年第3期7卷 349-362页

作者： sheldon taylor Owen sharpe Jiju Peethambaran Graphics&spatial Computing Lab Dept.of Math&CSSaint Mary’s UniversityHailifaxNSCanadaB3H3C3

Procedural noise functions are fundamental tools in computer graphics used for synthesizing virtual geometry and texture ***,a procedural noise function should be compact,aperiodic,parameterized,and randomly *** lattice noise functions such as Perlin noise,however,exhibit periodicity due to the axial correlation induced while hashing the lattice vertices to the *** this paper,we introduce a parameterized lattice noise called prime gradient noise(PGN)that minimizes discernible periodicity in the noise while enhancing the algorithmic *** utilizes prime gradients,a set of random unit vectors constructed from subsets of prime numbers plotted in polar coordinate *** map axial indices of lattice vertices to prime gradients,PGN employs szudzik pairing,a bijection F:N2→*** of szudzik pairing functions are used in higher *** the core of PGN is the ability to parameterize noise generation though prime sequence offsetting which facilitates the creation of fractal noise with varying levels of heterogeneity ranging from homogeneous to hybrid multifractals.A comparative spectral analysis of the proposed noise with other noises including lattice noises show that PGN significantly reduces axial correlation and hence,periodicity in the noise *** demonstrate the utility of the proposed noise function with several examples in procedural modeling,parameterized pattern synthesis,and solid texturing.

关键词： procedural noise procedural texture Perlin noise prime numbers

Impact of rewilding,species introductions and climate change on the structure and function of the Yukon boreal forest ecosystem

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第2期13卷 123-138页

作者： Rudy BOONsTRA stan BOUTIN Thomas s.JUNG Charles J.KREBs shawn taylor Department of Biological sciences University of Toronto ScarboroughTorontoOntarioCanada Department of Biological sciences University of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada Department of Environment Government of YukonWhitehorseYukonCanada Department of Zoology University of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada

Community and ecosystem changes are happening in the pristine boreal forest ecosystem of the Yukon for 2 ***,climate change is affecting the abiotic environment(temperature,rainfall and growing season)and driving changes in plant productivity and predator-prey ***,simultaneously change is occurring because of mammal species reintroductions and *** key ecological question is the impact these faunal changes will have on trophic *** productivity in the boreal forest is increasing because of climatic warming,but plant species composition is unlikely to change significantly during the next 50-100 *** 9-10-year population cycle of snowshoe hares will persist but could be reduced in amplitude if winter weather increases predator hunting *** rodents have increased in abundance because of increased vegetation *** ground squirrels have disappeared from the forest because of increased predator hunting efficiency associated with shrub *** have occurred for 2 reasons:human reintroductions of large ungulates and natural recolonization of mammals and birds extending their geographic *** deliberate rewilding of wood bison(Bison bison)and elk(Cervus canadensis)has changed the trophic structure of this boreal ecosystem very *** natural range expansion of mountain lions(Puma concolor),mule deer(Odocoileus hemionus)and American marten(Martes americana)should have few ecosystem *** potential changes will require long-term monitoring studies and experiments on a scale we rarely deem *** affected by climate change,species reintroductions and human alteration of habitats cannot remain stable and changes will be critically dependent on food web interactions.

关键词： community stability introduced species population cycles trophic dynamics

The global spread of Zika virus:is public and media concern justified in regions currently unaffected?

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 313-318页

作者： Narayan Gyawali Richard s.Bradbury Andrew W.taylor-Robinson Infectious Diseases Research Group School of Medical&Applied SciencesCentral Queensland UniversityRockhampton 4702QLDAustralia

Background:Zika virus,an Aedes mosquito-borne flavivirus,is fast becoming a worldwide public health concern following its suspected association with over 4000 recent cases of microcephaly among newborn infants in ***:Prior to its emergence in Latin America in 2015–2016,Zika was known to exist at a relatively low prevalence in parts of Africa,Asia and the Pacific *** extension of its apparent global dispersion may be enabled by climate conditions suitable to support the population growth of *** and *** mosquitoes over an expanding geographical *** addition,increased globalisation continues to pose a risk for the spread of ***,suspicions of alternative modes of virus transmission(sexual and vertical),if proven,provide a platform for outbreaks in mosquito non-endemic regions as *** a vaccine or anti-viral therapy is not yet available,current means of disease prevention involve protection from mosquito bites,excluding pregnant females from travelling to Zika-endemic territories,and practicing safe sex in those ***,in countries where Zika is reported as endemic,caution is advised in planning to conceive a baby until such time as the apparent association between infection with the virus and microcephaly is either confirmed or *** question arises as to what advice is appropriate to give in more economically developed countries distant to the current epidemic and in which Zika has not yet been ***:Despite understandable concern among the general public that has been fuelled by the media,in regions where Zika is not present,such as North America,Europe and Australia,at this time any outbreak(initiated by an infected traveler returning from an endemic area)would very probably be contained *** Aedes *** very limited spatial dispersal,overlapping high population densities of mosquitoes and humans would be needed to sustain a focus of ***,as ***

关键词： Zika Flavivirus Arbovirus Mosquito Aedes Transmission Vector control Diagnosis Treatment Epidemic

Revisiting taxonomy,morphological evolution,and fossil calibration strategies in Chloranthaceae

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Journal of systematics and Evolution 2011年第4期49卷 315-329页

作者： Alexandre ANTONELLI taylor s.FEILD Gothenburg Botanical Garden and Department of Plant and Environmental sciences University of Gothenburg Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Tennessee

Chloranthaceae is one of the earliest diverging angiosperm families and is comprised of approximately 75 species in four genera (Chloranthus,sarcandra,Ascarina,and Hedyosmum).This family has received considerable attention because of its seemingly primitive morphology,disjunct tropical distribution in Asia and America,and extensive fossil record from the Early *** the present study,we reconstructed the phylogeny of Chloran- thaceae based on a combined dataset of three plastid DNA regions and 56 *** then estimated divergence times in the family using two relaxed molecular clock methods (BEAsT and penalized likelihood).We focused on testing the influence of fossil taxa in calibrating the molecular phylogeny,and on assessing the current taxonomy of the family in light of the phylogenetic *** results indicate that most intrageneric divisions within Asca-rina and Hedyosmum are not *** results from the dating analysis suggest that the Hedyosmum-like fossil Asteropollis represents a stem lineage of Hedyosmum,as has been suggested previously from morphological *** contrast,our results indicate that the Chloranthus-like fossil Chloranthistemon,previously suggested on morphological grounds to be a stem relative of Chloranthus,may,instead,belong to the branch leading to the clade Chloranthus + *** median crown ages of Chloranthus,sarcandra,Ascarina,and Hedyosmum estimated in the BEAsT analysis were 26.3,9.5,31.0 and 45.8 million years ago (Ma),respectively,whereas the divergence between Chloranthus and sarcandra,the splitting of Ascarina with the former two genera,and Hedyos- mum separating from the three genera were estimated to 63.8,95.7 and 111.1 *** present study sheds further light on the temporal evolution of Chloranthaceae and exemplifies how molecular dating analyses may be used to explore alternative phylogenetic placements of fossil taxa.

关键词： angiosperm evolution Asteropollis Chloranthaceae Chloranthistemon molecular dating phylogeny.

Coarse and fine-tuning of lasing transverse electromagnetic modes in coupled all-inorganic perovskite quantum dots

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Nano Research 2021年第1期14卷 108-113页

作者： Youngsin Park Guanhua Ying Atanu Jana Vitaly Osokin Claudius C.Kocher Tristan Farrow Robert A.taylor Kwang s.Kim school of Natural science Ulsan National Institute of Science and TechnologhUlsan 44919Republic of Korea Clarendon Laboratory Department of PhysicsUniversity of OxfordParks RoadOxford OX13PUUK Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of SingaporeScience Drive 2Singapore 117543Singapore

Inorganic perovskite lasers are of particular interest,with much recent work focusing on Fabry-P6rot cavity-forming *** demonstrate the direct observation of lasing from transverse electromagnetic(TEM)modes with a long coherence time-9.5ps in coupled CsPbBr_(3) quantum dots,which dispense with an external cavity resonator and show how the wavelength of the modes can be controlled via two independent *** the pump power allowed us tofine-tune the TEM mode structure to the emission wavelength,thus providing a degree of control over the properties of the lasing *** temperature-tuning provided an additional degree of control over the wavelength of the lasing peak,importantly,maintained a constant full width at half maximum(FWHM)over the entire tuning range without mode-hopping.

关键词： perovskite quantum dots coherent lasing transverse electromagnetic mode stimulated emission

Wrapping up the role of pericytes in Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第11期18卷 2395-2396页

作者： taylor John stevenson Birger Victor Dieriks Department of Pharmacology University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Centre for Brain Research University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

Pericytes are classically defined as contra ctile cells within the central nervous system that regulate blood flow and permeability of the blood-brain barrier(BBB).This one-sided view is gradually changing,and pericytes are now considered versatile cells that can switch their function in response to different stimuli(Uemura et al.,2020).In addition to their role as gatekeepers of the BBB and maintaining homeostasis of the brain’s microenvironment through adj usting the vascular intraluminal dia meter,pericytes are both sensors and initiators of inflammation.

关键词： homeostasis pericyte

Kinetics of hydrogen peroxide quenching following UV/H_(2)O_(2)advanced oxidation by thiosulfate,bisulfite,and chlorine in drinking water treatment

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Frontiers of Environmental science & Engineering 2023年第12期17卷 59-69页

作者： Tianyi Chen Lizbeth taylor-Edmonds susan Andrews Ron Hofmann Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 1A4Canada

Residual H_(2)O_(2)from UV/H_(2)O_(2)treatment can be quenched by thiosulfate,bisulfite,and chlorine,but the kinetics of these reactions have not been reported under the full range of practical *** this study,the rates of H_(2)O_(2)quenching by these compounds were compared in different water matrices,temperatures,pH,and when using different forms of bisulfite and *** general,it was confirmed that thiosulfate would be too slow to serve as a quenching agent in most practical *** pH 7-8.5,chlorine tends to quench H_(2)O_(2)more than 20 times faster than bisulfite in the various conditions *** important observation was that in lightly-buffered water(e.g.,alkalinity of 20 mg/L as CaCO_(3)),the form of chlorine can have a large impact on quenching rate,with gaseous chlorine slowing the reaction due to its lowering of the pH,and hypochlorite having the opposite *** impacts will become less significant when water buffer capacity(i.e.,alkalinity)increases(e.g.,to 80 mg/L as CaCO_(3)).In addition,water temperature should be considered as the time required to quench H_(2)O_(2)by chlorine at 4℃is up to 3 times longer than at 20℃.

关键词： UV/H_(2)O_(2) H_(2)O_(2) quenching Chlorine type Water alkalinity Temperature

Prograde and retrograde growth of monazite in migmatites:An example from the Nagercoil Block,southern India

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Geoscience Frontiers 2015年第3期6卷 373-387页

作者： Tim E.Johnson Chris Clark Richard J.M.taylor M.santosh Alan s.Collins Department of Applied Geology The Institute for Geoscience Research(TIGeR)Curtin University school of the Earth sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing) Tectonics Resources and Exploration(TRaX)Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of Adelaide

Data from a migmatised metapelite raft enclosed within charnockite provide quantitative constraints on the pressure-temperature-time （P-T-t） evolution of the Nagercoil Block at the southernmost tip of peninsular India. An inferred peak metamorphic assemblage of garnet, K-feldspar, sillimanite, plagioclase, magnetite, ilmenite, spinel and melt is consistent with peak metamorphic pressures of 6-8 kbar and temperatures in excess of 900 ℃. subsequent growth of cordierite and biotite record high-temperature retrograde decompression to around 5 kbar and 800 ℃. sHRIMP U-Pb dating of magmatic zircon cores suggests that the sedimentary protoliths were in part derived from felsic igneous rocks with Palae- oproterozoic crystallisation ages. New growth of metamorphic zircon on the rims of detrital grains constrains the onset of melt crystallisation, and the minimum age of the metamorphic peak, to around 560 Ma. The data suggest two stages of monazite growth. The first generation of REE-enriched monazite grew during partial melting along the prograde path at around 570 Ma via the incongruent breakdown of apatite. Relatively REE-depleted rims, which have a pronounced negative europium anomaly, grew during melt crystallisation along the retrograde path at around 535 Ma. Our data show the rocks remained at suprasolidus temperatures for at least 35 million years and probably much longer, supporting a long-lived high-grade metamorphic history. The metamorphic conditions, timing and duration of the implied clockwise P-T-t path are similar to that previously established for other regions in peninsular India during the Ediacaran to Cambrian assembly of that part of the Gondwanan supercontinent.

关键词： Monazire Migmatite Zircon Geochronology Phase equilibria modelling Gondwana