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A call for international research on cOVID-19-induced brain dysfunctions

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National Science Review 2021年第12期8卷 13-14页

作者： Pedro A.Valdes-Sosa Alan c.evans Mitchell J.Valdes-Sosa Mu-ming Poo Global Brain consortium University of Electronic Sciences and Technology of China (UESTC) cuban Neuroscience center (cNEURO) Cuban Academy of Sciences Global Brain consortium Royal Society of CanadaMc Gill Center for Integrative Neuroscience Mc Gill University center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Institute of NeuroscienceChinese Academy of Sciences

The cOVID-19 pandemic, still raging worldwide, imposes staggering human and economic costs. These will only increase as many convalescent patients suffer consequences for many *** the virus can target multiple organ s...

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Long-term overlap of social and genetic structure in free-ranging house mice reveals dynamic seasonal and group size effects

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current Zoology 2021年第1期67卷 59-69页

作者： Julian c.evans Anna K.LINDHOLM Barbara KöNIG Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 190Zurich8057Switzerland

Associating with relatives in social groups can bring benefits such as reduced risk of aggression and increased likelihood of *** among relatives over limited resources,on the other hand,can induce individuals to alter their patterns of *** density might further affect the costs and benefits of associating with relatives by altering resource competition or by changing the structure of social groups;preventing easy association with ***,the overlap between genetic and social structure is expected to decrease with increasing population size,as well as during times of increased breeding ***,we use multi-layer network techniques to quantify the similarity between long-term,high resolution genetic,and behavioral data from a large population of free-ranging house mice(Mus musculus domesticus),studied over *** infer how the benefit of associating with genetically similar individuals might fluctuate in relation to breeding behavior and environmental *** found a clear seasonal effect,with decreased overlap between social and genetic structure during summer months,characterized by high temperatures and high breeding *** the effect of overall population size was relatively weak,we found a clear decrease in the overlap between genetic similarity and social associations within larger *** well as longer-term within-group changes,these results reveal population-wide short-term shifts in how individuals associate with *** study suggests that resource competition modifies the trade-off between the costs and benefits of interacting with relatives.

关键词： genetic relatedness long-term data multilayer networks seasonal social behavior

Application of serine integrases for secondary metabolite pathway assembly in Streptomyces

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2020年第2期5卷 111-119页

作者： Hong Gao Gabrielle taylor Stephanie K.evans Paul c.M.Fogg Margaret c.M.Smith Department of Biology University of YorkYorkYO105DDUnited Kingdom School of Health&Life Science Teesside UniversityMiddlesbroughTS13BA National Horizons centre Darlington campusTeesside UniversityDarlingtonDL11HG

Serine integrases have been shown to be efficient tools for metabolic pathway *** further improve the flexibility and efficiency of pathway engineering via serine integrases,we explored how multiple orthogonally active serine integrases can be applied for use in vitro for the heterologous expression of complex biosynthesis pathways in Streptomyces spp.,the major producers of useful bioactive natural *** results show that multiple orthogonal serine integrases efficiently assemble the genes from a complex biosynthesis pathway in a single in vitro recombination reaction,potentially permitting a versatile combinatorial assembly ***,the assembly strategy also permitted the incorporation of a well-characterised promoter upstream of each gene for expression in a heterologous *** results demonstrate how site-specific recombination based on orthogonal serine integrases can be applied in Streptomyces spp.

关键词： Serine integrase Pathway assembly Streptomyces Erythromycin

Stress corrosion cracking behaviors of RE-containing ME21 magnesium alloy processed by equal-channel angular pressing

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Journal of Rare Earths 2019年第1期37卷 88-94,M0005页

作者： Jinghua Jiang Qiuyuan Xie Mingshan Qiang Aibin Ma evans-Kwesi taylor Yuhua Li Dan Song Jianqing chen college of Mechanics and Materials Hohai University Suqian Institute Hohai University

A commercial as-cast ME21 magnesium alloy containing rare-earth (RE) element was processed by equalchannel angular pressing to obtain fine-grained micro structure. Stress corrosion cracking (Scc) behaviors of the fine-grained samples were studied by slow-strain-rate testing in air, distilled water and Hanks’solution at the strain rate of 1×10^(-6) s^(-1). All samples show a relatively low Scc sensitivity in distilled water but a great Scc tendency in Hanks’ solution. The microscopic observations of the fracture surfaces and the side surfaces reveal obvious active anodic dissolution and hydrogen embrittlement cracks, which indicate the higher Scc susceptibility in Hanks'solution. The fine-grained microstructure with more crystal defects promotes the passivation process of the oxide film and restrains the hydrogen induced cracking of the ME21 magnesium alloy, leading to the higher general corrosion resistance as well as Scc resistance.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Stress corrosion cracking Equal-channel angular pressing corrosion medium Fine-grained Rare earths

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Impact of carbon-based nutrient enhancement on biofiltration performance for drinking water treatment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第8期31卷 124-131页

作者： Yu Zhao Liz taylor-Edmonds Robert c.Andrews Department of civil and Mineral Engineering University of Toronto

Incorporation of a carbon-based nutrient enhancementstrategy for drinking water biofiltration is an attractive option, especially for source waters which contain recalcitrant organics. This study compared biofilters that were operated in parallel and individually enhanced with amino acids(including alanine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan), inulin, and sucrose to increase biomass concentration and promote biodegradation of dissolved organic carbon(DOc) in the source water, including disinfection by-product(DBP) precursors. Biomass activity was characterized by measuring adenosine tri-phosphate(ATP), dissolved oxygen(DO) consumption, and through the use of laccase and esterase enzyme assays. Performance was evaluated in terms of headloss,turbidity, p H, DOc, UV254, and DBP formation potential(DBP FP). The introduction of carbonbased nutrients significantly increased biomass activity, where ATP values peaked at 976 ng/g of filter media, 853 ng/g, and 513 ng/g for amino acids, inulin, and sucrose-spiked biofilters,respectively, while a non-spiked control only reached 104 ng/g. DO utilization by the enhanced biofilters was significantly higher than the control, with a strong correlation between ATP and DO uptake observed for all filters(R^2> 0.74). Laccase and esterase enzyme activities of enhanced biofilters were also elevated(p > 0.05), suggesting greater biodegradation potential. Operational parameters such as headloss development and turbidity control were not impaired by carbon supplementation strategies or an increase in biomass concentration and activity. However, the enhancement strategy did not provide improvement in terms of source water carbon removal(DOc and UV254) or DBP FP when treated filters were compared to a control.

关键词： Biological filtration carbon enhancement Biomass Disinfection by-products Dissolved organic carbon

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Feasibility of confocal endomicroscopy in the diagnosis of pediatric gastrointestinal disorders

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第18期15卷 2214-2219页

作者： Krishnappa Venkatesh Marta cohen clair evans Peter Delaney Steven Thomas christopher taylor Ashraf Abou-Taleb Ralf Kiesslich Mike Thomson centre for Pediatric Gastroenterology Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation TrustSheffieldS10 2THUnited Kingdom Department of Histopathology Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation TrustSheffieldS10 2THUnited Kingdom Optiscan PO Box 1066Mt WaverleyMDCVictoriaAustralia 3149Australia I.Med.Klink und Poliklinik Johannes Gutenberg University of MainzMainz 55131Germany

AIM： To evaluate the feasibility and utility of confocal laser endomicroscopy （cLE） in the description of normal gastrointestinal （GI） mucosa and in the diagnosis of GI disorders in children, in comparison to ***： Forty-four patients （19 female） median age 10.9 years （range 0.7-16.6 years） with suspected or known GI pathology underwent esophago-gastro- duodenoscopy （OGD）（n = 36） and/or ileocolonoscopy （Ic）（n = 31） with cLE using sodium fluorescein and acriflavine as contrast agents. Histological sections were compared with same site confocal images by two experienced pediatric and GI histopathologists and endoscopists, ***： Duodenum and ileum were intubated in all but one patient undergoing OGD and Ic. The median procedure time was 16.4 min （range 7-25 rain） for OGD and 27.9 min （range 15-45 min） for Ic. A total of 4798 confocal images were compared with 153 biopsies from the upper GI tract from 36 procedures, and 4661 confocal images were compared with 188 biopsies from the ileocolon from 31 *** images were comparable to conventional histology both in normal and in pathological conditions such as esophagitis, Helicobacter pylori gastritis, celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, colonic heterotopia, and graft versus host ***： cLE offers the prospect of targeting biopsies to abnormal mucosa, thereby increasing diagnostic yield, reducing the number of biopsies, decreasing the burden on the histopathological services, and reducing costs.

关键词： confocal laser endomicroscopy Histology Pediatric Gastrointestinal mucosa Gastrointestinaldisorders

Inter-signal interaction and uncertain information in anuran multimodal signals

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current Zoology 2011年第2期57卷 153-161页

作者： Ryan c. taylor Barrett A. KLEIN Michael J. RYAN Department of Biological Sciences Salisbury University Salisbury MD 21801 USA Section of Integrative Biology University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute P.O. Box 0843-03092 Balboa Ancon Republic of Panama

Disentangling the influence of multiple signal components on receivers and elucidating general processes influencing complex signal evolution are difficult tasks. In this study we test mate preferences of female squirrel treefrogs Hyla squirella and female tungara frogs Physalaemus pustulosus for similar combinations of acoustic and visual components of their multimodal courtship signals. In a two-choice playback experiment with squirrel treefrogs, the visual stimulus of a male model significantly increased the attractivness of a relatively unattractive slow call rate. A previous study demonstrated that faster call rates are more attractive to female squirrel treefrogs, and all else being equal, models of male frogs with large body stripes are more attractive. In a similar experiment with female tungara frogs, the visual stimulus of a robotic frog failed to increase the attractiveness of a relatively unattractive call. Females also showed no preference for the distinct stripe on the robot that males commonly bear on their throat. Thus, features of conspicuous signal components such as body stripes are not universally important and signal function is likely to differ even among species with similar ecologies and communication systems. Finally, we discuss the putative information content of anuran signals and suggest that the categorization of redundant versus multiple messages may not be sufficient as a general explanation for the evolution of multimodal signaling. Instead of relying on untested assumptions concerning the information content of signals, we discuss the value of initially collecting comparative empirical data sets related to receiver responses.

关键词： Inter-signal interaction Multimodal signaling Signal detection Signal weighting Squirrel treefrog Hyla squirella Tfingara frog Physalaemus pustulosus Vocal sac

Influence of a probiotic mixture on antibiotic induced microbiota disturbances

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第33期20卷 11878-11885页

作者： Sofia Forssten Malkanthi evans Dale Wilson Arthur c Ouwehand Active Nutrition DuPont Nutrition & Health 02460 Kantvik Finland KGK Synergize London ONN6A 5R8 Canada

AIM: To study the effect of probiotic consumption on the faecal microbiota during and after antibiotic exposure.

关键词： Probiotic Antibiotic treatment Amoxicillin/ clavulanate Microbiota Beta-lactamases Lactobacillus acidophilus Bifidobacterium lactis

Immunogenetic phenotypes in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第23期12卷 3645-3650页

作者： Maria c Dubinsky Kent taylor Stephan R Targan Jerome I Rotter Departments of Pediatrics Medicine and Medical Genetics InstituteCedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos Angeles CAUnited States

The currently accepted etiopathogenic hypothesis suggests that the chronic intestinal inflammation and related systemic manifestations characteristic of inflammatory bowel disease （IBD） are due to an overly aggressive or pathologic immune response to resident luminal bacterial constituents. Predisposing factors are genetic dysregulation of mucosal immune responses and/ or barrier function, with onset triggered by environmental stimuli. These factors and their interactions may also be important determinants of disease phenotype and disease progression. The emergence of immunogenetic phenotypes lends support to the proposed hypothesis that susceptibility genes regulate distinct immune processes, driven by luminal antigens, expressed as specific immune phenotypes which in turn influence clinical phenotypes in IBD patient.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Immunereactivity Disease phenotype